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Е. Е. Израилевич Практическая грамматика английского языка с упражнениями и ключами юнвес лист москва 1998 бкк 81 англ. К12 isbn 5-88682-003-5 ббк -81 f тоо «юнвес» 1998 г. Предисловие задача

Вид материалаЗадача

Содержание


1. Do you mind my closing the window?
1. While crossing the bridge, we saw D. talking with an old man. Переходя мост, мы увидели товарища Д, разговаривавшего с каким-
1. I want to read this book as my friend who has read it says that it is very interesting. 2. I asked a
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1. The weather is likely to change. 2. He is unlikely (or: He is not likely) to come here. 3. This question is very likely to be discussed at the meeting to-day. 4. Бе is sure (or: certain) to come in time. 5. The goods are Ukely to be delivered without delay. 6. They are sure (or: certain) to agree to take part in this work.

524 Обзорные упражнения к §§ 190—194

1. Известно, что товары, проданные по контракту № 25, были отгружены 15-го мая пароходом «Краснодон». 2. Остальная часть товаров, проданная по контракту, будет, вероятно, отгружена в первой пол­овине сентября. 3. Сообщается, что около 500 ООО сталелитейных рабочих США при­няли участие в забастовке I октября. 4. С древних времен известно, что нефть существует в Азербайджане. 5. Груз, ка­жется, не был поврежден бурей. 6. Счи­тают, что это изобретение имеет большое значение в судостроении. 7. Переговоры будут, вероятно, продолжаться до суббо­ты. 8. Сообщают, что груз этого парохода состоит из 3.000 тонн пшеницы и 2.000 тонн ячменя. 9. Пароход, который, как полагают, приближается к Стамбулу, при­будет, наверно (или: непременно), в Одес­су в конце этой недели. 10. Имеются сведения, что стороны достигли соглаше­ния. 11. Сообщают, что стороны рассмат­ривают вопрос о продлении соглашения на шесть месяцев. 12. Сообщается, что потери сталелитейной промышленности США от забастовки в октябре — ноябре составили 10 миллионов тонн стали. 13. Залежи марганцевой руды в Чиатури, которые, как известно, являются самыми богатыми в мире, снабжают, советскую металлургическую промышленность вы­сокосортной марганцевой рудой. 14. В озеро Байкал, которое, как говорят, явля­ется самым глубоким озером в мире, вливается 336 рек. 15. Цены на хлеб в Англии, которые, как сообщается, начали действовать с 21 сентября, сразу же после девальвации фунта стерлинга, значитель­но возросли по сравнению со старыми ценами, 16. Представители обеих сторон находятся, по-видимому, на грани дости­жения соглашения по двум важным пун­ктам.

524 1. Lomonosov is known to have been the

greatest scientist of his time. 2. The delega­tion is expected to arrive to-morrow. 3. They are likely to return next week. 4. He is unlikely (or: He is not likely) to take part in this work. 5. He seems to be a very honest man. 6. She appears to have forgotten her promise. 7. He is said to have written a very good play. 8. He appears to have lost our address. 9. This agreement is likely to be concluded in the near future. 10. T happened to be in the office when he came. 11. The expedition is reported to have returned to Leningrad. 12. He proved to be one of the cleverest students at our Institute. 13. He appears to be tired. 14. The negotiations are said to be (or to have been) completed already. 15. I happen to know about it.
                  1. I happened to be at home when he called.
                  1. Somebody seems to be knocking. 18. He is known to be one of the best specialists in heart diseases. 19. He is sure (or: certain) to enjoy this trip. 20. He proved to be right. 21. This question is unlikely (or: is not Ukely) to be discessed at the meeting. 22. They are sure (on certain) to help us. 23. Ivanov is considered to be the best engineer at that factory. 24. The lecture is sure (or: certain) to be interesting.


