Методичні вказівки до корективного курсу з дисципліни "Англійська мова" для студентів 1 курсу всіх спеціальностей. /Н. С. Фоменко, С. В. Радецька, С. В

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List of irregular verbs
Verbs which have the same form for Past Simple and Past Participle
Verbs which nave the same form for the Base Form and the Pats Participle
Verbs which have all forms different
Курс «Правила читання англійською мовою”
Читання приголосних c, g, s, x
Урок 2 Читання голосних “і” та “y”
Урок 3 Читання букви “a”
Урок 4 Читання буквосполучень sh, ch, th
Урок 5 Читання букви “o”
Запам’ятайте наступі винятки
Ex.1. Прочитайте наступні слова
Ex.2. Прочитайте наступні слова і поясніть правила читання “o”
Урок 6 Читання буквосполучень wh, ph, gh, qu
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LIST OF IRREGULAR VERBS



BASE FORM PAST SIMPLE PAST PARTICIPLE


Verbs which are the same in all three forms


cost cost cost

cut cut cut

hit hit hit

hurt hurt hurt

let let let

put put put

set set set

shut shut shut


Verbs which have the same form for Past Simple and Past Participle


bend bent bent

bring brought brought

built built built

barn burnt burnt

bay bought bought

catch caught caught

dig dug dug

dream dreamt (dreamed) dreamt (dreamed)

feed fed fed

feel felt felt

find fount fount

get got got

have had had

hear heard heard

hold held held

keep kept kept

lay laid laid

learn learnt (learned) learnt (learned)

leave left left

lend lent lent

lose lost lost

make made made

mean meant meant

meet met met

read read read

say said said

sell sold sold

send sent sent

shine shone shone

shoot shot shot

sit sat sat

sleep slept slept

slide slid slid

smell smelt smelt

spend spent spent

stand stood stood

teach taught taught

tell told told

think thought thought

understand understood understood

win won won


Verbs which nave the same form for the Base Form and the Pats Participle


become became become

come came come

run ran run


One verb which has the same form for the Base Form and the Past Simple


beat beat beaten


Verbs which have all forms different


be was/were been

begin began begun

bite bit bitten

blow blew blown

break broke broken

choose chose chosen

do did done

draw drew drawn

drink drank drunk

drive drove driven

eat ate eaten

fall fell fallen

fly flew flown

forget forgot forgotten

freeze froze frozen

give gave given

go went gone

hide hid hidden

know knew known

lie lay lain

ride rode ridden

ring rang rung

see saw seen

shake shook shaken

sing sang sung

speak spoke spoken

steal stole stolen

swim swam swum

take took taken

tear tore torn


Курс «Правила читання англійською мовою”


Англійский алфавіт і знаки транскрипції:



Aa

Bb

Cc

Dd

Ee

Ff

Gg

Hh

I i

Jj

Kk

Ll

Mm


Nn

Oo

Pp

Qq

Rr

Ss

Tt

Uu

Vv

Ww

Xx

Yy

Zz


Приголосні, що передають один звук:

b d f h k l m n p r t v w z


Приголосні , які передають два звуки:

c g s x


Урок 1

Читання голосних в наголошеному складі


Голосна

Відкритий

Закритий

Закритий з буквою r

Відкритий

Гол.+ r + гол.

A, a



make


bad


bar


fare

E, e


be


pen


her


mere

I, i


Mike


fill


first


fire

U, u


mute


bus


burn


pure

O, o


no


not


port


bore

Y, y


type


system


myrtle


tyre


Ex.1. Прочитайте слова і поясніть їх правила читання

Vote, probe, fine, be, lake, me, pen, bad, an, tube, tunnel, plan , hat, bit, mute, nut, pane, tub, mud, leg, mode, pit, go, did, hate, and, spoke.


