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Практичний курс англійської мови навчальний посібник з практики усного та письмового мовлення для студентів 4 курсу

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TEXT 3 ‘Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone’
Conceit - an elaborate, often extravagant metaphor or simile making an analogy between totally dissimilar things Exclamation
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TEXT 3 ‘Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone’

4.13 Study the glossary to the article. Find the words in the context and choose the proper translation.

frayed протертий, порваний, поношений, старий Syn: threadbare, shabby

flickering 1) ширяючий, що пурхає ( про птахів )

2) коливний, тріпотливий, тремтячий flickering in the wind leaves — тремтячі на вітрі листи

3) мерехтливий flickering candles — мерехтливий світло свіч

jolt 1.1) поштовх; зіткнення, тряска Syn: shaking

2) удар ( тж. перен.; to ) a severe jolt — жорстокий удар It was a jolt to her pride. — Це було ударом для її гордості. Syn: impact 1., shock I 1.

3) вирок до тюремного ув'язнення 4) ін'єкція наркотику

2.1) струшувати, підкидати, трясти to jolt out of — виводити She was finally jolted out of her depression. — Її зрештою вивели з депресії. Syn: shake 2.

2) рухатися підстрибуючи, трястися ( по нерівній дорозі ) 3) завдавати удару, потрясати 4) ; упорскувати героїн

patched 1) з латками, залатаний

2) зроблений зі шматків

3) зроблений на швидку руку; зроблений незграбно, незграбно, неміцно

4) прикрашений обробкою

peer 1.1) а) рівний, ровня - without peer Syn: equal

б) сучасник; член групи людей того самого віку, однієї статі, одного кольору шкіри і т.д.; дуже часто в сполученнях типу vote by peers і т.д. - by peers - vote by peers - peer-reviewed

2) а) лорд, пер Syn: lord б) чоловік, що належить до вищих кіл суспільства Syn: noble

2.1) а) робити рівним б) вважати рівним 2) відноситися до визначеної категорії Syn: equal , rank with 3) бути рівним 4) робити пером

2) удивлятися, здивуватися ( at, into, through ) Even after peering at the letter, I still could not recognize the signature. — Навіть після того, як я пильно розглянув лист, я усе ще не міг впізнати підпис. She stood on the shore for some time, peering into the distance, long after the ship had gone. — Вона стояла на березі ще якийсь час і вперяла свій погляд в обрій, хоча корабля уже давно не було видно. Syn: look

3) визирати, показуватися, переглядати The sun peered through a vast white cloud. — Через велику білу хмару пробився промінь сонця.

queasy 1) слабкий, делікатний; хворобливий ( про стан здоров'я ) queasy stomach — слабкий шлунок to have a queasy conscience — бути совісним

2) а) испытывающий нудоту, неприємні відчуття ; підданий нудоті She is feeling slightly queasy in the mornings. — Її подташнивает по ранках.

б) нудотну, зухвалу нудоту 3) вибагливий, із примхою queasy river — примхлива ріка

spell 1.1) заклинання, чаклунська обмова They say she died after a witch cast a spell on her. — Говорять, вона вмерла після того, як чаклунка наклала на неї прокляття. diabolical spells — заклинання чорної магії Syn: conjuration , incantation , exorcism

2) чари; чарівність; привабливість to break, remove a spell — зруйнувати чари magic spell — магічні чари - under smb.'s spell Syn: sorcery , magic 1., enchantment , charm 1., fascination - cast a spell on - cast a spell over - put a spell on

