Смагулова Айзат Есказыевна-филолог, преподаватель; преподаватель кафедры теории и практики перевода &&&& ###000-002# Содержание Типовая программа

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Отличие герундия от отглагольного существительного
Ответьте на вопросы
Anything 24 Choose the correct form of the pronoun: … of the shops in the city have you visited? A) which
B) something
There is a car
Be careful! He is looking at …

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1 ... 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17

Отличие герундия от отглагольного существительного

Отглагольное существительное (The Verbal Noun) - это существительное, образованное от глагола путем прибавления суффикса -ing к основе глагола:

to read -> reading чтение,
to begin -> beginning начало,
to melt -> melting плавление, таяние,
to come -> coming приход и т. д.

Правила образования отглагольного существительного такие же, как правила образования причастия.

Отглагольное существительное обычно переводится существительным.

Отглагольное существительное отличается от герундия тем, что, в то время как герундий имеет свойства как имени существительного, так и глагола, отглагольное существительное, являясь обычным существительным, обладает лишь чисто именными свойствами: имеет перед собою артикль, форму множественного числа, может употребляться с указательным или неопределенным местоимением, определяется прилагательным или причастием и принимает предложное дополнение (обычно существительное с предлогом of). Герундий же не может иметь артикля, формы множественного числа, определяется не прилагательным, а наречием, принимает прямое дополнение, а не предложное и, кроме того, имеет формы времени и залога.

Примеры на отглагольное существительное:

They watched his comings and goings -- Они наблюдали, как он, приходил и уходил (букв. его приходы и уходы).
The melting of copper, iron, and cast iron requires а very high temperature-- Плавление меди, железа и чугуна требует очень, высокой температуры.
At the continued heating of a solid body the movement of its molecules becomes still faster -- При длительном нагревании твердого тела движение его молекул становится еще больше.

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$$$003-015-002$3.3.15.2 Задания или тестовые вопросы контроля к занятию №15

вариант

Упр. 1. Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на герундий.

1. Have you finished writing? 2. Taking a cold shower in the morning is very useful. 3. I like skiing, but my sister prefers skating. 4. She likes sitting in the sun. 5. It looks like raining. 6. My watch wants repairing. 7. Thank you for coming. 8. I had no hope of getting an answer before the end of the month. 9.1 had the pleasure of dancing with her the whole evening. 10. Let's go boating. 11. He talked without stopping. 12. Some people can walk all day without feeling tired. 13. Living in little stuffy rooms means breathing poisonous air. 14. Iron is found by digging in the earth. 15. There are two ways of getting sugar: one from beet and the other from sugar-cane. 16. Jane Eyre was fond of reading. 17. Miss Trotwood was in the habit of asking Mr. Dick his opinion.

Упр. 2. Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на герундий.

1. I avoided speaking to them about that matter. 2. She burst out crying. 3. They burst out laughing. 4. She denied having been at home that evening. 5. He enjoyed talking of the pleasures of travelling. 6. Excuse my leaving you at such a moment. 7. Please forgive my interfering. 8. He gave up smoking a few years ago. 9. They went on talking. 10. He keeps insisting on my going to the south. 11. Oh please do stop laughing at him. 12. Do you mind my asking you a difficult question? 13. Would you mind coming again in a day or two? 14. I don't mind wearing this dress. 15. She could not help smiling. 16. I cannot put off doing this translation. 17. Though David was tired, he went on walking in the direction of Dover.

Упр. 3. Раскройте скобки, употребляя требующуюся форму герундия.

1. Excuse me for (to break) your beautiful vase. 2. You never mentioned (to be) to Greece. 3. She was proud of (to award) the cup of a champion. 4. I don't remember ever (to meet) your sister. 5. I don't remember (to ask) this question by anybody. 6. The cat was punished for (to break) the cup. 7. The cat was afraid of (to punish) and hid itself under the sofa.

Упражнение 4. Прочитайте и переведите текст:

Text: United States dollar

The U.S. dollar uses the decimal , consisting of 100 equal cents (symbol ¢). In another division, there are 1,000 mills or en dimes to a dollar; additionally, the term eagle was used in the Coinage Act of 1792 for the denomination of ten dollars, and subsequently was used in naming gold coins. In the second half of the 19^th century there were occasional discussions of creating a $50 gold coin, which was referred to as a “Half Union,” thus implying a denomination of 1 Union = $100. However, only cents are in every day use as divisions of the dollar; “dime” is used solely as the name of the coin with the value of 10¢, while “eagle” and “mill” are largely unknown to the general public, though mills are sometimes used in matters of tax levies and gasoline prices.

When currently issued in circulating form, denominations equal to or less than a dollar are emitted as U.S. coins while denominations to or greater than a dollar are emitted as Federal Reserve notes (with exception of gold, silver and platinum coins valued up to $100 as legal tender, but worth far more than billion). Both one-dollar coins and notes are produced today, although the note form is significantly more common. In the Past, paper money was occasionally issued in denominations less than a dollar (fractional currency) and gold coins were issued for circulation up to the value of 20 dollars.

