Предпереводческий анализ текста
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°льностью, которая выражается с помощью форм презенса глагола:
- The Olympics, a measure of national pride anywhere, means even more in Russia, heir to the vaunted Soviet teams that fought cold-war proxy battles against the West every four years.
Out of 45 different sports in the Olympics, only 12 have federal training centers for Russian teams.
На уровне предложения объективность обеспечивается нейтральным, преимущественно прямым порядком слов, исключающим эмоциональность и соответствующим тема-рематическому членению и ясной логической схеме субъект-предикат-объект:
- President Dmitri A. Medvedev has called for heads to roll and so far one has, that of the president of Russias Olympic Committee.
The Soviet Union had about 40 luge tracks, said Valery N. Silakov, the former head coach for the Soviet luge team and the current president of the Russian Luge Federation.
Now, Russian lugers have almost nowhere to train.
A new training track opened outside Moscow in 2008, but it still has problems with its cooling system.
Russian junior athletes only began participating on all levels of the Luge World Cup about four years ago.
Sure enough, a Russian woman, Anastasia Kuzmina, took gold in the first biathlon event of the Vancouver Games, a 7.5-kilometer sprint.
But she had been denied a spot on the Russian team after she returned from a pregnancy, so she was skiing for Slovakia, a former Soviet satellite.
Характерна также неличная семантика субъекта, выражающаяся либо с помощью безличных и неопределенно-личных подлежащих, либо с помощью подлежащих, выраженных существительными абстрактного или конкретного неличного значения:
- With so much invested in winning, losing has produced a moment of national shame.
After the Soviet Union fell, only four remained inside Russia proper, and those quickly crumbled into disrepair in the thin years of the 1990s.
There have been problems to varying degrees across the spectrum of Olympic sports, even in areas like hockey and figure skating where Russia has traditionally excelled.
Part of the problem was a doping scandal.
Then there was the lack of training facilities and quality coaches, as well as deficiencies in athletic technology.
This does not bode well for Russias performance in Sochi.
In response to the flop in Vancouver, the Kremlin has held high-level talks with top officials and appointed a commission to look into the failures.
Medals aside, the Sochi Games were going to be a challenge, anyway.
На уровне слова объективность когнитивной информации прежде всего обеспечивают.
2)Абстрактность.
Абстрактность выражается прежде всего в логическом принципе построения текста, проявляющий себя в сложности и разнообразии тех логических структур синтаксиса, которые используются в тексте. Это различные виды сочинительной и подчинительной связи, причастные обороты, инфинитивные группы:
- Now, a new anxiety is gripping the country: if its athletes perform as badly as they did in Vancouver last month, Russia could be humiliated in its own backyard.
On the snow and ice of the Winter Olympics especially, the Soviets dominated, winning the most gold medals seven of the nine times they competed.
With so much invested in winning, losing has produced a moment of national shame.
Russia won a meager three gold medals in Vancouver, coming in sixth in the overall medal count.
But as the performances in Vancouver showed, even a large infusion of cash into athletics in the past several years has not been able to reverse the decay wrought by the Soviet collapse.
After the Soviet Union fell, only four remained inside Russia proper, and those quickly crumbled into disrepair in the thin years of the 1990s.
A new training track opened outside Moscow in 2008, but it still has problems with its cooling system.
With few tracks or other training facilities and little money to train abroad until recently, athletes could not receive proper training, Mr. Silakov said, meaning few new competitors emerged from what has become known as the lost generation of Russian athletes.
Going into the Vancouver Olympics, the biathlon team was one of Russias greatest medal hopes.
But she had been denied a spot on the Russian team after she returned from a pregnancy, so she was skiing for Slovakia, a former Soviet satellite.
The Soviet Union had athletic laboratories where engineers developed faster skis or tweaked luge sleds for optimum aerodynamics in a sport where the difference between winning a medal or not is counted in hundredths of a second.
Beyond revamping traditional athletics, Russians must also begin to make forays into newer sports like snowboarding if they want to compete in the medal count with, say, the United States and Germany.
Наблюдается также широкий диапазон дублирующих возможностей передачи логических отношений: так, определительные отношения могут выражаться с помощью согласованного определения, генетивного определения, сложного слова, определительного придаточного:
- The Olympics, a measure of national pride anywhere, means even more in Russia, heir to the vaunted Soviet teams that fought cold-war proxy battles against the West every four years.
Russias leaders have now staked their countrys prestige on the success of the Sochi Olympic Games, and this success includes running up the medal count, which Prime Minister Vladimir V. Putin has called a priority.
The Soviet Union had about 40 luge tracks, said Valery N. Silakov, the former head coach for the Soviet luge team and the current president of the Russian Luge Federation.
In fact, success or failure in Sochi will depend largely on athletes like Albert Demchenko, Russias most successful luge competitor.
Sure enough, a Russian woman, Anastasia Kuzmina, took gold in the first biathlon event of the Vancouver Games, a 7.5-kilometer sprint.
3)Плотность (компрессивность).
В данном тексте этот параметр выражен цифровым кодом (данные):
- The Soviet Union had about 40 luge tracks, said Valery N. Silakov, the former head coach for the Soviet luge team and the current president of the Russian Luge Federation.
After the Soviet Union fell, only four remained inside Russia proper, and those quickly crumbled into disrepair in the thin years of the 1990s. A new training track opened outside Moscow in 2008, but it still has problems with its cooling system.
A steely cadre of skiers and sharpshooters trained in the wilds of Siberia, Russian biathletes have been a dominant force since the sport gained Olympic status in the 1960s.
Sure enough, a Russian woman, Anastasia Kuzmina, took gold in the first biathlon event of the Vancouver Games, a 7.5-kilometer sprint.
In the mens sprint event, the fastest Russian skier finished 10th, and the teams captain, Maxim Chudov, came in 63rd.
Out of 45 different sports in the Olympics, only 12 have federal training centers for Russian teams.
In a meeting with athletic officials this month, Mr. Putin said that the 2009 federal budget allocated funds to begin construction of 200 athletic facilities, though he admitted such resources did not always reach their intended recipients. spent about $117 million preparing its team for Vancouver, he said, more than five times what was spent on the previous Winter Olympic Games in Turin, Italy.
Аббревиатур и сокращений в данном тексте не наблюдается.
II.Оперативный тип информации
Оперативная информация в данном тексте не представлена.
III.Эмоциональный тип информации
Эмоциональная информация служит для передачи эмоций (чувств) в процессе коммуникации. Ведущими признаками являются субъективность и образность.
1)Субъективность.
Субъективность выражается с помощью самых разнообразных языковых средств.
Так, широко задействованы языковые средства, представляющие собой реализацию текстовых категорий. Темпоральность представляется разрядами настоящего, прошедшего и будущего времени и выражается в каждом языке с помощью соответствующих фо