Информация

1281. The New-York City, Places of interest
Разное

Central Park, an 843-acre retreat in the midst of bustling Manhattan, was developed in 1858 by Frederick Olmsted, the famous landscape architect, and Calvert Vaux. The park combines beautifully landscaped areas with a remarkable variety of recreational facilities. Among its many features are: Belvedere Castle, with scenic works and the children's Discovery Chamber. The Carousel with its beautiful and historic hand-carved horses. Central Park Zoo (at 64th Street), with animals living in a 5-acre habitat. The Charles A. Dana Discovery Center , with scenic works, hands-on exhibits, and family workshops. Conservatory Garden. Delacorte Theater (at 79th Street), host to the famous annual Shakespeare in the Park Festival. Great Lawn, featuring New York Philharmonic performances. The Heckscher Puppet House, with weekday shows at 10:30am and noon. Lasker Rink. Summer Stage, presenting free performances and events May through August. Swedish Cottage Marionette Theatre with performances Tuesday through Friday. Walkman ice skating rink (at 62nd Street), which is open year-round, with ice-skating in the winter, and roller skating and miniature golf in the summer. Also available are the Bethesda Fountain, a model yacht pond, carousel, two rowing lakes and Sheep Meadow. Guided tours of the Park by Manhattan National Park Rangers, featuring historic and natural history. The free tours, on Saturdays and Sundays, last approximately one and one-half hours, and include a good amount of walking. Horse-drawn carriages. The Dairy in Central Park near 64th Street and 5th Avenue is an exhibition -information-sales center for the park where slide presentations on the park are shown continuously. The Dairy is the location of the Central Park Visitor and Information Center. Horse enthusiasts will find plenty of bridle paths, and horse rentals are available at the West 72nd St stables. Visitors to Central Park can cruise the park lake on a Venetian gondola. The 37.5 foot Daughter of Venice was built in Venice and donated to the city by New York Philanthropist Lucy Moses. The gondola rides must be reserved by calling the boat house at the above number.
1282. The outline of the period
Иностранные языки

The story centers around Jay Gatsby, the title character, who is a young millionaire with a mysterious and somewhat notorious past. Hes famous for throwing glamorous parties attended by high society. Gatsby has no ties to the society of the rich in which he circulates and is a lonely man. All he really wants is to repeat the past, and thats to be reunited with the love of his life, Daisy. The reader learns that Daisy is the primary reason he pursued a life of money, the other being that he wanted to escape from the life of his father, poverty. But Daisy has moved on and is married to respectable millionaire Tom Buchanan. The narrator is Nick Carraway, an apprentice Wall Street trader in the rising financial markets of the early 1920s, who is also Daisys second cousin. Carraway lives in the small bungalow next to the mansion owned by Gatsby. He quickly meets and befriends Gatsby, and thus becomes the liaison between him and Daisy. Carraway is cynical of the rich, as respectable as they may seem superficially; he feels that they are careless people. One afternoon, after a confrontation between Tom and Gatsby over Gatsbys love for Daisy, as well as Gatsbys past actions and present intentions, Daisy runs over Myrtle, Toms mistress, while driving back from the city with Gatsby in Gatsbys bright yellow car. Tom misleads Myrtles heartbroken husband George, implying that the accident was Gatsbys fault to punish Tom for marrying Daisy. In a fit of rage, George goes to Gatsbys house with his gun, shoots Gatsby and then commits suicide. Hardly anyone, even Daisy, attends Gatsbys funeral. Carraway, Gatsbys sole friend, attends with Gatsbys father, a poor farmer. Gatsby is buried with the same mystery in which he suddenly appeared. At the end of the book, Carraway decides to move back out West, as he feels that the East is too corrupt for him. He is left to ponder The American Dream and what it is that makes us continue to strive for our goals.
1283. The Participation of American and British Youth in Political Life of Their Countries.
Педагогика

If we observe from the societal point of work, the reason for lack of interest in politics among the youngsters can be their parents and elders. They feel that politics is not their cup of tea and that they would rather want their sons and daughters to have a secure life. In other words, they want their children to choose a career that has more security and more potential, i.e. a good job with good money. Due to this, many ebullient youngsters who have the real potential to change the political scenario of the country sit in their air-conditioned offices, doing a more "secure" job and deriding and despising the politics of the country. Of course they disparage the politicians too.
1284. The People Trade
Разное