U.S. coins are produced by the United States Mint. U.S. dollar banknotes are printed by the Bureau of Engraving and Printing, and, since 1914, have been issued by the Federal Reserve. The “large-sized notes” issued before 1928 measured 7.42 inches by 3.125; small-sized notes, introduced that year, measure 6.14 inches by 2.61 inches.

Notes above the $100 denomination ceased being printed in 1946 and were officially withdrawn from circulation in 1969. These notes were used primarily in inter-bank transactions or by organized crime; it was the latter usage that prompted President Richard Nixon to issue an executive order in 1969 halting their use. With the advent of electronic banking, they became less necessary. Notes in denominations of $500, $1.000, $5.000, $10.000 and $100.000 were all produced at one time.

2-вариант

Упр. 1. Переведите на английский язык, употребляя герундий.

Наконец они перестали смеяться. 2. Она отрицала, что украла деньги. 3. Давайте отложим поездку на дачу до следующей субботы. 4. Простите, что я потерял вашу ручку. 5. Когда она кончит писать сочинение? 6. Я не возражаю против того, чтобы остаться дома и поработать над моим переводом.

Упр. 2. Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на герундий.

They accuse him of having robbed the house. 2. He never agreed to their going on that dangerous voyage. 3. He did not approve of her drinking so much coffee. 4. The teacher of mathematics did not approve of his pupils dreaming. 5. All the happiness of my life depends on your loving me. 6. I don't feel like seeing him. 7. I insist on being told the truth. 8. I object to his borrowing money from you. 9. I stretched out my hand to prevent her from falling. 10. My friend succeeded in translating this difficult text.

Упр. 3. Раскройте скобки, употребляя требующуюся форму герундия.

8. The machine needs (to clean).¹9. I am quite serious in (to say) that I don't want to go abroad. 10. He seemed sorry for (to be) inattentive to his child. 11. She confessed to (to forget) to send the letter. 12. The old man could not stand (to tell) what he should do. 13. Going to the party was no use: he had no talent for (to dance).

14. The Bronze Horseman is worth (to see).15. After thoroughly (to examine) the student, the professor gave him a satisfactory mark

Упражнение 4. Прочитайте и переведите текст:

Money markets in Great Britain.

The stock Exchange of the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland was formed in 1973. The main trading operations are being performed in London, but the Stock Exchange also has centers in Birmingham, Liverpool, Belfast, Bristol, Leeds, Manchester, Newcastle, Glasgow and Dublin. The major functions of the Stock Exchange are:

A provides a market where investors can buy and sell securities;

It helps to ensure that the price of a deal is fair;

The companies and others who wish to raise capital it can easily do so at the ready secondary markets;

The investors’ short term savings are pooled to meet long term needs- for finance from companies, the government and other organizations.

The most important way of raising long term capital is by issuing shares. Shares often are referred to as shares, the whole procedure being called of finance. Companies may also issue debentures which make up long term debt. The issue of government stock which is taken up by the public, financial institutions and other firms provides for long term government finance.

On 27 October 1986 the capital market underwent revolutionary changes known since then as the “Big Band”. It admitted “outsiders” to the Stock Exchange which had been limited to stockbrokers and stock jobbers. The “Big Band” allowed banks and other institutions to acquire their own securities businesses. It also introduced the idea of “dual capacity”. Before that a member firm could only be a broker acting as agent of clients and trading on a commission basis or a jobber buying and selling shares as a principal “on his own book”. It could not be both. After the “Big Band” a member can be:

A market marker who acts as a jobber;

An agency broker, who trades securities on commission;

A Dealer/broker (one firm combine the function of market and agency brokerage at the same time);

The Big Band led to bigger markets and higher profits in Great Britain’s financial industry.

Ответьте на вопросы:

What are the major functions of the stock exchange?

What is the most important way of rising long term capital?

What does the “Big Bang” means?

When was the Stock Exchange of the UK and the Republic of Ireland formed?

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$$$004-000-000$3.4 Лабораторный практикум

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$$$004-007-001$3.4.7.1 Методические указания к лабораторному занятию №7

{Цель занятия, методические указания к выполнению лабораторного занятия}

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$$$005-000-000$3.5 Контрольная работа

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$$$005-001-000$3.5.1 Методические указания

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$$$006-000-000$3.6 Курсовая работа

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$$$006-001-000$3.6.1 Методические указания

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$$$006-001-001$3.6.2 Темы курсовых работ

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$$$007-000-000$3.7 Блок контроля знаний

Для контроля знаний нужно выполнить данные тесты.