2. зачаровувати, зачаровувати, накладати прокляття ( на когось ); зачаровувати Syn: bewitch , charm 2., fascinate , cast a spell on , cast a spell over , put a spell on II ; і - spelt, spelled
  1. писати чи вимовляти ( слово ) по літерах He gave his name and then spelt it. — Він назвав своє ім'я і продиктував його по літерах. You can spell it either way. — І той, і інший спосіб написання є вірними. Sorry, I spelled it wrong. — Вибачте, я невірно написав. He spells the way he speaks. — Він пише так, як чує.
  2. утворювати, складати ( слово по літерах ) What word do these letters spell? — Яке слово утворять ці літери?
  3. означати, спричиняти Syn: mean III - spell out III 1.1) проміжок часу, термін, період ( of - чего-л. ) a long spell — тривалий період a cold spell in January — холоди в січні He did a spell in prison. — Він провів якийсь час у в'язниці. - by spells - a spell ago Syn: period 1., stretch 1.2) приступ ( хвороби, дурного настрою і т.п. ) a spell of coughing — наступ кашлю Syn: fit I, bout 3) (робоча) зміна to give a spell — перемінити (у роботі) to take spells at the wheel — вести машину по черзі Syn: shift 1., turn 1.
  4. відпочинок від роботи, відпустка Syn: rest I 1.2. ; 1) а) переміняти; заміняти ( кого-л. у роботі ) Will you spell me at rowing the boat? — Переміниш мене на веслах? Syn: relieve I б) працювати по змінах 2) а) дати перепочинок ( напр., коням ) б) відпочити ( від роботи ), передохнути; узяти відпустка Syn: rest I 2.

spelling flame "орфовердикт" ( мережне послання якому-небудь автору, що містить голий перелік виловлених у нього помилок, але без пояснень )

toad 1) жаба 2) огидних чоловік, гадина tоаd's cap — поганка (гриб) tоаd's eye — дорогоцінний камінь toad under the harrow — вічно гноблена людина
4.14 Read the text from ‘Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone’ by J.K. Rowling

FROM Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone

By J.K. Rowling


Rowling, J. K. (1965- ), British author who writes about the magical adventures of a boy wizard named Harry Potter. The Harry Potter books dominated bestseller lists in the late 1990s and early 2000s, attracting fans worldwide among children and adults alike.

Joanne Kathleen Rowling was born in Chipping Sodbury, a small town in southern England. Rowling knew she wanted to be a writer as early as age six, when she wrote her first story. She graduated from the University of Exeter in England and afterward worked in various jobs while attempting to write fiction for adults. Rowling moved to Portugal at age 26, where she taught English. While there, she married a Portuguese journalist, and they had a daughter in 1993. During this time she began writing a book about an orphaned boy who lives with his mean-spirited aunt and uncle and does not know that he is actually a wizard with magic powers. By 1995 Rowling was divorced, and she moved to Edinburgh, Scotland. Unable to pay for childcare, Rowling went on public assistance and continued writing her book, often jotting down passages in cafes while her daughter slept at her side. Her finished manuscript was rejected by a number of publishers before its publication as Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone in Britain in 1997. This tale of Harry Potter, who learns of his magic abilities at age 11 and then attends the Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry, appeared in the United States as Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone in 1998. A sequel, Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets, was published in Britain in 1998 and a year later in the United States. A third volume, Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban, appeared in both countries in 1999. By then, the Harry Potter tale had been translated into nearly 30 languages. A fourth Harry Potter volume was scheduled for publication in the summer of 2000.

Chapter Seven -- The Sorting Hat

The door swung open at once. A tall, black-haired witch in emerald-green robes stood there. She had a very stern face and Harry's first thought was that this was not someone to cross.

"The firs' years, Professor McGonagall," said Hagrid.

"Thank you, Hagrid. I will take them from here."

She pulled the door wide. The entrance hall was so big you could have fit the whole of the Dursleys' house in it. The stone walls were lit with flaming torches like the ones at Gringotts, the ceiling was too high to make out, and a magnificent marble staircase facing them led to the upper floors.

They followed Professor McGonagall across the flagged stone floor. Harry could hear the drone of hundreds of voices from a doorway to the right -the rest of the school must already be here -- but Professor McGonagall showed the first years into a small, empty chamber off the hall. They crowded in, standing rather closer together than they would usually have done, peering about nervously.

