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Perfect continuous tenses (совершенные длительные времена)
They have not been waiting
They had not been waiting
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PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSES (СОВЕРШЕННЫЕ ДЛИТЕЛЬНЫЕ ВРЕМЕНА)


To have been + Participle I


The Present Perfect Continuous Tense употребляется для выражения действия, которое началось в прошлом, продолжалось в течение некоторого времени и все еще продолжается в настоящее время. В этом значении Present Perfect Continuous переводится на русский язык глаголом в настоящем времени:

She has been working here for five years. Она работает здесь пять лет.

(Она начала работать 5 лет тому назад (действие, которое началось в прошлом), проработала уже 5 лет (указание периода времени, в течение которого продолжалось это действие) и продолжает работать в настоящее время.)

при употреблении Present Perfect Continuous всегда указывается или подразумевается период времени, в течение которого действие продолжалось с момента его начала до настоящего времени.


I have been waiting You have been waiting 

He (she, it) has been waiting

We have been waiting

They have been waiting
I have not been waiting You have not been waiting

He (she, it) has not been waiting

We have not been waiting

They have not been waiting
Have I been waiting Have you been waiting

Has he (she, it) been waiting

Have we been waiting

Have they been waiting

Past Perfect Continuous Tense употребляется для выражения прошедшего действия, которое продолжалось в прошлом некоторый период времени, выраженный или подразумеваемый, и закончилось (или могло еще продолжаться) при наступлении второго, более позднего прошедшего действия. Это второе, более позднее прошедшее действие выражается в Past Indefinite.


I had been writing my exercises for two hours when my friend came. Я писал упражнения (прошедшее действие) два часа (указание периода времени), когда пришел мой друг (второе, более позднее прошедшее действие, при наступлении которого первое действие закончилось или могло еще продолжаться).

Past Perfect Continuous употребляется также для выражения действия, которое продолжалось некоторый период времени в прошлом и закончилось (или еще продолжается) к данному моменту в прошлом. При указании данного момента в прошлом употребляется предлог by:

By three o'clock the new pump had been working for two hоurs. К трем часам (указание данного момента в прошлом) насос уже работал (прошедшее действие) два часа (указание прoдолжительности действия).


I had been waiting You had been waiting 

He (she, it) has been waiting

We had been waiting

They had been waiting
I had not been waiting You had not been waiting

He (she, it) had not been waiting

We had not been waiting

They had not been waiting
Had I been waiting

Had you been waiting

Had he (she, it) been waiting

Had we been waiting

Had they had been waiting



Future Perfect Continuous Tense употребляется для выражения будущего действия, которое, начавшись в будущем, будет продолжаться в течение некоторого периода времени до вступления другого, более позднего будущего действия или момента:


Before the new machine is stopped tomorrow morning, it will have been working for three hours. До того как новая машина будет остановлена завтра утром, она будет работать три часа.


I shall have been waiting

You will have been waiting

He (she, it) will have been waiting

We shall have been waiting
I shall not have been waiting

You will not have been waiting

He (she, it) will not have been waiting

We shall not have been waiting
Shall I have been waiting

Will you have been waiting

Will he (she, it) have been waiting

Shall we have been waiting

Present Perfect Continuous обычно употребляются с такими обозначениями времени, как for... minutes (hours, weeks, months, years и т. д.) в течение... минут (часов, недель, месяцев, лет и т. д.); since ... o'clock с ...часов, since yesterday со вчерашнего дня, since 1960 с 1960 г. и т. п.


при употреблении Past Perfect Continuous, как правило, указывается (или подразумевается), сколько времени прошедшее действие продолжалось до наступления другого прошедшего действия или момента в прошлом. Поэтому Past Perfect Continuous обычно употребляется- с такими обозначениями времени, но как for ... hours (days, weeks, months, years и т. д.) в течения ... часов (дней, недель, месяцев, лет и т. д.), since 1960 с I960 года и т. П

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$$$003-009-002$3.3.9.2 Задания или тестовые вопросы для контроля к занятию №9

1-вариант


Упр. 1. Раскройте скобки, употребляя гла­голы в Present Perfect, Present Continuous:

1. The man ………… (stand) outside for hours.

2. The castle …………… (stand) on that hill for 900 years.

3. Ann ……….. (garden) all afternoon. She ……… (plant) a lot of rose bushes.

4. James ………….. (go) out every night this week.

5. He ……………. (see) a lot of paintings recently.

6. I …………….. (wait) long enough. I’m going.

7. How long ………… (you wait)?

8. Her family …………. (farm) this land since the tenth century.

9. She …………. (only farm) for two years, but she is doing very well.

10. I ………….. (learn) German for six years.

11. I ………… (learn) most of the irregular verbs.

12. My mother …………… (do) Christmas shopping all day.


Упр. 2. Раскройте скобки, употребляя гла­голы в Present Perfect Continuous или Past Perfect Continuous.

