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1021. Introducere
Информация пополнение в коллекции 09.12.2008

Functiile dreptului comparat nu pot fi disociate de functiile generale ale Teoriei dreptului (cognitiva, critica, practic-aplicativa). Comparatia ajuta esential la construirea tipologiilor juridice si clasificarilor, în procesul de legiferare, metoda comparativa are, de asemenea, o importanta majora, ea furnizând informatii pretioase legiuitorului, în legatura cu reglementarile cuprinse în alte sisteme de drept sau în documente juridice internationale. Prin studiul comparat al diferitelor institutii juridice nationale se desprind factorii se determina atât trasaturile lor comune cât si cele specifice. Combatând în principiu preluarea mecanica a unor institutii si reglementari juridice dintr-o tara la alta, ca si considerarea unora drept modele de urmat în alte tari, metoda comparata arata calea realista de folosire a experientei legislative si juridice, îmbogatirea reciproca a sistemelor juridice din diferite tari stiut fiindca orice reglementare juridica trebuie sa izvorasca si sa raspunda în primul rând nevoilor nationale, specificului si particularitatilor tarii respective, iar pentru gasirea solutiilor optime va studia, evident si, experienta altor sisteme de drept.
1022. Introducere /на латыни/
Информация пополнение в коллекции 12.01.2009

Functiile dreptului comparat nu pot fi disociate de functiile generale ale Teoriei dreptului (cognitiva, critica, practic-aplicativa). Comparatia ajuta esential la construirea tipologiilor juridice si clasificarilor, în procesul de legiferare, metoda comparativa are, de asemenea, o importanta majora, ea furnizând informatii pretioase legiuitorului, în legatura cu reglementarile cuprinse în alte sisteme de drept sau în documente juridice internationale. Prin studiul comparat al diferitelor institutii juridice nationale se desprind factorii se determina atât trasaturile lor comune cât si cele specifice. Combatând în principiu preluarea mecanica a unor institutii si reglementari juridice dintr-o tara la alta, ca si considerarea unora drept modele de urmat în alte tari, metoda comparata arata calea realista de folosire a experientei legislative si juridice, îmbogatirea reciproca a sistemelor juridice din diferite tari stiut fiindca orice reglementare juridica trebuie sa izvorasca si sa raspunda în primul rând nevoilor nationale, specificului si particularitatilor tarii respective, iar pentru gasirea solutiilor optime va studia, evident si, experienta altor sisteme de drept.
1023. Introducing Yourself
Статья пополнение в коллекции 12.01.2009

My name is Kostya. My surname is Laznev. I was born in Moscow on the 23rd of June in 1981. I am a tall thin boy. My hair is dark and short. My face is oval, my nose is straight. My eyes are large and brown. My friends say that I am a good-looking boy. I like to dress well. I usually wear black trousers, light shirts, clean boots. I have a dream to enter the Institute. I worked hard at school. We studied many subjects such as History, Russian, Physics, Geography and others. I was fond of English and Physics. And I was good at them. I think that I am honest, serious and polite. I want to get a good education and find an interesting and useful work. I have a hobby. I like to sing songs. My father likes to sing songs too. He knows many good songs and we usually sing songs together. Nowadays young people don't like classical music. They prefer pop music. My parents invite me to some very good concerts of classical music. It is great. I am very grateful to my parents because now I begin to understand how wrong I was going only to pop concerts. I am proud of my mother and father. They are musicians. We like to spend our free time together. We often go to the museums, to the Concert Halls, to the theatres. I want to say that I respect my parents.
1024. IP-телефония
Информация пополнение в коллекции 10.04.2007