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$$$007-001-000$3.7.1 Тесты для 1 рубежного контроля

1 Make a plural form:

A woman

A) womans

B) woman

C) men

D) womens

E) women

2Make a plural form:

A day

A) dais

B) dayes

C) days

D) a days

E) the daies

3Make a plural form :

A knife

A) knifes

B) the knives

C) -

D) knives

E) knives’

4 Make a plural form:

A goose

A) geese

B) gooses

C) geeses

D) geethes

E) -

5 Find the noun having the same form in plural and singular:

A) a sheep

B) a woman

C) a mouse

D) a child

E) a map

6 Find the noun having the same form in plural and singular:

A) a goose

B) an ox

C) a swine

D) a flag

E) -

7 Find the noun having the same form in plural and singular:

A) a watch

B) a foot

C) a car

D) a tooth

E) a deer

8 Find the plural form of the following word combination:

There is a car

A) There are cars

B) These cars

C) Those cars

D) They are cars

E) This cars

9 Find the plural form of the following word combination:

This stamp

A) These stamps

B) Those stamps

C) There are stamps

D) They are stamps

E) This stamps

10 Choose the right variant of the article:

What’s … weather like today? - … weather is fine.

A) a, the

B) the, a,

C) -, the

D) the, -

E) the, the

11 Choose the right variant of the article:

… Earth is … planet.

A) the, a

B) an, a

C) the, -

D) -, a

E) -, the

12 Choose the right variant of the article:

We had … English lesson yesterday. … teacher asked me many … questions.

A) -, the, -

B) the, the, the

C) the, -, a

D) -, -, the

E) an, the, a

13 Choose the right variant of the article:

There is … big tree in … garden.

A) the, a

B) an, the

C) a, the

D) - , the

E) an, -

14 Choose the right variant of the article:

I can see … nice little bird. … bird is sitting in … big tree.

A) a, the, the

B) -, the, -

C) the, a, a

D) a, the , a

E) a, a, a

15 Choose the right variant of the article:

My brother is … pupil. He goes to … school. He goes to … school in … morning.

A) a, -, - ,the

B) the, a, -, a

C) -, the, an, a

D) an, the, a, -

E) the, -, the, a

16 Choose the correct answer:

The pen … on the table.

A. were

B. weren’t

C. is

D. am

E. are

17 Choose the correct answer:

They … a comfortable flat last year.

A. has

B. have

C. had

D. haven’t

E. do

18 Choose the correct answer:

He … a good library.

A. have

B. has

C. haven’t

D. does

E. did

19 Choose the correct answer:

Vera … a cat

A. haven’t

B. has

C. have

D. do

E. does

20 Choose the correct answer:

The students … new dictionaries

A. have

B. don’t

C. has

D. doesn’t’

E. hasn’t

21 Choose the correct answer:

I … many stamps last year.

A. has

B. have

C. had

D. haven’t

E. hasn’t

22 Choose the correct form of the pronoun:

The film … we saw last night was very boring.

that
who
whom
any
how

23 Choose the correct form of the pronoun:

Have you got … new clothes?

No

Any

Some

Something

Anything

24 Choose the correct form of the pronoun:

… of the shops in the city have you visited?

A) which

B) that

C) how

D) what

E) who

25 Choose the correct form of the pronoun:

… are you late again? – Because I’ve had an accident.

A) why

B) whose

C) where

D) how

E) whom

26 Choose the correct form of the pronoun:

I have bought … interesting for you.

A) anything

B) something

C) nothing

D) any

E) no

28 Choose the correct form of the pronoun:

There are … deer in the forest.

A) some

B) nothing

C) any

D) anyone

E ) someone

29 Fill in the gap with the correct answer:

This encyclopedia costs ________ the other one.

a) twice as much as

b) twice more than

c) twice as many as

d) more

e) much

30 Choose the correct answer:

What is your mother like?

a) sailing and swimming

b) dancing

c) kind and pretty

d) cooking

e) helping people

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$$$007-001-001$3.7.2 Тесты для 2 рубежного контроля

1 Find the noun having the same form in plural and singular:

A) a sheep

B) a woman

C) a mouse

D) a child

E) a map

2 Find the noun having the same form in plural and singular:

A) a goose

B) an ox

C) a swine

D) a flag

E) –

3 Choose the plural form of the following word combination:

There is a car

A) There are cars

B) These cars

C) Those cars

D) They are cars

E) This cars

4 Choose the plural form of the following word combination:

This stamp

A) These stamps

B) Those stamps

C) There are stamps

D) They are stamps

E) This stamps

5 Put the right variant of the article:

I can see … nice little bird. … bird is sitting in … big tree.

A) a, the, the

B) -, the, -

C) the, a, a

D) a, the , a

E) a, a, a

6 Put the right variant of the article:

My brother is … pupil. He goes to … school. He goes to … school in … morning.

A) a, -, - ,the

B) the, a, -, a

C) -, the, an, a

D) an, the, a, -

E) the, -, the, a

7 Find the right variant

Be careful! He is looking at …

A) you

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