The journey to the West is called "sneaking across the water." It's made possible by Fujainese guides known as "snakeheads." They are important figures in their homeland. "Everybody knows who the snakeheads are," says Chen Mei Xing, a Fijianese who slipped into England a few weeks ago. "He's a businessman with a very hihg status." According to USA authorities, snakeheads are also part of Chinese gangs known as Triads or Tongs. They Charge as much as 60000 dollars for a trip to the United States; half as much for Britain. Typically, a down payment of 5 to 19 percent is made up front. A migrant who uses the snakehead's services can spend years repaying the debt. The Fijianese who emigrate see the fee as a smart investment. In the end Fujian benefits too. Fujianese migrants pump large sums of money into the economy they left behind. City officials in Changle ( population: 600000) estimate that locals who have gone abroad put 100 million dollars back into the city's economy each year in remittances to their families and property investments back home.
1285. The political method of the International Socialist Organisation
Политология
1286. The political thinking of Hobbes, Locke and Rousseau decisively shaped the western intellectual trad...
Иностранные языки

To force the laws to work in a natural state, the nature has given everyone an opportunity to judge violated laws and to impose a penalty on trespassers . However in a natural state there are no institutions, which could impartially solve disputes between the people ,to prove and carry out appropriate punishment for an aggressor .All this derivates uncertainty. To overcome this , to provide execution of the natural laws, equality and freedom, protection of the person and property , people decided to form the political community, to find out the state. But, the tricky question derives then , if there isnt agreement between people to obey the laws how people can come to a state? There are always people like the anarchists who wouldnt like to follow even the majority of the mankind. Locke emphasizes the moment of the agreement : " Any peaceful formation of the state has in the basis the agreement of the people ". According to Locke only the majority of the community can do this. “The obligation to obey to the decision of the majority and to consider it final ". I think such conclusions describe Locke as a very contemporary and democratic thinker at his time. A time when arguing with kings word was mortally. A total refusal by the individuals of all natural rights, belonging to them, and freedom for the benefit of the state (that took place, for example, in the doctrine of Hobbes) Locke considers unacceptable. The right on life and possession of property, freedom and equality the man does not alienate to anybody and at any circumstances These not alienated values - final borders of authority and action of the state which are prohibited to violate.
1287. The positive image as are important component of being competitive on the tourist market
Иностранные языки

§Analyzing of publishing in the mass medias better to use all methods in total, as each of them give the different value of a question. The questionnaire method as example gives more statistical and mass information about characteristics and the status of image. It shows a public opinion and condition to the firm. Due to this method it is necessary to know the influence of an advertising on a consumer. Is it a correct forming of the image in the people mind?focus group method is the innovation in the researching of image. Always a segment is divided into several focus groups and PR-manager holds a conversation with any group. During the contact participants give their opinions and offer ideas about the image formation. Participants of such groups are clients of the company, who gives value about image. Using this method it is possible to learn strong and poor characteristic of the travel agency and also an opinion of consumers about competitors. interworking method is the deepest. Always an interwork is conducted with a one people who a man of importance group for the travel agency. He is asked about how he works the organization, what he could change, add and advice. The aim of the interwork is achieve the opinion of the consumer about the company on the level of consciousness. What a person senses when uses of services, what emotions feels, and what he fells when dont use the service of this agency.can get information about the company from mass media, special magazine and transmission on TV, where the production is compared and tested. The forum is also the way to research the attention tourists to the agency. whole picture is compiled about image after the giving information. Data is analyzed in the marketing department. If there is the negative effect from something factor (an unsuccessful advertising, a public statement, mistakes in service, etc.) it is necessary to correct it. Image of the organization is developed and after several time the result of changing is analyzed once more.
1288. The post-war period and the Cold War
История

