English football lexis and its influence on Russian
Дипломная работа - Иностранные языки
Другие дипломы по предмету Иностранные языки
Министерство образования и науки УР
ГОУ ВПО
Самарский государственный университет
Институт иностранных языков и литературы
Кафедра перевода и стилистики английского языка
Курсовая работа
FOOTBALL LEXIS AND ITS INFLUENCE ON RUSSIAN
Выполнила:
Удина И.Д., гр.2829
Проверила:
ст. преп. Дакакина Е.Л
Москва, 2011
CONTENT
Introduction1. The history of football2. Specific features of English football lexis and its influence on Russian
.1 The peculiarities of Russian loan-words
.2 The origin of the Russian football positions names
.3 The formation of the English football clubs nicknames
2.4 The phraseology of goal-scoring and its reflection on Russian
Introduction
In todays world everybody is trying to slow down their lives. As a matter of fact, there are several ways how to do it. One of the possible activities that helps us in this sphere is doing sports, for example playing football., football, association football, soccer is a beautiful game, loved by millions of people across the globe regardless of religion, caste or gender. Football is one of the world's most popular games. It is played in nearly every country, by everyone from kids in vacant lots and back streets to professional players in giant stadiums. Professional football is watched by billions of people all over the world, and is probably the world's most popular spectator sport.
Due to its great popularity, football has become an area with a special terminology known all over the world; this is one of the reasons why it can be difficult to draw a clear line between words belonging to the general language, on the one hand, and special football terms, on the other.is estimated that journalism gave football a launching pad that continued for the last fifty years of the game as we know it today. News, commentaries, the headlines and photo captions all led to the popularisation of the game. Newspapers plays a vital role in making football the sport of the masses. That is why the problem of studyng football lexis seems to be very serious and urgent.is important to note that nowadays the language of football offers many rewarding topics for linguistic research. One such topic is an analysis of football vocabulary. Since, on the one hand, a football match is made up of a relatively small number of ever-recuring events (shots, passes, referee interventions, etc.), but, on the other hand, myriads of texts (written reports, spoken commentary, etc.) are produced every day which describe these events, the vocabulary has been developed in many languages which abounds with synonims, with fine-grained semantic distinctions and with subtle stylistic variation.this respect, the object of the research is English football terminilogy.subject of the research is an analysis of its influence on Russian football terminilogy.aim of this work is to learn the pecularities of football terminology, its specificity, and influence English language on Russian in this particular sphere.aim determines the following tasks:
)To study history of football to know the background of forming of the football lexis.
2)To explore and describe football terminology to distinguish its pecularities as linguistic phenomenon.
)To investigate the influence of English language on Russian by the example of club nicknames, the origin of some football positions.
)To examine and analize English football phraseology.
)To compare Russian and English footbal lexis and to trace its connection.
For the data of the study such resources as Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary of Current English by Hornby A. S., The linguistics of Football by Eva Lavric. Gerhard Pisek. Andrew Skinner and some others were used. They provide the information on specific features of English terms and their defenitions.about the structure of the paper, it consists of two chapters.first chapter provides the information about the history of football. It describes the conditions of its formation.second chapter is dedicated to the specificity of the English football terms and their reflection in Russian. Its well-known that they were originated in England so thats why the research is based on English vocabulary. It shows that the question of football terminology is very important like the question of the loan words and loan translationsfrom English. Besides, it attends to English idioms and the nicknames of football clubs.the research were used linguistic analysis of football lexis, comparison of Russian and English concepts, etymological research of English and Russian football vocabulary.the practical use of the paper it can find its application at the lessons of PE, English, during the culturological surveys. Moreover, the information of the paper can be developed in further researches connecting with the football lexis or with the lexis in general., it is common knowledge that sport language is one of the most important sources of an enrichment of vocabulary. In this case studying of English football lexis gives the opportunity to extend knowledge about language in the whole.
Chapter 1. The history of football
Football is a well-established worldwide phenomenon, whose vocabulary is now to be found in most cultures. Undoubtidly, the history of this kind of sport influenced on its vocabulary greatly. So, it is very important to trace it from its origins to its codification in the middle of the 16th century in England when it was finally formed.
Although it may be impossible to accurately state when and where the game of football originated, history has shown us glimpses of a game similar to our present day version being played for over 3000 years.the 2nd or 3rd Century BC, it was documented that the Chinese military during the Han Dynasty played a game involving kicking a ball into a small net.game similar to football was played by the ancient Greeks and Romans but their game could include up to 27 players on a side compared to the modern day game of 11 players to a side.became one of the most popular sports of the masses due to its popularity as a war game. A game of "football" which the British called it was played in the east of England during the 8th Century where the head of a defeated Danish Prince was used as the ball.medieval times, villages and towns were pitted against each other in game battles that could take all day. There were no structured rules to abide by and kicking, biting, gouging and punching turned the game into a virtual battle of survival. These matches became so violent that the English authorities made many attempts to have football banned.Edward III from England passed laws in 1331 to abolish the game and Queen Elizabeth I had a law passed that provided a one week jail sentence for anyone caught playing football. [19]these efforts, the game of football became so popular in England over the next few centuries that it evolved as the most popular sport of its time.this point, the only shortcoming of the sport was its lack of rules or standards. In 1815, Eton College, a famous English school, established a set of rules to be implemented by other schools, colleges and universities.standardized version of these rules was later adopted in 1848 by most of England's colleges and universities that were known as the Cambridge Rules., at this point, there were still two different sets of rules being used. Some colleges favored the Rugby Rules which allowed carrying the ball with your hands, tripping and kicking to the shins which were contrary to the Cambridge Rules.1863, The Football Association was created by eleven English football clubs and schools to establish a single set of rules to be enforced when they played against each other.supporters of the Rugby School rules objected to the changes and the two groups split apart. The Football Association later changed the rules in 1869 where they forbade the use of hands, except by the goalkeeper, which led us to the game of football as we know it today. [17, 185]English still called it a game of "football" because the ball was played primarily with the feet but in the late 18th Century, the word, "soccer", was first used by a student of Oxford University by the name of Charles Wreford Brown. The students at Oxford were known for using slang where they added "er" to the end of words that they intentionally shortened. The game of Rugby was called "rugger". Brown shortened the word "association" and added "er" and the term "soccer" was born.the 19th Century the game has evolved to where it is today. It is the World's Game that is played by more people than any other sport and is universally recognized as the most popular game in sports history.World Cup which is held every four years to crown a World Champion draws millions of spectators to the 32 games played and is watched by billions of fans from around the globe thanks to modern day satellite television technology.popularity of football continues to grow as organized youth soccer programs are getting a young fan base involved at an early age which will fuel its growth for years to come. England was the first country to organize sport as a