Ex.2. Прочитайте слова:
  • pod, loss, hot, soft, top, solve, rod, spot
  • port, born, form, sort, pork, storm, ore, more
  • tune, tube, lute, mute, due, use, duty, fume
  • hum, sum, must, sun, plus, nut, dust, bulb, mud, bus, hunt
  • burn, first, turn, term, fur, firm, stern, burst
  • pit, lift, miss, mill, list, pink, tin, drill
  • like, type, fine, dyne, wide, style, spike, life, mine
  • mark, spark, are, dark, park, army, harm, bar
  • state, date, rate, tame, lake, base, take


Ex.3. Розмістіть слова по групам в залежності від читання букви a :

Park, lane, lad, plate, spare, spark, rate, rare, pare, add, hard, farm, bare, make, flat, brake, band, start, fare, tank, land.


Контрольна вправа

Bed, lift, same, hand, sun, tune, try, free, fur, flat, born, spare, mute, try, my, note, pole, burn, mass, plus, dark, dare, bark, stone, spire, hide, home, wire, wore, study, hard, style, wide, type, store.


Читання приголосних c, g, s, x


Букви і букво

сполучення

Звук

Примітка

Приклади

c

[ ]

Перед e, i, y

place, nice city, pencil, cycle

[ ]

В інших випадках

came, can, clock, cut, factor

C, t

[ ]

Перед i + голосна (в ненаголошеному стані)

special, social, efficient, partial

g

[ ]

Перед e, i, y

age, wage, region

[ ]

В інших випадках (виняток: get, give, girl)

glad, got, green

s

[ ]

На початку слова, в кінці слова після глухих приголосних

sun, same, its, cups

[ ]

В кінці слова після голосних і дзвінких приголосних ; між голосними

Is, rise, rose, plays, lands, raids

x

[ ]

Перед наголошеною голосною

exam, exist

[ ]

В інших випадках

text, six, box


Ex. 1. Прочитайте наступні слова:
  • mice, dress, ice, rice, cent, sent, see, sport
  • has, rise, bags, pens, his, tables, dies
  • cable, clock, crest, clad, cross, kick, lack
  • gift, gap, grave, gate, get, give, grim
  • page, cage, gent, bridge, range, badge, gin
  • excite, axis, excuse, expel, complex, ax, expect
  • exact, examine, exist, example


Ex. 2. Прочитайте і поясніть правила читання

Gate, page, give, get, age, gin, gem, gas, jump, clog, mug, jem glee, nose, soft, music, tops, box, next, ax, pens, maps, expand, gun, grade, huge, egg, place, centre, club, crane, space, ice, came, cut, circle, carbon, code.


Урок 2

Читання голосних “і” та “y”


i + ld, nd, gn, gh

ia, io

ir, yr

y/i + r + e













mild

find

sign

light

via

ion

bias

dial

first

third

myrtle

thirst

fire

tyre

wire

tired


Ex.1. Прочитайте наступні слова:
  • child, wild, grind, mild, kind, find, behind, sign, design, assignment, alignmet, night, bright, fight, high, light, slide, lie, prize, giant, try, type, rely, spline
  • fire, bias, dial, trial, violet, spire, wire, tire, spiral, desire, entire, admire, via
  • first, third, circle, firm, birth, dirty
  • symbol, system, crystal, oxygen, plenty, party, easy, energy, carry, ordinary
  • yes, yet, yoke, yard, yellow, yield, yak, yank, yap, yarn, yaw, yawl, year, yearn, yearst, yelk, yellow, yelp, yen, yoke
  • field, brief, chief, piece, achieve, believe


Запам’ятайте:

your science friend

young give live


Ex.2. Прочитайте наступні слова і поясніть правила читання букв “i” та “y”

Rise, lie, ride, ring, strike, reside, slight, grid, filament, combine, iron, imagine, incident, divide, velocity, shift, advice, decide, middle, quite, single, circus, final, mankind, fish, differ, bring, rye, syllable, shire, liquid.