525 Упражнение к § 195


1. ... payment to be made in cash in exchange for the bill of lading and insurance policy. Иностранной компании продан груз в 5.000 тонн пшеницы, причем платеж должен быть произведен наличными в обмен на коносамент и страховой полис. 2. ... the lay days at the port of loading not to commence before October 20. Продавцы зафрахтовали судно для перевозки това­ров, причем сталийное время в порту погрузки не должно начинаться до 20-го октября. 3. ... the goods to be shipped in two parcels. По контракту, Датированному 15-м августа 1956 г., А. продал Б. некото­рое количество леса, причем товар должен быть отгружен двумя партиями. 4. ... such payment to be made without prejudice to the buyer's rights under the contract. Продавец должен обеспечить документы, дающие право покупателю получить поставку зер­на, и платеж должен быть произведен в обмен на такие документы, причем такой платеж должен быть произведен без ущер­ба для прав покупателя, предусмотренных в контракте.


ГЕРУНДИЙ

525 Упражнения к §§ 202-211

1. ... laughing; telling them about it, etc. 2. ... reading; doing this work, etc. 3. ... saying atything; looking at us, etc. 4. .. finding him; getting the necessary informa­tion, etc. 5. ... going there; finishing her work in time, etc. 6. ... smoking; going to bed late, etc. 7. ... going home; doing his homework, etc. 8. ... bathing after sundet; sitting in the sun, etc. 9. ... going to bed; leaving home, etc. 10. ... spending his holiday in the south; taking part in this work, etc. 11. ... reading aloud; walking, etc. 12. ... swimming (or: to swim); riding (or: to ride) a bicycle, etc. 13. ... smoking (or: to smoke) at the age of eighteen; working (or. to work) at this factory two years ago, etc. 14. ... bathing in the sea; going to the theatre, etc. 15. ... reading this book?; doing it, etc. 17. ... being (or: to be5) his pupil; being praised (or: to be praised) by my teacher, etc. 18. ... reading the newspaper; finishing his work, etc. 19. ... selling timber; producing machine-tools, etc. 20. ... seeing (or: to see) this film; reading (or: to re­ad) this novel, etc. 21. ... talking; playing, etc. 22. ... being late; leaving the door open, etc.

23. ... looking through the morning corre­spondence; writing a letter, etc. 24. ... getting this information to-night; seeing them soon, etc. 25. ... translating this article into Russian; giving me this handbook, etc. 26. ... smiling; saying anything, etc. 27. ... going to the office; beginning my homework, etc. 28. ... bathing (or: to bathe); going out (or: to go out), etc. 20. ... reading aloud every day; working hard at phonetics, etc. 30. ... telling (or: to tell) the story; reading (or: to read) the tale, etc. 31. ... going there alone; participat­ing in this work, etc. 32. ... collecting the material for his new book; working at this subject, etc. 33. ... working (or: to work) at his new invention; investigating (or: to investi­gate) this question, etc. 34. ... seeing her; meeting us, etc. 35. ... breaking (or: having broken) the machine; misinforming (or: hav­ing misinformed) them, etc. 36. ... helping us; giving us this information, etc. 37. ... buying (or: to buy) this television set; spending (or: to spend) so much time on chess, etc. 38. ... staying here any longer; doing in, etc. 39. ... reading the newspaper, telling us the story, etc.

1. of staying. 2. on helping. 3. of playing. 4. in teaching. 5. of finding. 6. of seeing. 7. of sending. 8. of going. 9. of catching cold. 10. of having. 11. from coming. 12. in writing. 13. in finding.


1. On receiving the telegram... 2. ... by observing these rules. 3. On entering the room... 4. After sitting there a few minutes...

5. In copying the text. ... 6. ... for having been stopped (or: for being stopped) in time. 7. ... having read (or: reading) this book. 8. After trying all the keys on the ring. ... 9. ... of never having been beaten at chess by his fellow students. 10. ... ever having come across (or: ever coming across) his na­me before. 11. ... of having been injured. 12. ... by reading more.

526 1. I have no hope of seeing him soon.