1. We (wait) _____for Nancy for the last two hours, but she still hasn’t arrived.

2. We (wait) ____for Nancy for over three hours before she finally arrived yesterday.

3. It is midnight. I (study) ____for five straight hours. No wonder I’m getting tired.

4. It was midnight. I (study) ___for five straight hours. No wonder I was getting tired.

5. Jack suddenly realized that the teacher was asking him a question. He couldn’t answer because he (daydream) ______for the last ten minutes.

6. Wake up! You (sleep) ______long enough. It’s time to get up.

7. Professor Owen is working on two articles for National Wildlife Magazine. She (write) ______these articles since Monday.

8. At last the bus came. I (wait) ______for 20 minutes.

9. We were extremely tired at the end of the journey. We (travel) ____for more than 24 hours.

10. I (read) _____the book you lent me but I haven’t finished it yet.


Упр. 3. Раскройте скобки, употребляя гла­голы в требующемся времени.

1. When we (to come) to the station, our train already (to leave), and we (to have) to wait for two hours before another one (to come). 2. I was anx­ious to see the place where I (to spend) my child­hood. 3. Victor asked me to explain the new rule to him, as he (to miss) the previous lesson. 4. John Gray (to visit) Russia in 1989 and (not to be) here since that time. 5. When the train (to stop), I (tolook) out of the window but (not to see) any of my friends there. I (to send) them a telegram and hoped that they (to meet) me. As I (to discover) later, they (to receive) it ten minutes before the train arrived and could not meet me. 6. We were greatly surprised not to find Ann at home. It turned out that her sister (to forget) to give her our message, and Ann (to leave) the house fifteen minutes be­fore we (to come). 7. I decided not to put on my raincoat as it (to stop) raining already and the sun (to shine) brightly. 8. The young people entered the theatre. The performance already (to begin), and they (to have) to wait till the first act (to be) over. Nina never (to be) here before and she (to like) the theatre very much.


Упражнение 4. Прочитайте и переведите текст:


Kazakhstan through the Eyes of Foreign Envoys

Different international conferences, frequent and open discussions between foreign ambassadors to Kazakhstan and government officials have played a significant role in guiding the country’s development over the past 11 years of independence.

Here, in this text you will find much interesting information from the comments of foreign ambassadors on the country’s progress.

Ambassador of Turkey to Kazakhastan, Cinar Aldemir: “The government of Turkey appreciates the accomplishments realized by Kazahstan in every field in the decade after its independence.

Turkey was the first country to recognize the country’s independenceon December 16, 1991. he common cultural and historical ties and affinities are not the only features that bring the two countries closer; there are other unifying characteristics as well. Turkey and Kazakhstan, with their secular, democratic and modern state structures and market-oriented economies, are global on the Eurasian continent. During the past 10 years, Turkey and Kazakhstan have had intense and institutional relations and cooperation in every field, serving the mutual interests of the countries. The most outstanding part of these relations can be seen in economic field. The contribution of Turkish entrepreneurs to the flourishing Kazakhstan economy is visible in the daily life of the people, ranging from telecommunications to the food industry, hotel, management, construction, banking and shopping centers. At present there are around 300 Turkish – Kazakhstani join ventures and some 200 Turkish companies actively involved in various sectors of the economy vigorously contributing to the economic development in Kazakhstan. The bilateral trade volume between the two countries has amounted to nearly $500 million compared with a very modest figure of $ 30 million in 1992.


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$$$003-010-000$3.3.10 Название тема практического занятия №10

The PASSIVE VOICE

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$$$003-010-001$3.3.10.1 Методические указания к практическому занятию №10:

Студент должен усвоить тему страдательный залог по рекомендованному учебнику и выполнить задания данного раздела.

Цель занятия:

1. Углубить и систематизировать знания студентов о пассивном залоге.

2. Развитие умений составления вопросов и умений пользоваться англоязычными поисковыми системами.