By the time the comparatively youthful Mikhail Gorbachev <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachev> became General Secretary <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Secretary_of_the_Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union> in 1985, the Soviet economy was stagnant and faced a sharp fall in foreign currency earnings as a result of the downward slide in oil prices in the 1980s. These issues prompted Gorbachev to investigate measures to revive the ailing state.ineffectual start led to the conclusion that deeper structural changes were necessary and in June 1987 Gorbachev announced an agenda of economic reform called perestroika <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perestroika>, or restructuring. Perestroika relaxed the production quota <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Production_quota> system, allowed private ownership of businesses and paved the way for foreign investment. These measures were intended to redirect the country's resources from costly Cold War military commitments to more productive areas in the civilian sector.initial skepticism in the West, the new Soviet leader proved to be committed to reversing the Soviet Union's deteriorating economic condition instead of continuing the arms race with the West. Partly as a way to fight off internal opposition from party cliques to his reforms, Gorbachev simultaneously introduced glasnost <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glasnost>, or openness, which increased freedom of the press and the transparency of state institutions. Glasnost was intended to reduce the corruption at the top of the Communist Party <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_party> and moderate the abuse of power in the Central Committee <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Committee>. Glasnost also enabled increased contact between Soviet citizens and the western world, particularly with the United States, contributing to the accelerating dйtente <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A9tente> between the two nations.response to the Kremlin's military and political concessions, Reagan agreed to renew talks on economic issues and the scaling-back of the arms race. The first was held in November 1985 in Geneva, Switzerland <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geneva>. At one stage the two men, accompanied only by an interpreter, agreed in principle to reduce each country's nuclear arsenal by 50 percent. A second Reykjavнk Summit <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reykjav%C3%ADk_Summit> was held in Iceland <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iceland>. Talks went well until the focus shifted to Reagan's proposed Strategic Defense Initiative, which Gorbachev wanted eliminated: Reagan refused. The negotiations failed, but the third summit in 1987 led to a breakthrough with the signing of the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intermediate-Range_Nuclear_Forces_Treaty> (INF). The INF treaty eliminated all nuclear-armed, ground-launched ballistic and cruise missiles with ranges between 500 and 5,500 kilometers (300 to 3,400 miles) and their infrastructure.West tensions rapidly subsided through the mid-to-late 1980s, culminating with the final summit in Moscow in 1989, when Gorbachev and George H. W. Bush <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_H._W._Bush> signed the START I <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/START_I> arms control treaty. During the following year it became apparent to the Soviets that oil and gas subsidies, along with the cost of maintaining massive troops levels, represented a substantial economic drain. In addition, the security advantage of a buffer zone was recognized as irrelevant and the Soviets officially declared <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinatra_Doctrine> that they would no longer intervene in the affairs of allied states in Eastern Europe.1989, Soviet forces withdrew from Afghanistan and by 1990 Gorbachev consented <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_on_the_Final_Settlement_with_Respect_to_Germany> to German reunification <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_reunification>, the only alternative being a Tiananmen <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989> scenario. When the Berlin Wall came down, Gorbachev's "Common European Home <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_European_Home>" concept began to take shape.December 3, 1989, Gorbachev and Reagan's successor, George H. W. Bush <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_H._W._Bush>, declared the Cold War over at the Malta Summit <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malta_Summit>; a year later, the two former rivals were partners in the Gulf War <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulf_War> against Iraq <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iraq>.1989, the Soviet alliance system was on the brink of collapse, and, deprived of Soviet military support, the Communist leaders of the Warsaw Pact <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warsaw_Pact> states were losing power. In the USSR itself, glasnost weakened the bonds that held the Soviet Union together and by February 1990, with the dissolution of the USSR looming, the Communist Party <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union> was forced to surrender its 73-year-old monopoly on state power.the same time freedom of press and dissent allowed by glasnost and the festering "nationalities question" increasingly led the Union's component republics to declare their autonomy from Moscow, with the Baltic states <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baltic_states> withdrawing from the Union entirely. The 1989 revolutionary wave <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revolutions_of_1989> that swept across Central and Eastern Europe overthrew the Soviet-style communist states, such as Poland, Hungary, Czechoslovakia and Bulgaria, Romania being the only Eastern-bloc country to topple its communist regime violently and execute its head of state.'s permissive attitude toward Eastern Europe did not initially extend to Soviet territory; even Bush, who strove to maintain friendly relations, condemned the January 1991 killings in Latvia <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_1991_events_in_Latvia> and Lithuania <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_Events>, privately warning that economic ties would be frozen if the violence continued. [253] <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cold_War> The USSR was fatally weakened by a failed coup <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1991_Soviet_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat_attempt> and a growing number of Soviet republics <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republics_of_the_Soviet_Union>, particularly Russia <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic>, who threatened to secede from the USSR. The Commonwealth of Independent States <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Independent_States>, created on December 21, 1991, is worked as a successor entity to the Soviet Union <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet_Union> but, according to Russia's leaders, its purpose was to "allow a civilized divorce" between the Soviet Republics <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republics_of_the_Soviet_Union> and is comparable to a loose confederation <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confederation>. The USSR was declared officially dissolved on December 25, 1991.
1289. The Prisoners’ Dilemma (PD) and its applications
Иностранные языки
1290. The Problem of Holmelessness in Canada
Политология