В марте 1996 г. произошло еще одно памятное событие. Тогда было объявлено о совместном проекте под названием «Internet Telephone Gate» двух компаний: уже известно нам Vocal Tec и крупнейшего производителя для компьютерной телефонный Dialogic, для чего между Сетью и телефоном устанавливается специализированный шлюз. Последний получил название (Vocal Tec Telephone Gateway) и представлял собой специализированную программу, которая использовала голосовые платы Dialogic. Многоканальные голосовые платы позволяют, во-первых, одной системе VTG поддерживать до восьми независимых телефонных разговоров через сеть, а во-вторых, убрали проблему адреса, взяв на себя преобразование обычных телефонных номеров в IP-адрес и обратно. Для разговора одного пользователя в том продукте достаточно будет ширины полосы канала порядка 11 кбит/с. Вот так возможность высокого уплотнения канала и малая стоимость связи создали предпосылки для коренных изменений телекоммуникационного мира. Сегодня многое ясно, что ИТ лишь шаг на пути к глобальной мультимедиа-связи.
1025. Ireland and the Continent
Статья пополнение в коллекции 12.01.2009

Saint Colmcille set up his monastery-university in Iona in 563 AD, and evangelized the Scots. Saint Aidan took on the English in 635 AD, and Saint Finian tackled the Welsh. Saint Columbanus, from Bandor, spread his rule of life like a fire throughout France, founding the Monastery of Luxeuil in 590 AD, and Annegray and Fontaines. His rule of life was so successful, and so widespread, that it rivaled the classic Benedictine rule. Eventually, because it was so austere, it gave way to the popularity of the "Fax" of the Benedictines, who brought tranquility out of chaos by leading people back to cultivate the land and to lead a quiet, spiritual life. Saints Fiacre and Kilian settled in Meaux and Aubiguy, while Saint Fursey founded the Monastery of Lagny, anpPalace of Charles the Bald, while other Irish monks set up in Rheims, Metz and Ghent. Liege fell under the influence of Irish monk scholars, as did Aix La Chapelle, Pavia, Cologne and Mainz. Ratisbon, Wurzburg and Mecklenburg too fell to the learning of the "peregrini. " In Irish history, 1798 was "the Year of the French, " as it was then that they landed a military expeditionary force in the Bay of Killala in County Mayo. It was defeated, and while French officers and troops were spared as prisoners of war, the Irish rebel peasantry and their French-trained Irish leaders, were massacred by the redcoats and German mercenary troops, the Hessians. The Hessians behaved in Ireland as did many of their descendants in the German invasion of Poland in Worid War II. When the rising of Coonnaught had been finally crushed, French ships once again sailed into Killala Bay but, being too late to be of any help, they quietly returned to France. In Lough Swilly, off the coast of Donegal, the ship carrying Theobald Wolfe Tone was taken, and he was imprisoned in Dublin where he died in mysterious circumstances, a death said by his captors to have been suicide. The Irish struggle for freedom continued, largely with the aid of the French. It was the French who helped inspire the insurrection of 1848, and it was in France that the Fenians -- the Irish Republican Broatherhood -first learned their trade, and became heavily influenced by the French revolutionary philosophy of violence, anti clericism and the destruction of religious education in schools- aspects of the less acceptable face of modern anarchical revolution.
1026. Irish and America
Информация пополнение в коллекции 09.12.2008
1027. Irish history
Информация пополнение в коллекции 09.12.2008
1028. Irish Roots
Информация пополнение в коллекции 09.12.2008
1029. Irkutsk State University
Статья пополнение в коллекции 12.01.2009

Sibiryakov went to St. Peterburg to ask G. Guarenghi, a famous architect, to design his house. The architect agreed to do it. In 1804 the palace was built. It was 2-3-storey building with columns and balconies; it was decorated with sculptures. Inside the house there was a broad staircase and many rooms: reception room, a study, a dining-room, a room for children, a bedroom and others. Later a beautiful stone fence was put round the building. In fact, this palace was a brilliant example of Russian classicism. It was yellow. In 1850, however, the palace was rebuilt, and still later painted white. That's why we call it the "White House".
1030. Is the nature of quantum chaos classical?
Статья пополнение в коллекции 12.01.2009

