The analysis of a condition and regulation of social maintenance of the workers and population in USA
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The analysis of a condition and regulation of social maintenance of the workers and population in USA
1. Basic rules of social protection in USA
questions social maintenance of the population and working in USA are a major direction of strategic national policy (politics) and state regulation of socio economic development, both at a federal level, and at a level of staffs (states) and local bodies of authority. This strategy finds the expression in the following directions of social policy (politics):of legal basis, development and regular updating of general(common) methodological principles of state guarantees and methodical development in sphere of work both social maintenance of the workers and population of staffs(states);of structure of priorities of social maintenance of the workers both population of staffs(states) and establishment of their sequence;of the budget mechanism as with the purposes of financing the social programs, redistribution of means between various under the income, age, work capacity, family structure, and for stimulation of the social responsibility of not state structures;of administrative toolkit for state regulation of sphere of social maintenance according to arising problems and difficulties;socio economic policy(politics) directed on increase to competitiveness of the economically active population in the market of work, and on creation of conditions for their independent ability to live and reduction of dependence from the state help;the basic social specifications, standards and mechanisms of their realization.the first stage of occurrence and functioning of capitalism questions of social protection and the social maintenance of the population practically did not arise. Only in process of development of social intensity in a society(community) and under pressure and strike movement of working weights state bodies of authority for liquidation of the street disorders and the promptings about at the enterprises in the beginning were compelled to apply power(force) methods, and then in process of accumulation of experience and attraction of the sociologists began to take advantage and practically to use scientific methods of maintenance of balance of interests (as proprietors of means of manufacture of the material boons) and working weights. It became especial after Great economic depression in USA in 1929-1934, and also after publication in a wide and open seal of widely known scientific work the General(common) theory of employment, percent(interest) and money the intervention of state structures in the decision of social questions began to accept legislative character. The epoch became basic in the approaches to the decision of problems of social maintenance of the own citizens, hired workers and not working population.and serious enough factor in increase of social security of the workers and population of the capitalist countries became occurrence after termination(ending) the Second world war 1939-1945. The block of the socialist countries and countries of national democracy united in the Warsaw pact, becoming a rather serious and impressive enough counterbalance to the block of NATO and important factor of maintenance of a high and stable standard of well-being of the working capitalist countries excluding or reducing on a minimum level social intensity in a society(community). On this factor till now by economists do not pay(address) due attention, and, nevertheless, role it(him) in increase of well-being and maintenance of social security of the working capitalist countries was great enough and really by them is quite appreciable. It is necessary thus to mean, that not only is direct the owners of means of manufacture and actual owners of the enterprises, firms, of the companies both other commercial and noncommercial establishments and organizations began to realize necessity both economic feasibility of creation necessary and sufficient for the population and working social guarantees, but also the government officials of the most maximum service statuses and ranks began to understand necessity of creation of system of state security of the workers and pensioners from an arbitrariness of the especially greedy businessmen, businessmen. In mass media and in public consciousness it became obvious, that the maintenance of guarantees of economic safety of the population in national scale not under force to one only to private(individual) capital and requires(demands) all-round support of the state expressing not only in direct financial expenses of the state budget, but also in creation of system of social insurance, and also favorable climate for achievement of civil solidarity of the financially supplied elite layers of a society(community) both needy and socially unprotected population and hired workers.state with the purposes of maintenance of unity of interests of a society(community) compelled to incur hard, but extremely necessary mission of the responsibility for stabilization a socio economic rule(situation) of the citizens and steady growth of their incomes, and also for social integration of all layers of a society(community). For this reason an establishment and estimation of major problems of social maintenance and population, development of the basic directions of his(its) development, according to officially recognized USA by the doctrine of the doctor steel in many the advanced capitalist countries by priority sphere of activity of the state in social area. As a result of realization of this policy(politics) in USA the comprehensively proved and effective socio economic mechanism of state regulation of the economic attitudes(relations) was created legally enough worked, in the field of social maintenance. This mechanism functions till now irrespective of political priorities and arrangement of political forces in the united States and unites behavior of all structures, working in a society(community): federal bodies of authority, staffs(states), local self-management and private(individual) employers - on the one hand, and hired workers, and also population, contiguous to them, - on the other hand. The state regulation of social maintenance of the population and working enterprises carries global, universal character and promotes strengthening of economic safety of the citizens by creation of state system of social insurance and in exclusive cases of rendering of the financial help… In mass media and in public consciousness it became obvious, that the maintenance of guarantees of economic safety of the population in national scale not under force to one only to private(individual) capital and requires(demands) all-round support of the state expressing not only in direct financial expenses of the state budget, but also in creation of system of social insurance, and also favorable climate for achievement of civil solidarity of the financially supplied elite layers of a society(community) both needy and socially unprotected population and hired workers.state with the purposes of maintenance of unity of interests of a society(community) compelled to incur hard, but extremely necessary mission of the responsibility for stabilization a socio economic rule(situation) of the citizens and steady growth of their incomes, and also for social integration of all layers of a society(community). For this reason an establishment and estimation of major problems of social maintenance and population, development of the basic directions of his(its) development, according to officially recognized USA by the doctrine of the doctor, steel in many the advanced capitalist countries by priority sphere of activity of the state in social area. As a result of realization of this policy(politics) in USA the comprehensively proved and effective socio economic mechanism of state regulation of the economic attitudes(relations) was created legally enough worked, in the field of social maintenance. This mechanism functions till now irrespective of political priorities and arrangement of political forces in the united States and unites behavior of all structures, working in a society(community): federal bodies of authority, staffs(states), local self-management and private(individual) employers - on the one hand, and hired workers, and also population, contiguous to them, - on the other hand. The state regulation of social maintenance of the population and working enterprises carries global, universal character and promotes strengthening of economic safety of the citizens by creation of state system of social insurance and in exclusive cases of rendering of the financial help as interest-free and sometimes even of the irrevocable loans, and also legislative fastening of the economic rights limiting risk of fall of the incomes, groups of the population which is taking place close or below the breadline, expansion of access of the unemployed to professional retraining, credit and other resources of social maintenance.
2. Analysis of a condition and regulation of social maintenance of the workers and population in USA
American experience of state regulation of sphere of social maintenance testifies to expediency and necessity of the decision of social problems for close interaction of the government officials, private(individual) and public structures, each able-bodied citizen and extreme precise definition in the appropriate instructions both acts of their rights and duties at preservation of managing function of the state.necessity of constant maintenance of socio economic safety of the country by duly rendering of necessary material support to requiring layers of the population, and also maintenance of social integration o