Its in the governments own good to stop the wave of homelessness in the country, which causes crime, sickness and chaos on the streets. Government has all power to help homeless people and solve the problem with homelessness. Government doesnt have to make more charities for homeless people, but it should make more activities, which involves homeless people themselves. Build more houses and shelters or even temporary places of living, itll help to solve the issue with living place. I know that civil volunteers will help with money and many other activities. Major of Toronto could take some taxpayers money to make changes in homeless condition in Toronto. He also can get more votes at next election. Should they raise taxes or cut budget of some unimportant science research, I dont know. But problem of homelessness must be solved! Canadians must not loose their conscience and help their brothers and sisters on the streets.
1291. The problem of violence
Иностранные языки

Stаtе tеrrоr іs аlsо оrgаnіzеd vіоlеncе. Іn hіs bооk, Humаnіsm аnd Tеrrоr, Frеnch іntеllеctuаl оf thе lеft, Mаurіcе Mеrlеаu-Pоnty, trіеd tо mаkе sеnsе оf thе vіоlеncе usеd by Stаlіn аs а rоutіnе prаctіcе оf stаtе pоwеr. Thіs wаs а tіmе, іn thе lаtе 1940s, whеn thе truе еxtеnt оf thе hоrrоrs оf thе dеpоrtаtіоns аnd lаbоr cаmps, thе gulаg аrchіpеlаgо, pоlіtіcаl shоw trіаls аnd еxеcutіоns wаs fіrst bеcоmіng knоwn оutsіdе thе USSR. Tеrrоr, іn thіs sеnsе, dіffеrs frоm cоmmоn crіmе, crіmеs аgаіnst humаnіty, wаrfаrе аnd pоvеrty. Thе mаіn dіffеrеncе іs іts еxpеrіеncеd аs cоmplеtеly rаndоm аnd іndіscrіmіnаtе. Thіs іs аn еxpеrіеncе cоmmоn tо thоsе whо lіvеd thrоugh thе аftеrmаth оf thе Frеnch Rеvоlutіоn, whеn thе tеrm tеrrеur wаs fіrst usеd іn thіs sеnsе, аnd аs rеcеntly аs thе іnfаmоus Rеd Tеrrоr оf Cоl. Mеngіstu іn Еthіоpіа. Thе cіtіzеns uncеrtаіnty іs іntеntіоnаlly prоducеd by thе аppаrаtus оf sоcіаl cоntrоl аnd survеіllаncе. А thrеаt іs mаdе tо аppеаr tо lіе cоnstаntly оvеrhеаd іn еvеry аspеct оf dаіly lіfе fоr аny оnе whо іs dіslоyаl. “Thе wаlls hаvе еаrs” аnd cаn dеnоuncе yоu, еvеn frоm wіthіn thе prіvаcy оf yоur bеdrооm. Yоur іnnоcеncе оr guіlt іs nоt rеlеvаnt, nоr аrе аny rеаsоnаblе prеcаutіоns. Yоu cаnnоt mоvе tо а sаfеr cіty, “аwаy frоm thе frоnt lіnе". Yоu cаnnоt sееk chаrіty, dеvеlоpmеnt аssіstаncе, оr jоіn а sеlf-hеlp grоup. Nоthіng cаn prоtеct yоu еxcеpt cоmplеtе, unrеlеntіng аccеptаncе оf еxtеrnаl cоmmаnd аnd аuthоrіty.
1292. The profile of an effective manager
Иностранные языки
1293. The Proverbs Are Children Of Experience (Пословицы - Дети Опыта)
Разное
The Oxford Dictionary of English Proverbs defines a proverb as a sentence that has been developed orally and is still used by the people of a region. It has usually come about from experience, and it is a statement that teaches learning within an experience. The World Book Encyclopedia gives a different explanation of the word: Proverb is a brief saying that presents a truth of some bit of useful wisdom. It is usually based on common sense or practical experience. The effect of a proverb is to make the wisdom it tells seem to be self-evident. The same proverb often occurs among several different peoples, True proverbs are sayings that have been passed from generation to generation, primarily by word of mouth. They may also have been put into written form. The Book of Proverbs In the Hebrew Bible, or Old Testament, is the most notable collection of such sayings. They include:
- Hope deferred makes the heart sick.
- A good name is rather to be chosen than great riches.
- A soft answer turneth away wrath.
- Pride goeth before destriction, and a haughty spirit before a fall.
1294. The Radicalism of the American Revolution
История