We pay attention here to three originating moments: 1) Equation (12) is the Schrödinger equation again, but without an external force. 2) We have the system of two equations of motion: quantum Eq.(12) and classical Eq.(7). In a general case these equations make up the system of bound equations, because the coefficient k can be a function of classical trajectory, . As we show below a connection between Eqs. (12) and (7) arises in the case, if classical Eq. (7) is nonlinear. 3) Classical Eq.(7) contains some dissipative term, and so makes sense of a dissipative coefficient. The arising of dissipation just into the classical equation is looked quite naturally - a dissipation has the classical character.
1031. Isaac Newton
Статья пополнение в коллекции 12.01.2009

It is interesting how he discovered the law gravitation. Once, as he sat at the garden, his attention was drawn by the fall of an apple. Many people saw such an usual thing before. But it was Newton who asked himself a question: "Why does that apple fall perpendicularly to the ground? Why doesn't it go sidewards or up-wards?" The answer to this question was the theory of gravitation, discovered by Newton.
1032. It is science that does us good or does it bring disaster?
Статья пополнение в коллекции 12.01.2009

To answer the question whether science does us good or does it brings disaster isnt a simple task. We should take into consideration many facts. On the one hand a lot of outstanding discoveries made the life of the people more comfortable and pleasant. Without scientific discoveries and inventions no progress would be possible. Thanks to discovery of electricity we can listen to the radio, watch TV, see films, people learned how to produce steel and metal alloys now we use railways and airplanes.
1033. J. B. Priestley
Информация пополнение в коллекции 12.01.2009

Many of his works have a political aspect. For example, An Inspector Calls, as well as being a "Time Play", contains many references to socialism the inspector was arguably an alter ego through which Priestley could express his works [1]. During World War II he was a regular broadcaster on the BBC. The Sunday night Postscript broadcasts through 1940 and again in 1941 drew audiences of up to 16 million; only Churchill was more popular with listeners. But his talks were cancelled, apparently as a result of complaints that they were too left-wing. He chaired the 1941 Committee and, in 1942, he was a co-founder of the socialist Common Wealth Party. The political content of his broadcasts and Priestley's hopes of a new and different England after the war influenced the politics of the period and helped the Labour Party gain its landslide victory in the 1945 general election. Priestley himself, however, was distrustful of the state and dogma.
1034. J. R. R. Tolkien
Статья пополнение в коллекции 12.01.2009

Of Tolkien's academic publications, the 1936 lecture "Beowulf: the Monsters and the Critics" had a lasting influence on Beowulf research.[42] Lewis E. Nicholson said that the article Tolkien wrote about Beowulf is "widely recognized as a turning point in Beowulfian criticism", noting that Tolkien established the primacy of the poetic nature of the work as opposed to the purely linguistic elements.[43] At the time, the consensus of scholarship deprecated Beowulf for dealing with childish battles with monsters rather than realistic tribal warfare; Tolkien argued that the author of Beowulf was addressing human destiny in general, not as limited by particular tribal politics, and therefore the monsters were essential to the poem.[44] Where Beowulf does deal with specific tribal struggles, as at Finnsburg, Tolkien argued firmly against reading in fantastic elements.[45] In the essay, Tolkien also revealed how highly he regarded Beowulf: "Beowulf is among my most valued sources," and this influence can be seen in The Lord of the Rings.[46]
1035. J.W.Geothe
Информация пополнение в коллекции 09.12.2008

Johann Woifgang von Goethe wurde am 28. Aufgust 1749 in Frankfurt am Main in einer wohlhabenden burgerlichen Familie geboren. Sein Vater war Jurist und kaiserlicher Rat, die um zwanzig Jahre jugere Mutter - Toch-ter des Burgermeisters von Frankfurt. Goethe erhielt einen ausgezeichneten Hausunterricht: auBer den klassischen Sprachen undLiteraturen sowie dem Franzosischen, die zu jener Zeit den Hauptbestand jedes Unterichts bilde-ten, lernte er Englisch, Italienisch und Hebraisch, naturwissenschaftliche Studien wurden auch getreiben, was damals selten der Fall war. Somit be-kan Goethe schon seit Jugend auch jene Ansatze zur naturwissenschaflichen Forschung, die sich spater in der Weimarer Zeit so glanzend entfaltet haben.
1036. Jack London
Статья пополнение в коллекции 12.01.2009