"Welcome to Hogwarts," said Professor McGonagall. "The start-of-term banquet will begin shortly, but before you take your seats in the Great Hall, you will be sorted into your houses. The Sorting is a very important ceremony because, while you are here, your house will be something like your family within Hogwarts. You will have classes with the rest of your house, sleep in your house dormitory, and spend free time in your house common room.

"The four houses are called Gryffindor, Hufflepuff, Ravenclaw, and Slytherin. Each house has its own noble history and each has produced outstanding witches and wizards. While you are at Hogwarts, your triumphs will earn your house points, while any rulebreaking will lose house points. At the end of the year, the house with the most points is awarded the house cup, a great honour. I hope each of you will be a credit to whichever house becomes yours.

"The Sorting Ceremony will take place in a few minutes in front of the rest of the school. I suggest you all smarten yourselves up as much as you can while you are waiting."

Her eyes lingered for a moment on Neville's cloak, which was fastened under his left ear, and on Ron's smudged nose. Harry nervously tried to flatten his hair.

"I shall return when we are ready for you," said Professor McGonagall. "Please wait quietly."

She left the chamber. Harry swallowed.

"How exactly do they sort us into houses?" he asked Ron.

"Some sort of test, I think. Fred said it hurts a lot, but I think he was joking."

Harry's heart gave a horrible jolt. A test? In front of the whole school? But he didn't know any magic yet -- what on earth would he have to do? He hadn't expected something like this the moment they arrived. He looked around anxiously and saw that everyone else looked terrified, too. No one was talking much except Hermione Granger, who was whispering very fast about all the spells she'd learned and wondering which one she'd need. Harry tried hard not to listen to her. He'd never been more nervous, never, not even when he'd had to take a school report home to the Dursleys saying that he'd somehow turned his teacher's wig blue. He kept his eyes fixed on the door. Any second now, Professor McGonagall would come back and lead him to his doom.

Then something happened that made him jump about a foot in the air -- several people behind him screamed.

"What the --?"

He gasped. So did the people around him. About twenty ghosts had just streamed through the back wall. Pearly-white and slightly transparent, they glided across the room talking to one another and hardly glancing at the first years. They seemed to be arguing. What looked like a fat little monk was saying: "Forgive and forget, I say, we ought to give him a second chance --"

"My dear Friar, haven't we given Peeves all the chances he deserves? He gives us all a bad name and you know, he's not really even a ghost – I say, what are you all doing here?"

A ghost wearing a ruff and tights had suddenly noticed the first years.

Nobody answered.

"New students!" said the Fat Friar, smiling around at them. "About to be Sorted, I suppose?"

A few people nodded mutely.

"Hope to see you in Hufflepuff!" said the Friar. "My old house, you know."

"Move along now," said a sharp voice. "The Sorting Ceremony's about to start."

Professor McGonagall had returned. One by one, the ghosts floated away through the opposite wall.

"Now, form a line," Professor McGonagall told the first years, "and follow me."

Feeling oddly as though his legs had turned to lead, Harry got into line behind a boy with sandy hair, with Ron behind him, and they walked out of the chamber, back across the hall, and through a pair of double doors into the Great Hall.

Harry had never even imagined such a strange and splendid place. It was lit by thousands and thousands of candles that were floating in midair over four long tables, where the rest of the students were sitting. These tables were laid with glittering golden plates and goblets. At the top of the hall was another long table where the teachers were sitting. Professor McGonagall led the first years up here, so that they came to a halt in a line facing the other students, with the teachers behind them. The hundreds of faces staring at them looked like pale lanterns in the flickering candlelight. Dotted here and there among the students, the ghosts shone misty silver. Mainly to avoid all the staring eyes, Harry looked upward and saw a velvety black ceiling dotted with stars. He heard Hermione whisper, "Its bewitched to look like the sky outside. I read about it in Hogwarts, A History."

It was hard to believe there was a ceiling there at all, and that the Great Hall didn't simply open on to the heavens.

