Доклады Центра эмпирических политических исследований спбгу издаются с 2000 года Выпуск 8
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СодержаниеMethodology of the political analysis Сведения об авторах |
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METHODOLOGY OF THE POLITICAL ANALYSIS
Popova O. Political generation: distinctions and political views
stability…….…………………………………………………………… 92
Zinoviyev A. Сoncept of the communicative state and the Russian
political process…………………………………………………………. 101
SUMMARIES
Artyomov George. From polarization to consolidation: evolution of the Russian voters political dispositions.
In the report change of political dispositions of the Russian voters in 1995–2007 is considered. There is factorial analysis of electoral statistics for 12 years and the definition of the subjects configuration of the Russian Federation: conservatism – liberalism, right – left. Change of valuable orientations and party preferences of voters for the period with 1999 on 2003 is considered on the basis of researches which were made by CEPI of the St.-Petersburg State University. It is judged on this basis that one of the reasons of transition from polarization to consolidation of political dispositions is presence of the combined valuable orientations at a significant part of voters.
Shchukin Denis. Mental semantic field as a factor of political conflict.
This article deals with the structure of political conflict and the importance of its components. The first level of conflict is material. The second one is connected with the differences between the structures of identification and interpretation of conflict actors and can be defined as «mental semantic». According to the author’s conclusion, the mental semantic field of conflict is a deep factor that defines intensity and cruelty of conflict. The results of focus-groups – the empirical basis of the article – demonstrate that economic, ethnic, cultural, religious self-identification directions of individual influence the position of respondent in a concrete conflict situation.
Negrov Eugene. Levels of translation of an official political discourse in modern Russia.
The article is devoted to a problem of levels of official political discourse in modern Russia. The author shows, that basic feature of discourse is not reduced neither to text, nor to speech, but covers all symbolical activity of politicians and citizens, realizing the intensions in not symbolical, but concrete actions of authorities and society. On an example of official political discourse of the Russian-Georgian and Russian-Ukrainian conflicts of 2006 the five-step model of its transformation has been shown.
Makarin Alexander. Bureaucracy as a basis of formation of the modern Russia ruling elite.
In the end of the 80th of years shaping system of political-bureaucratic elite was considerably changed. In the contemporary political science are used different concepts “elites” - “economic elite”, “political elite”, “national elite”, “business- elite”, “elite groups”, “near-elite environment”, etc. Each of these elite groups fulfills the specific functions and have its own levers of influence. They between themselves a constant struggle for the political influence and the redistribution of property, closely interacting. The conversion of the Soviet form of the ruling class was the result of this process.
Rimskiy Vladimir. Corruption in relationships of citizens and authorities: its social basis and forms of exercise.
In this article the authoring interpretations of outcomes of studies of corruption carried out by INDEM Foundation with 1999 for 2007 are shown. It is reasoned that the patron-client relations make the steadiest social connections and relations ensuring existence and dilating corruption practices. In conformity with Soviet tradition the patron-client relations are more understandable for citizens, office-holders and businessmen, than legal and democratic, founded on the law and keeping of both human rights and state concerns. The patron-client relations are the social basis of corruption networks which are the most danger for Russia development now. And it is reasoned that for the Russian citizens the corruption practices allow to equalize their social statuses with the office-holders, i.e. to destroy the patron-client relations temporarily.
Lagutin Oleg. Analysis of lobbyism activity in the State Duma of the Russian Federation.
Author used the empirical methods in order to research the lobbyism in State Duma of the Russian Federation. Analysis is based on the statistical data of INDEM-DUMA Statistica-2000. There are studied two empirical fragments demonstrating two lobbyism types in State Duma of second convocation. The first is legislative lobbyism existing through interest defense with the help of legislative procedure. The second one is budget lobbyism, realization of which is possible through the pressure on the concrete institutes with the aim of the necessarily distribution of federal budget. The structure of the lower chamber of parliament and its subjects lobbyism potentialities are analyzed in this article. There are described the lobbyism potentialities of State Duma committees and fraction representation in them. The empirical research of the deputation and fractional inquiries as lobbyism mechanisms were made by the author. Also the work contains the multivariate analysis of the fractions voting behavior with the expressed lobbyism orientation. There are made special analysis of voting on problems connected with the passing budget with the using conformism index. This index numerically characterizes the degree of similarity of splits in legislative groups and legislative institute is general.
Popova Olga. Political generation: distinctions and political views
stability.
In the report the heuristic opportunities given by a hypothesis about distinctions in political attitudes of people, concerning to different political generations are considered. A basis of check of the given hypothesis are the mass interrogations which have been lead by the Center of empirical political researches of the St.-Petersburg state university during last ten years. Our supervision based on results of these surveys, unequivocally testify to exclusive mobility of political preferences and models of political behaviour in the post-crisis period in our country. On the basis of generalization of these supervision it is possible to draw a conclusion that 2,5-3 years are that interval of time for which at competently built information policy it is possible to change essentially political attitudes of any age group.
Zinoviyev Andrew. Сoncept of the communicative state and the Russian political process.
The author describes the concept of the communicative state, which is created on the basis of political theory U. Habermas. The given concept considers a phenomenon of the state as result of dialectic interaction of communicative rationality and strategic rationality. The Russian political process is analyzed in article from position of the communicative state concept.
^ СВЕДЕНИЯ ОБ АВТОРАХ
Артёмов Георгий Петрович – доктор философских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой политических институтов и прикладных политических исследований факультета философии и политологии Санкт-Петербургского государственного университета.
E-mail: g_artemov@hotmail.com
Зиновьев Андрей Олегович – кандидат политических наук, доцент кафедры политологии Санкт-Петербургского государственного инженерно-экономического университета.
E-mail: azin73@mail.ru
Лагутин Олег Владимирович – кандидат политических наук, доцент кафедры политических институтов и прикладных политических исследований факультета философии и политологии Санкт-Петербургского государственного университета.
E-mail: lagutin_ov@mail.ru
Макарин Александр Викторович – доктор социологических наук, профессор кафедры политических институтов и прикладных политических исследований факультета философии и политологии Санкт-Петербургского государственного университета.
E-mail: makarin58@mail.ru
Негров Евгений Олегович – редактор-социолог общественной приёмной Балтийской медиагруппы.
E-mail: negrov2001@mail.ru
Попова Ольга Валентиновна – доктор политических наук, профессор кафедры политических институтов и прикладных политических исследований факультета философии и политологии Санкт-Петербургского государственного университета.
E-mail: olga@op3201.spb.edu
Римский Владимир Львович – заведующий отделом социологии Регионального общественного фонда «Информатика для демократии» (Фонд ИНДЕМ).
E-mail: vlrim@yandex.ru
Щукин Денис Андреевич – студент 4-го курса отделения политологии факультета философии и политологии Санкт-Петербургского государственного университета.
E-mail: denis_shchukin@mail.ru