John Griffith London was born in San Francisco on Jan. 12, 1876. His family was poor, and he was forced to go to work early in life to support himself. At 17 he sailed to Japan and Siberia on a seal-hunting voyage. He was largely self-taught, reading voluminously in libraries and spending a year at the University of California. In the late 1890s he joined the gold rush to the Klondike. This experience gave him material for his first book, 'The Son of Wolf', published in 1900, and for 'Call of the Wild' (1903), one of his most popular stories.
1037. Jacob (Jacques) Bernoulli
Доклад пополнение в коллекции 12.01.2009

Although Jacob and Johann Bernoulli both worked on similar problems their relationship was soon to change from one of collaborators to one of rivals. Johann Bernoulli's boasts were the first cause of Jacob's attacks on him and Jacob wrote that Johann was his pupil whose only achievements were to repeat what his teacher had taught him. Of course this was a grossly unfair statement. Jacob Bernoulli continued to attack his brother in print in a disgraceful and unnecessary fashion, particularly after 1697. However he did not reserve public criticism for his brother. He was critical of the university authorities at Basel and again he was very public in making critical statements that, as one would expect, left him in a difficult situation at the university. Jacob probably felt that Johann was the more powerful mathematician of the two and, this hurt since Jacob's nature meant that he always had to feel that he was winning praise from all sides. Hofmann writes in:-
1038. James Joyce (1882-1941)
Информация пополнение в коллекции 09.12.2008
1039. Japanese Art and Architecture
Статья пополнение в коллекции 12.01.2009

Historically, Japan has been subject to sudden invasions of new and alien ideas followed by long periods of minimal contact with the outside world. Over time the Japanese developed the ability to absorb, imitate, and finally assimilate those elements of foreign culture that complemented their aesthetic preferences. The earliest complex art in Japan was produced in the 7th and 8th centuries AD in connection with Buddhism. In the 9th century, as the Japanese began to turn away from China and develop indigenous forms of expression, the secular arts became increasingly important; until the late 15th century, both religious and secular arts flourished. After the Onin War (1467-1477) Japan entered a period of political, social, and economic disruption that lasted for nearly a century. In the state that emerged under the leadership of the Tokugawa clan, organized religion played a much less important role in people's lives, and the arts that survived were primarily secular.
1040. Jealousy as the cause of internal self-destruction in "Kreutzer Sonata" by Leo Tolstoy (Ревность как...
Сочинение пополнение в коллекции 09.12.2008

“Kreutzer Sonata” is a very solid, yet unobtrusive piece of music. It is flowing into the mood, brightens it up and softens down. The first presto is not long, yet it reflects a sinful abundance of passion. Indeed, the dialogue of the violin and the piano amazes with its vivacity and glorification of feelings. It overwhelms and subdues emotions from the very first loud pianos accords and violin singing its second part to piano on the contrary in a tender, twittering tone. Then piano is flying into crescendo and as if waiting for the imminent amalgamation of two hearts into sweet harmony of an increasing rhythm, it decides to cease to a voluptuous retreat. But prior to the immediate withdrawal it sends sensuous hints of the near victory to the violin. And if though the violin senses this hesitation it falls into flirting, mischievous playfulness. The next swift turns into calamity, sweet exhaustion of piano and violin, when a dialogue of two is almost sound. They are questioning, comforting each other, and perhaps seeking an answer to “maybe not?” But it does not last long, because the next accords of piano are assertive and irresistibly inviting. There is a notion of violin speculations and balance upon a thin line while making the right decision, but the crowning part of the allegro is the triumph over obstacles, doubts and moral norms. It is a celebration of feelings, glory of eroticism and delight of lust.

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