Harry quickly looked down again as Professor McGonagall silently placed a four-legged stool in front of the first years. On top of the stool she put a pointed wizard's hat. This hat was patched and frayed and extremely dirty. Aunt Petunia wouldn't have let it in the house.

Maybe they had to try and get a rabbit out of it, Harry thought wildly, that seemed the sort of thing -- noticing that everyone in the hall was now staring at the hat, he stared at it, too. For a few seconds, there was complete silence. Then the hat twitched. A rip near the brim opened wide like a mouth -- and the hat began to sing:

"Oh, you may not think I'm pretty,

But don't judge on what you see,

I'll eat myself if you can find

A smarter hat than me…


The whole hall burst into applause as the hat finished its song. It bowed to each of the four tables and then became quite still again.

"So we've just got to try on the hat!" Ron whispered to Harry. "I'll kill Fred, he was going on about wrestling a troll."

Harry. smiled weakly. Yes, trying on the hat was a lot better than having to do a spell, but he did wish they could have tried it on without everyone watching. The hat seemed to be asking rather a lot; Harry didn't feel brave or quick-witted or any of it at the moment. If only the hat had mentioned a house for people who felt a bit queasy, that would have been the one for him.

Professor McGonagall now stepped forward holding a long roll of parchment.

"When I call your name, you will put on the hat and sit on the stool to be sorted," she said. "Abbott, Hannah!"

A pink-faced girl with blonde pigtails stumbled out of line, put on the hat, which fell right down over her eyes, and sat down. A moments pause --

"HUFFLEPUFF!" shouted the hat.

The table on the right cheered and clapped as Hannah went to sit down at the Hufflepuff table. Harry saw the ghost of the Fat Friar waving merrily at her.

"Bones, Susan!"

"HUFFLEPUFF!" shouted the hat again, and Susan scuttled off to sit next to Hannah.

"Boot, Terry!"

"RAVENCLAW!"

The table second from the left clapped this time; several Ravenclaws stood up to shake hands with Terry as he joined them.

"Brocklehurst, Mandy" went to Ravenclaw too, but "Brown, Lavender" became the first new Gryffindor, and the table on the far left exploded with cheers; Harry could see Ron's twin brothers catcalling.

"Bulstrode, Millicent" then became a Slytherin. Perhaps it was Harry's imagination, after all he'd heard about Slytherin, but he thought they looked like an unpleasant lot. He was starting to feel definitely sick now. He remembered being picked for teams during gym at his old school. He had always been last to be chosen, not because he was no good, but because no one wanted Dudley to think they liked him.

"Finch-Fletchley, Justin!"

"HUFFLEPUFF!"

Sometimes, Harry noticed, the hat shouted out the house at once, but at others it took a little while to decide. "Finnigan, Seamus," the sandy-haired boy next to Harry in the line, sat on the stool for almost a whole minute before the hat declared him a Gryffindor.

"Granger, Hermione!"

Hermione almost ran to the stool and jammed the hat eagerly on her head.

"GRYFFINDOR!" shouted the hat. Ron groaned.

A horrible thought struck Harry, as horrible thoughts always do when you're very nervous. What if he wasn't chosen at all? What if he just sat there with the hat over his eyes for ages, until Professor McGonagall jerked it off his head and said there had obviously been a mistake and he'd better get back on the train?

When Neville Longbottom, the boy who kept losing his toad, was called, he fell over on his way to the stool. The hat took a long time to decide with Neville. When it finally shouted, "GRYFFINDOR," Neville ran off still wearing it, and had to jog back amid gales of laughter to give it to "MacDougal, Morag."

Malfoy swaggered forward when his name was called and got his wish at once: the hat had barely touched his head when it screamed, "SLYTHERIN!"

Malfoy went to join his friends Crabbe and Goyle, looking pleased with himself.

There weren't many people left now. "Moon" "Nott" "Parkinson" then a pair of twin girls, "Patil" and "Patil" then "Perks, Sally-Anne" and then, at last -- "Potter, Harry!"

As Harry stepped forward, whispers suddenly broke out like little hissing fires all over the hall.