2. The idea of spending our hoUdays on the Volga belongs to my brother. 3. You can improve your pronunciation by reading aloud every day. 4. I shall not be able to translate this document without looking up a few words in the dictionary. 5. I think of going there in the autumn. 6. I shall write down your telephone number as I am afraid of forgetting it. 7. 1 remember being asked (or: having been asked) about it. 8. The doctor told her to avoid sitting in the sun. 9. I shall call on you before leaving Moscow. 10. On coming home 1 began to work at once. 11. I thanked him for buying (or: having bought) me such interesting books. 12. He under­stands the importance of learning foreign languages. 13. He was busy translating an article when 1 came. 14. He is used to getting up early. 15. The rain prevented me from calling on you yesterday. 16. He is not capable of doing such a thing. 17. He came into the room without knocking. 18. He switched off the light before leaving the room.
                  1. After finishing his work he went to bed.
                  1. On receiving the telegram I rang the
                  1. director up immediately. 21. He was given an award for saving (or: having saved) the life of his comrade. 22. In planning your work for next month you should take this into consid­eration. 23. I felt great satisfaction in doing this work. 24. There are special ships for transporting timber. 25. He expressed great surprise at hearing it. 26. There is no sense in doing this work now. 27. In correcting your dictations I found very few mistakes. 28. She was angry with him for losing (or: having lost) her dictionary. 29. I prefer living in the north in summer. 30. He is very fond of playing football. 31. You should stop bathing in the sea, as the weather has become very cold. 32. I must finish this work before going home. 33. You helped me greatly by giving me your notes. 34. I can't go there without telling him about it. 35. I had the pleasure of making your father's acquaintance the other day. 36. He has a bad habit of smoking before breakfast. 37. You have no reason for saying it. 38. We could not help laughing when we heard it. 39. He decided to send her a letter by air mail instead of sending a telegram. 40. Go on telling your story. 41. My son very much likes being told about sea voyages. 42. I shall close the window, as I am afraid of catching cold. 43. Stop talking. 44. Instead of going by tram they walked and were late for the concert. 45. Did you succeed in finding her address? 46. Is it worth while reading this book? (or: Is this worth read­ing?). 47. He succeeded in finishing his work in time. 48. They have just finished loading the steamer. 49. I put off reading this un­pleasant letter to the last moment. 50. I thanked him for helping (or: having helped) us. 51. I have no intention of going to the south this summer. 52. There is no chance of getting a theatre ticket to-day. 53. After spending a month in Moscow he went to Leningrad. 54. It is worth while seeing this film (or: This film is worth seeing). 55. I have no objections to going there to-day. 56. It is useless [or: It is (of) no use; It is no good] going there now. 57. I am for sending them a telegram at once. 58. This work is far from being easy. 59. He is against informing them of it now. 60. I remember meeting (or: having met) him somewhere. 61. She left the room without looking at us. 62. I am thankful to you for answering (or: having answered) my letter so quickly.


526 Упражнения к §§ 212—213


1. Do you mind my closing the window?
                  1. The doctor insisted on my staying at home.
                  1. Will you object to my smoking here?
                  1. There is a probability of his being appoint­ed chief engineer at our plant. 5. There is no chance of their calling on us to-night. 6. There is no possibility of our seeing him this week. 7. There is no hope of your receiving a letter from him soon. 8. We were informed of the ship having arrived at the port (or: in port). 9. You will excuse my asking you again. 10. We insisted on his coming with us. 11. Would you mind his coming to your lecture? 12. I have heard of
                  1. your son's having been awarded the Order of the Red Banner. 13. There is no fear of my forgetting.

1. I heard of his having been appointed director at a big factory. 2. I have no objections to their coming here. 3. They informed us of the cargo having been insured. 4. I remember his having told (or: his telling) me about it a few days ago. 5. T was very much disappointed at their refusing (or: their having refused) to help me. 6. I insist on your answering them immediately. 7.1 heard of his being sent to the south. 8. Excuse my not having rung you up (or: my not ringing you up) yesterday. 9. You can depend on his giving you exact information. 10. There is no hope of his finishing his work by the evening. 11. Do you mind my reading this story aloud? 12. My teacher insists on my reading aloud every day. 13. Do you mind my smoking here? 14. We insisted on their beginning the negotiations immediately. 15. He objects to the meeting being fixed for Monday. 16. Do you mind his calling on you to-day? 17. The doctor insists on his spend­ing the autumn in the south. 18. He is responsible for the work being finished in time. 19. He insisted on the matter being referred to arbitration.