Урок 3

Читання букви “a”


Відкритий склад

Закритий склад

ai, ay

a+r+e/ air

a+r; a+th

a+ f, s, n, +

a+u; a+w

a+ l+ приг.

w(h) + a
















pain

play

plait

pair

care

fare

part

fast

pass

because

August

law

all

also

talk

what

was

warn


Ex.1. Прочитайте наступні слова:
  • sail, paint, ray, may, railway, train, way, say, mail, retain, raise, pay, lay
  • hair, fair, spare, fare, bare, care, rare, air, dare, airport, prepare
  • arm, alarm, past, class, market, spart, demand, as, basket, plant, draft, fast, last, France
  • small, tall, ball, false, salt, stalk, befall, ward, warn, pause, fault, saw, raw, draw, dawn, lawn, call


Ex.2. Прочитайте наступні слова і поясніть правила читання букви “a”

Care, play, grammar, cage, pair, scare, stairs, ask, atomic, article, advantage, grain, spray, contain, away, assistant, because, besides, aircraft.


Урок 4

Читання буквосполучень sh, ch, th


Буквосполучення

Звук

Примітка

Приклади

sh

[ ]




She, ship, shine

tch

[ ]




match, catch, switch

ch

[ ]

В словах англійського походження

check, bench, much, chalk

[ ]

В словах латинського і грецького походженя

mechanic, chemist, school

ch

[ ]

В словах фрацузького походження

machine

th

[ ]

в службових словах і між двома голосними

this, these, that, with, bathe

[ ]

в інших випадках

thick, thin, tenth


Ex.1. Прочитайте наступні слова:
  • shame, shabby, wish, fresh, flash, fish, shade
  • catch, chin, change, check, chat, chicken
  • thank, fifth, third, think, three
  • the, there, them, thus, than, lathe


Ex.2. Прочитайте наступні слова і поясніть правила читання

Cash, shame, chess, catch, ship, such, chemistry, technical, finish, push, this, that, March, thaw, those, shine, thud, shape, share, shell, shut, chain, shock, chair, shop, chapter, change, ahore, thick, shoe, short, chart, xharge, church, chemical, chose, sharp, attach.


Урок 5

Читання букви “o”


oa

o + ld

o+ m,n,th,v

oo

oi, oy

ow

ou

our

[ ou ]

[ ou ]

[ ]

[ u: ]

[ oi ]

[ ou]

[ au ]

[aue ]

load

boat

goal

old

cold

hold

love

son

done

too

good

book

boy

joy

oil

grow

show

low

power*

out

round

sound

our

hour


* - в кінці слова, в інших випадках


Запам’ятайте наступі винятки:

to [ tu ] both [ bou ]

do [ du ] over [ ouv ]

country [ k ntri ] your [ jo: ]

double [ ] four [ fo: ]

group [ gru:p ] pour [ po: ]

enough [ ] move [ mu:v ]

now [ nau ] cow [ kau ]

how [ hau ] allow [ e lau ]

Ex.1. Прочитайте наступні слова:

[ ou ] - mold, told, fold, golden, old

[ au ] - found, ground, outer, about, amount, profound

[ ou ] - flow, arrow, Moscow, fellow, narrow

[ u: ] - book, look, took, hook, rook, brook, tool, root

[ oi ] - oil, boil, point, toil, toy, boy, avoid, loyal

[ ] - glove, some, come, front, above, month

[ au ] - down, brown, tower, frown, flower


Ex.2. Прочитайте наступні слова і поясніть правила читання “o”

Boil, point, slow, moon, tool, work, other, above, hour, box, copper, doctor, revolve, pore, shore, choose, front, discover, ton, power, around, account, support, force, possible, common, constant, orange, noise, move, country, cool,total, load, ore, coal, road, show, now, become, grow, sound.


Урок 6

Читання буквосполучень wh, ph, gh, qu


Буквосполучення

Звук

Примітка

Приклади

wh

[ h ]

перед о

who, whose, whom, whole

[ w ]

В інших випадках

when, which, why, while

ph

[ f ]

зустрічається тільки в словах грецького походження

phone, photo, physics

gh




Після ударної голосної не вимовляється

night, daughter, taught

[ f ]

В кінці слова

enough, rough, tough

qu

[ kw ]




quite, quick

wr

[ r ]




write, wry