Nonetheless, it is important to point out, as progressive ideas extended by means of pamphlets, political tracts and books, the American colonists paid attention to republican ideals and started their questioning of communal and political divisions. The republicanism manifesting itself in accepted colonial society resulted in the final termination of close and strong bonds to the monarchy. Presenting the republicanism of colonial society, Professor Wood disputes that such newly born ideas attained radical significance by providing a perceptive and significant defy to the monarchical system. Though, the author says, the move forwards for independence advanced uncertainly to some extent, it symbolized thus far the culmination of a new social optimism resonating now and then within the colonial population, including also revolutionary leaders themselves that is also very important to state. Wood also pays much attention to the Democracy. He considers that such political phenomenon existed in absolute opposition to the monarchical organization of the society. Despite the fact that democracy brought to the reality many of the ideals proposed by the founding fathers, Professor Wood believes that its ultimate and absolute shape represented a higher grade of equality unexpected and possibly even unpredicted by the revolutionary leaders. However, to make such conclusion randomly is impossible. That is why Wood carries out a comprehensive research on the reorganization of American society that had taken place since the War for Independence. The author also speaks about the developing role of government within the society and the involvement of common people in state affairs. Professor Wood says that it symbolized a radical concept change. According to Wood, American individualism was an inevitable result of the possibility of social mobility. Furthermore, the development of commerce and suspension of conventional relationships serve as the evidence to verify this claim. Consequently, by describing the progression of the young American state, Wood asserts that a radical break was the result not only of the American Revolution, but possibly was achieved trough greater domination of the radical intellectual ideas of the time in the course of development.
1295. The Real Hello World
Компьютеры, программирование

Подучились? ... Понятно, что сперва надо написать загрузочный сектор для нашей мини-опрерационки (а ведь это именно мини-операционка). Поскольку процессор грузится в 16-разрядном режиме, то для созджания загрузочного сектора используется ассемблер и линковщик из пакета bin86. Можно, конечно, поискать еще что-нибудь, но оба наших примера используют именно его и мы тоже пойдет по стопам учителей. Синтаксис этого ассемблера немколько странноватый, совмещающий черты, характерные и для Intel и для AT&T (за подробностями направляйтесь в Linux-Assembly-HOWTO), но после пары недель мучений можно привыкнуть.
1296. The Renaissance
История

Towards the middle of the 16th century common people were already striving for knowledge and the sons of many common citizens managed to get an education. The universities began to breed many learned men who refused to become churchmen and wrote for the stage. These were called the "University Wits", because under the influence of their classical education they wrote after Greek and Latin models. Among the "University Wits" were Christopher Marlowe, Thomas Sackville, John Lyly, George Peele, Roberk Greene, Thomas Kyd and Thqmas Nashe; Christopher Marlowe being the most distinguished of them. The new method of teaching classical literature at the universities was to perform Roman plays in Latin, Later the graduates translated these plays into English and then they wrote plays of their own.
1297. The Renaissance
Разное
1298. The role of art in our life
Литература
1299. The Role of Smallpox Vaccination in Mortality Decline in the Great Britain through Eradicating the Disease
Разное