Упражнение к § 214

A. 1. Буря помешала судну придти в порт вовремя. 2. Есть ли у вас средство помочь ему теперь? 3. Он не любил, когда ему читают. 4. Будьте осторожны, перехо­дя улицу (или: при переходе улицы). 5. Это помешало отослать письмо (Это помешало тому, чтобы письмо было отослано). 6. Она была совсем разочаро­вана, не увидев их там опять. 7. Плыть против течения было трудным и опасным делом. 8. То, что вообще стоит делать, стоит делать хорошо. 9. Он получал удо­вольствие от того, что спал на открытом воздухе. 10. Проспав около часа, он был разбужен сильным шумом. 11. Я не люб­лю занимать (или: брать взаймы) вещи (у людей). 12. Перед тем как подписать контракт, он хотел получить одобрение председателя. 13. Не было возможности найти судно требуемого размера. 14. Про­давцам сообщили о важности подготовки товаров к немедленной отгрузке. 15. По получении распоряжений фрахтователя, он сообщил их капитану судна. 16. Перед отплытием капитан получил распоряже­ние взять бункерный уголь в Одессе. 17. Пароход пошел в Одессу для некото­рого ремонта, перед тем как следовать в порт погрузки. 18. Пароход вышел из порта, не взяв на борт достаточного коли­чества бункерного угля. 19. Арбитры со­чли, что судовладельцы не проявили до­лжной заботливости, допустив, чтобы па­роход вышел из порта без достаточного количества бункерного угля. 20. Пройдя Панамский канал, капитан обнаружил, что у него не осталось достаточного коли­чества угля, чтобы он смог дойти до порта разгрузки, и он соответственно изменил

свой курс, чтобы достать уголь в одном из портов Ямайки. 21. Стоимость возмеще­ния убытков, понесенных судном из-за того, что оно было затерто льдами, оцени­вается в 4.000 рублей. 22. Фабрика расши­ряется для увеличения производства.

Б. 1. Есть вероятность, что Петрова пошлют в Ленинград. 2. То, что мы его встретили там, явилось приятным сюр­призом. 3. Она написала письмо без мо­его ведома. 4. Нет оправдания тому, что он сделал такую вещь. 5. Я не слышал о том, что ему предложили должность ди­ректора новой фабрики. 6. Тот факт, что они ушли до конца концерта, привлек внимание. 7. Мы настаивали на том, чтобы товар был упакован в двойные мешки. 8. Мы возражали против того, чтобы руда была погружена навалом. 9. Они сообщили нам о том, что судно вышло из порта. 10. Мы слышали о том, что было достигнуто соглашение. 11. Вы можете положиться на то, что они тща­тельно выполнят заказ. 12. Покупатели не имели права передавать свои права и обязательства по контракту (или: обуслов­ленные контрактом) без предварительного согласия продавцов. 13. Мало вероятия в том, что товары останутся непроданными после 15-го сентября. 14. Убытки яви­лись результатом того, что судну поме­шали взять полный груз. 15. Завод сообщил покупателям, что машина может быть отправлена в августе при условии, если завод получит заказ в течение 15 дней со дня отправки письма. 16. В случае, если судно будет задержано свыше срока, предусмотренного в чартер-пар­тии, фрахтователи должны уплатить судо­владельцам контрсталийные деньги (т. е. уплатить за простой). 17. Если после прибытия судна в порт погрузки будет существовать опасность, что судно будет затерто льдами, капитан будет иметь пра­во выйти из порта без груза. 18. В случае, если пароход будет направлен в три порта разгрузки, фрахтовая ставка будет увели­чена на один шиллинг за тонну. 19. В случае, если будет произведено больше одной отгрузки, каждая отгрузка должна рассматриваться как отдельный договор (т. е. как отгрузка по отдельному догово­ру)-


ПРИЧАСТИЕ


528 Упражнение к § 217

stopping, stopped; cutting, cut; forgetting, forgotten; beginning, begun; chartering, char­tered; studying, studied; opening, opened; playing, played; writing, written; giving, giv­en; tieing, tied.


* Здесь даются только основные способы перевода Present Participle Active на русский язык. Напоминаем, что Present Participle также иногда переводится на русский язык причастием прошедшего времени (спрашивавший) и деепричастием совершенного вида (спросив).

