Г. В. Плеханова английский язык учебно-методическое пособие

Вид материалаУчебно-методическое пособие

Содержание


8.6. Прочитайте диалог. Заполните пропуски в тексте предложенными словами
А. ECONOMIC ACTIVITY. Прочитайте текст. Заполните пропуски в тексте предлогами
В. ECONOMIC ACTIVITY. Прочитайте текст. Заполните пропуски в тексте предложенными словами
8.7. Составьте предложения, используя следующие слова
8.8. Переведите предложения с русского на английский язык
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8.6. Прочитайте диалог. Заполните пропуски в тексте предложенными словами:


Total sum, to invest, expenditures, to measure by data, to exaggerate, receipts, to add, total value, to accomplish a task, to evaluate the performance of branch, net exports of goods and services.

The Managing Director of one of the branches reports to the General Director of GKN on the performance of the branch:

G.D. What does the …1… (суммарное значение) of $68 million refer to?

M.D. Having got a profit before tax of $132 million, GKN then had to pay taxes which …2… (включают) up to $51 million and $13 million to shareholders. This resulted in …3…(приход) of the year of $68 million.

G.D. How high were the profits of the branch?

M.D. Having deducted the …4… (расходы) of running the business we got the trading surplus1 of $146 million.

G.D. Where in the world was the firms trading surplus greatest?

M.D. Our factories producing car components …5… (выполнить задание) and had a good year, particularly our transmission companies in Europe.

G.D. Will you try to ..6…(оценить с помощью фактов)?

M.D. There, the trading surplus rose by $21 million to a …7… (общая сумма) of $77 mln.

G.D. How does …8… (чистый экспорт товаров и услуг) compare with the previous year?

M.D. They matched those of the previous year which were themselves a record.

G.D. You have not …9… (преувеличивать) the results when you …10…(оценивать деятельность отделения), have you?

M.D. Actually, when we paid interest on bank borrowings and other loans to finance the business, this left $1 million which were transferred to reserves in order to …11…(вкладывать) back into the business.


1активное сальдо торгового баланса.

А. ECONOMIC ACTIVITY. Прочитайте текст. Заполните пропуски в тексте предлогами:


The Soviet economic system was based …1… centralized planning of goods, services, and prices. The state owned the means …2… production, transportation, and communication, as well …3… the service industry. The directors …4… all factories, farms, and other important institutions were appointed …5… the Communist party …6… its nomenklatura system. This arrangement had some …7… the characteristics of a patronage system and some that made it look …8… a civil service system. Political loyalty was more important …9… technical or managerial competence …10… those willing to work their way up the bureaucratic ladder.

The economy was divided …11… numerous sectors (at times more …12… a hundred), each headed …13… a government minister: a minister …14… ferrous metallurgy, a minister …15… nonferrous metallurgy, more than half a dozen ministries supervising various sectors …16… the energy industry, another half dozen or so …17… different aspects of agriculture, and so …18…. A State Committee …19… Supplies was responsible …20… ensuring that each enterprise received, and received …21… time, the inputs required …22… it to manufacture its product …23… products. Similarly, a State Committee …24… Prices determined the cost …25… every item produced and sold.

В. ECONOMIC ACTIVITY. Прочитайте текст. Заполните пропуски в тексте предложенными словами:


Affected, allocated, cause, despite, economy, enterprise, extraordinary, gross national product, linked, managers, own, rate, shortages.

This …1… degree of centralization could not continue to work effectively as the Soviet economy grew. Breakdowns in one part of the …2… necessarily …3… production schedules and quality control in other areas. It might seem that …4… and workers would want to fulfill, and perhaps overfulfill, their quotas. But it would also …5… quotas to be raised in following years. This, along with the fact that the government …6… some 20-30% of the country's …7… (GNP) to military spending, were the main reasons for the steady fall in the …8… of the USSR's economic growth.

Furthermore, …9… the propaganda picture of the economy, with all component parts …10… to one another, each ministry and …11… tended to develop its …12… institutional interests.

The end result was frequent production bottlenecks, poor quality goods, poor morale among workers, absenteeism and …13… in the marketplace.

8.7. Составьте предложения, используя следующие слова:

  1. Not, permitted, selling, and, was, legally, privately, owing, land, renting.
  2. Reforms, by, pursued, met, industrial, and, President, market, managers, conservatives, other, vigorously.
  3. A, in, the, reforms, was, of, Russian, delay, economic, the, crisis, enacting, economic, cause.
  4. Russia, this, in, liberation, legal, to, action, accelerate, economic, promised.
  5. The, dropped, of, rapidly, the, rouble, currency, Russia’s, value.
  6. USSR, economy, severely, the, Russia’s, affected, the, of, dissolution, was, by.
  7. Of, GDP, deficit, about, the, government, one, equaled, large, fifth, total.

8.8. Переведите предложения с русского на английский язык:


1. Дефицит иногда возникает из-за резкого роста спроса.

2. Чтобы сократить расходы, нужно внести изменения в свой бюджет.

3. Монополия – это один из факторов, которые оказывают влияние на продажу и покупку товаров.

4. У него на содержании жена и сын, а также он должен выплачивать большую закладную.

5. Когда уменьшается Валовой национальный продукт, в экономике происходит спад.

6. Экономисты в правительстве должны предварительно оценить кое-какую информацию.

7. В капиталистической экономике все предприятия включают в себя степень риска.

8. Излишек, полученный от бизнеса, – это вознаграждение за частное предпринимательство, известное как прибыль.

9. Арендная плата – это доход от предоставления другим лицам права временно использовать чью-то собственность.

10. Для нас невозможно принять эти условия.