"Potter, did she say?"

The Harry Potter?"

The last thing Harry saw before the hat dropped over his eyes was the hall full of people craning to get a good look at him. Next second he was looking at the black inside of the hat. He waited.

Hmm," said a small voice in his ear. "Difficult. Very difficult. Plenty of courage, I see. Not a bad mind either. There's talent, A my goodness, yes -- and a nice thirst to prove yourself, now that's interesting.... So where shall I put you?"

Harry gripped the edges of the stool and thought, Not Slytherin, not Slytherin.

"Not Slytherin, eh?" said the small voice. "Are you sure? You could be great, you know, it's all here in your head, and Slytherin will help you on the way to greatness, no doubt about that -- no? Well, if you're sure -- better be GRYFFINDOR!"

Harry heard the hat shout the last word to the whole hall. He took off the hat and walked shakily toward the Gryffindor table. He was so relieved to have been chosen and not put in Slytherin, he hardly noticed that he was getting the loudest cheer yet. Percy the Prefect got up and shook his hand vigorously, while the Weasley twins yelled, "We got Potter! We got Potter!" Harry sat down opposite the ghost in the ruff he'd seen earlier. The ghost patted his arm, giving Harry the sudden, horrible feeling he'd just plunged it into a bucket of ice-cold water.

He could see the High Table properly now. At the end nearest him sat Hagrid, who caught his eye and gave him the thumbs up. Harry grinned back. And there, in the center of the High Table, in a large gold chair, sat Albus Dumbledore. Harry recognized him at once from the card he'd gotten out of the Chocolate Frog on the train. Dumbledore's silver hair was the only thing in the whole hall that shone as brightly as the ghosts. Harry spotted Professor Quirtell, too, the nervous young man from the Leaky Cauldron. He was looking very peculiar in a large purple turban.
4.15 Use the expressions below in the sentences of your own. Try to make a connected text describing your experience of taking entrance exams .
  • a very important ceremony
  • any rulebreaking will lose the points
  • be sorted into
  • give smb. the thumbs up
  • haven't we given him all the chances he deserves
  • lead one to one’s doom
  • looked like an unpleasant lot
  • nervously tried to flatten his hair
  • peer about nervously.
  • plunge it into a bucket of ice-cold water
  • the first years
  • the start-of-term banquet
  • to be always last to be chosen
  • will help you on the way to greatness
  • your triumphs will earn you points
4.16 Discuss the following questions:
    • Characterise the text under study. Say what features make it a sample of a fantasy novel. Illustrate your answer citing the text.



    • Rowling had created a world of Muggles (non-magicians), Quidditch (a sport similar to basketball on broomsticks), and Howlers (screaming messages delivered by owls). What other words and tropes help create vivid descriptions and an imaginative story line?
    • The Guardian newspaper applauded the book's intricate narrative, with its weft of "plots, sub-plots, red herrings, diversions and an un-pin-downable magic" and found its writing style her most confident ever, giving the impression of "an author who loves her job." Give a more detailed commentary of this.
4.17 Evaluating a story. What tropes are used to give particular emphasis to an idea or sentiment of a reader? Find the examples of the following figures of speech :

Conceit - an elaborate, often extravagant metaphor or simile making an analogy between totally dissimilar things

Exclamation - sudden outcry or interjection expressing violent emotion, such as fright, grief, or hatred

Hyperbole - form of inordinate exaggeration according to which a person or thing is depicted as being better or worse, or larger or smaller, than is actually the case

Metaphor -use of a word or phrase denoting one kind of idea or object in place of another word or phrase for the purpose of suggesting a likeness between the two

Metonymy -use of a word or phrase for another to which it bears an important relation, as the effect for the cause, the abstract for the concrete, and similar constructions

Onomatopoeia - imitation of natural sounds by words

Personification - representation of inanimate objects or abstract ideas as living beings

Simile - specific comparison by means of the words “like” or “as” between two kinds of ideas or objects.
4.18 Give a summary of your comments on the text.