Late Dr. Gryzanovski noted the strange fascination in numbers: “Not only the mathematician, and the mystic philosopher, but the artists, the physicist, the economist, all feel it alike, and even those who are unable to comprehend the real nature of numbers, have an instinctive appreciation of their conclusiveness”. Below is a good example how numbers can be misleading if used improperly. During an agitation in favor of compulsory vaccination in Germany at the end of 19th century, the learned Professor Kussmaul went into great details by citing the occurrence of 3330 cases of smallpox in Marseilles in 1828. According to the statistics that was presented by him to prove the necessity of mass vaccination, 2289 of the 3330 persons had not been vaccinated. Out of these unvaccinated folks 420 or 18.3 per cent died, whereas the mortality among the vaccinated 1041 was only 17 or 1.7 per cent. At first sight, it seems obvious that vaccinated folks were luckier and through saved lives smallpox vaccination caused an invaluable amount of economic gain, but that is only if we presume that data is correct and calculation is without any fault. But now we have Dr. Lorinsers data on Marseilles population in 1828, and proportion of vaccinated, 133000 and 33000 respectively. And if now we recalculate using the correct denominators, we come up with a completely different picture. In fact, it is the opposite of the initial finding that supported efficacy of the smallpox vaccination. Mortality level among the vaccinated comes up to be 32 per thousand, while mortality level among the unvaccinated is 23 per thousand. This recalculation of the data at hand not only disproves the initial claims of the efficacy of smallpox vaccination, but also shows that it was dangerous. So who is right in this case? Maybe both mens conclusions were wrong, but Dr. Lorinsers statistical methods seem to make more sense. (Gryzanovski, 1906).
1300. The role of television in political processes
Журналистика

This paper will be the continuation of a theoretical discussion about how the communications media have changed the nature of politics into what is known as symbolic politics. I will concentrate on the influence of television on modern political practice. Such focus is determined by the assumption that the audiovisual media have become the main medium, through which symbolic politics is performed and its nature being changed.using the concept of symbolic politics, I will explain the nature of media power and its impact on political system of society, on its character, practices and institutions. By symbolic politics I mean political communication practice that aims at influencing citizens through emotional channels. Symbolic politics campaigns are conducted through mass media, and citizens participate in them as members of the media audience. Thus, the main focus of this paper centers on the inquiry: Is the transformation of symbolic politics harmless for the liberal democratic values and for the development of civic culture in a modern state? The answer to this inquiry is that modern symbolic politics conducted through mass media (mainly television) eventually generates and determines the process through which political life enters the symbolic virtual space of mass media. Such process can constitute a serious danger for democratic values such as political participation and civic culture because citizens, once placed within a symbolic media-political space, become alienated and passive spectators of a political show rather than an active and conscious participants in the political processes.final goal of my work is to emphasize the dangers of new mediated symbolic politics for the democratic political practices. Political spectatorship encouraged by modern symbolic politics through television may essentially contradict the principles of political participation.terms I introduce and will operate in the paper have strict limitations and should be comprehended in this restricted way. By teledemocracy I mean special type of democratic government, adapted to the rules of telediscourse (discourse of television). There are different definitions of teledemocracy and in this study I will apply the notion of teledemocracy that is closer, in its meaning, to telecracy: the power of television and not to the concept of teledemocracy defined as electrification of the implementation of democracy since 1980s (the term refers to remote voting and through that to direct democracy). The term mediacracy stresses the important role of media as the creator of the world image including the world of politics. This definition of mediacracy does not focus on interpretation of mediacracy as increasing consolidation of media outlets in the hands of a few media conglomerates (phenomenon symptomatic for US social life) because this would go beyond the scope of my analysis.the paper consists of two chapters. In the first section Causes, I will explain the concept of symbolic politics and the role of mass communication media in transforming political space. Consequently, in the section Effects, I will focus on the outcomes of the transformation of symbolic politics and talk about the dangers associated with this transformation to liberal democracy.

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