Упражнения к §§ 218—234

1. While crossing the bridge, we saw D. talking with an old man. Переходя мост, мы увидели товарища Д, разговаривавшего с каким-то стариком. 2. Being very tired, we

refused to go for a walk. Будучи очень усталыми, мы отказались идти гулять.
                  1. Having been climbed the mountains the summer before the boys understood the diffi­culties. Взбираясь в горы прошлоым ле­том, мальчики поняли как это трудно.
                  1. A large branch, broken by the wind, lay across the road. Большая ветка, сломанная ветром, лежала поперек дороги. 5. At а conference of the Academy of Sciences being held in Moscow, a number of important scientific problem are being discussed. Ha конференции Академии наук, организо­ванной в Москве, обсуждался ряд важных научных проблем. 6. Being crossed the bridge he saw a small village which was situated at the foot of a hill. Переходя no мосту, он увидел маленькую деревню, рас­положенную у подножья холма. 7. Г11 show you the article written by my brother. Я покажу вам статью, написанную моим братом. 8. Having been taught English by a good teacher, he knew the English language well. Обучившись английскому у хорошего учителя, он хорошо знал английский. 9. Being hidden, by a cloud' the moon was invisible. Скрывшись за облаками, луна была не видна. 10. Having been warned that the river was rising rapidly, they turned back. Предупрежденные о быстром поднятии уровня воды в реке, они повернули обрат­но.

1. Человек, приносящий хорошие из­вестия, всегда является желанным. ... bring­ing good news. ... =... who brings good news. ... 2. Катаясь вчера на коньках, он упал и ушибся. While skating yesterday...=...While he was skating yesterday. ... 4. Она провела путешественников в комнату, заброниро­ванную для них. ... reserved for them=... which had been reserved for them. 6. Мост, захваченный неприятелем накануне, был снова взят нашими войсками. ... seized by the enemy the day before...= which had been seized by the enemy the day before. ... 7. Составляя телеграмму, мы должны упот­реблять как можно меньше слов. When writing a telegram...-When we write a tele­gram. ... 10. Листья, лежавшие на земле, напоминали нам об осени. ... lying on the ground...=which were lying on the ground. ... 11. Книги, прочитанные в детстве, ка­жутся старыми друзьями. ... read in childhood... =which are read in childhood...

1. I haven't yet looked through all the magazines sent to us from Leningrad. 2. The machines ordered from the Leningrad factory will arrive in a few days. 3. I have already corrected all the compositions written by the students in (or: of) my group. 4. Show me the list of students learning English. 5. All the students taking part in this work must come to the Institute at six o'clock to-night. 6. Having such a good dictionary you can translate this article easily. 7. While crossing the bridge, I met Comrade D. 8. You should be very attentive when playing chess. 9. Being very tired, I decided to stay at home. 10. The captain stood on deck, giving orders to the sailors. 11. We sat in the garden for a long time, speaking about our trip to the south. 12. Having lived a few years in Poland, he knew polish very well. 13. Having won 1000 Rbls., he bought a new receiver. 14. Having collected all the material he needed, he started to write an article. 15. Having passed all the examinations,-he went to a village. 16. Having finished all work they could have a rest. 17. The ship chartered for the trans­portation of these goods will arrive to the seaport tomorrow. 18. He showed us a list of the goods exported by this firm. 19. Having returned from the expedition, he made a very interesting report. 20. Translating an article we used a dictionary. 21. Waiting for a tram, I saw Mr. A. 22. The goods passed through a customs examination were placed in a warehouse. 23. The railway line connecting this village with the town was built last year. 24. Books published for children are usually very well illustrated.

529 Упражнение к § 237

1. I want to read this book as my friend who has read it says that it is very interesting. 2. I asked a (or: the) young man reading a newspaper what the time was. 3. The picture hanging in the hall attracted my attention. 4. The picture which hung here last year is in a museum now. 5. Yesterday I spoke to an engineer who worked at the Leningrad port a few years ago. 6. The boy working in the garden didn't see me come up to him. 7. The students who translated this article say that it is very difficult. 8. The students who were translating an economical article on the ex­amination were allowed to use a dictionary. 9. He didn't notice the letter lying on the table. 10. The scientist who wrote this article will give a lecture at our Institute. 11. All the students who had received an invitation to this lecture attended it. 12. I was told that the woman sitting in the corridor was waiting for the director.