М. В. Ломоносова Исторический факультет Кафедра новой и новейшей истории зарубежных стран плетнев с. А. Нэйтивизм в общественно-политической жизни США на исходе XIX столетия. Диплом
| Вид материала | Диплом |
- А. М. Горького кафедра новой и новейшей истории программа курса, 217.66kb.
- А. М. Горького кафедра новой и новейшей истории программа курса, 300.66kb.
- М. В. Ломоносова филологический факультет кафедра истории зарубежной литературы Диплом, 949.48kb.
- Лекция 1 Характеристика современной эпохи или что изучает новейшая история, 335.17kb.
- Программа и вопросы к экзамену по новой истории стран европы и америки (XVI xix вв.), 169.06kb.
- Темы и планы семинарских занятий по новой истории стран Европы и Америки 3 курса озо, 189.15kb.
- Контрольные вопросы по новой и новейшей истории стран запада и центральной и юго-восточной, 59.94kb.
- К. П. Победоносцев в общественно-политической и духовной жизни россии, 803.29kb.
- В. Г. Белинского исторический факультет гуманитарный учебно-методический и научно-издательский, 167.78kb.
- М. В. Ломоносова факультет государственного управления кафедра политического анализа, 755.43kb.
. P. 29.
95 Commons J. R. Races and Immigrants in America. N.Y., 1907. P. 12.
96 Gossett T. Race: The History of an Idea in America. P. 145.
97 Об этом он пишет в: Spencer H. The Man Versus the State. N.Y., 1884.
98 Цит по: Youmans E. L., ed., Herbert Spencer on the Americans, and the Americans on Herbert Spencer. N.Y., 1883. P.19-20.
99 Gossett T. Race: The History of an Idea in America. P.152; Spencer H, Principles of Sociology. N.Y., 1890-96. V.2, part 3. P.584-85; Life and Letters of Herbert Spencer, ed. David Duncan. N.Y., 1908. V. 1. P.380-81. V.2. P. 121, 135-36, 190.
100 Gossett T. Race: The History of an Idea in America. P.153.
101 Ibid. P.154.
102 Sumner W. G. The Challenge of Facts and Other Essays. N.Y., 1914. P.302 3.
103 Gossett T. Race: The History of an Idea in America. P.154.
104 Galton F. Inquiries Into Human Faculty and Its Development. 2nd ed. London, 1951. Introduction.
105 Galton F. Hereditary Genuis: An Inquiry Into its Laws and Consequencies. 3d ed. London, 1914. P. 413.
106 Himmelfarb G, Darwin and the Darwinian Revolution, 2nd edition. N.Y., 1962. P.402.
107 Galton F. Hereditary Genuis: An Inquiry Into its Laws and Consequencies. P. 392.
108 Ibid. P. 398, 413.
109 См., например: Bell A. G. How to Improve the Race.// Journal of Heredity. V..5 (January 1914).
110 Цит. по: Gossett T. Race: The History of an Idea in America. P.159.
111 Об их взглядах см.: Gossett T. Race: The History of an Idea in America. P.160 ff.
112 Барбара Соломон заметила, что в 1850-х годах бостонцы не поддерживали «ннезнаек», в то время как последние не предлагали ограничить иммиграцию. Solomon B. M. The Intellectual Background of the Immigration Restriction Movement in New England. P. 48.
113 Heald M. Business Attitudes Toward European Immigration, 1880–1900 // Journal of Economic History. V. 13, 1953. P.291-304.
114 Ibid. P. 303.
115 Boston Clothing Trade Advisory Board. Some Facts of Interest to Boston Clothing Merchants. Boston, 1889 // Immigration Restriction League. Newspapers Clippings, Collected by the Immigration Restriction League Related to Immigration. MD, HL, HU. Исследование представителей бостонских представителей отрасли посвящено «потогонным» мастерским Нью-Йорка. Цифры, подтверждающие уменьшение отрасли более чем в два раза и ее уход на второй план см. в: United States. Twelfth Census. 1900. Manufacture. Part 1. Wash., 1901. P. cclxxxv-vi, Table XVII; P. ccxxxviii-iv, Table XVIII..
116 Hourwich I. A. Immigration and Labor: The Economic Aspects of European Immigration to the United States. N.Y., 1912. P. 102: “…the demand for labor determines the character, as well as the volume, of immigration.”
117 Higham J. Strangers in the Land. P. 70.
118 Купер Д. М. Второй “золотой век” американской политики // Исторический образ Америки. М., 1994. С. 191.
119 Саломатин А. Ю. Социально-политическая стагнация или эволюция? “Позолоченный век” в США // Исторический образ Америки. С. 238-241.
120 Benson L. Turner and Beard: American Historical Writing Reconsidered. N.Y., 1966. P. 74-75.
121 Various Facts and Opinions Concerning the Necessity of Restricting Immigration // Immigration Restriction League. Publications of Immigration Restriction League. Boston, 1894-1903. Publication #1. Boston, 1894. MD, BPL. P. 1.
122 Boyesen H. H. Dangers of Unrestricted Immigration // Forum. V. 3 (July 1887). P. 534-535; Ford W. C. Regulating Immigration // Epoche. V.1 (April 15, 1887). P. 229-230; Mayo-Smith R. Control of Immigration // Political Science Quarterly. V. 3 (March, June, September 1888). P. 46-77, 197-225, 406-424.
123 Herbst J. Editor’s Introduction // Strong J. Our Country, Its Possible Future and Its Present Crisis, reprint of the rev. ed. of 1891. Cambridge (Mass.), 1963. (Далее—Strong J. Our Country.)
124 Holmes J. H. Strong Josiah // Dictionary of American Biography. V. 18. N.Y., 1936. P. 150.
125 Strong J. Our Country. P.52-53.
126 Ibid. P.53-55.
127 Ibid. P.57.
128 Strong J. The Twentieth Century City. N.Y., 1970. P.32.
129 Strong J. Our Country. P.55.
130 Mayo-Smith R. Emigration and Immigration. N.Y., 1890.
131 Publications of Immigration Restriction League. Boston, 1894-1903. MD,. BPL. Publication #2.
132 Mayo-Smith R. Emigration and Immigration. P.80.
133 Ibid.; Croswell S.G. Should Immigration Be Restricted? // North American Review. V.164 (March 1897). P.534.
134 Mayo-Smith R. Emigration and Immigration. P.86.
135 Ibid. P.87.
136 Ibid. P.88.
137 Walker F. A. The Tide of Economic Thought // American Economic Association, Publications. V. 6 (1-2), 1891.
138 Nation. V.53, Sept.17, 1891. P.210. // Immigration Restriction League. Newspapers Clippings, Collected by the Immigration Restriction League Related to Immigration. MD, HL, HU.
139 Lodge H. C. The Political Issues of 1892 // Forum. V. 12 (September 1891). P. 104.
140 Morgan A. What Shall We Do With the ‘Dago’? // Popular Science Monthly (December 1890); See also Makers of America—Natives and Aliens, 1891-1903. London, 1971. P.3-9.
141 Lodge H. C. Lynch Law and Unrestricted Immigration // North American Review. V.152 (May 1891).
142 Ibidem.
143 Higham J. Strangers in the Land. P. 142.
144 Munroe J. P. A Life of Francis Amasa Walker. N.Y., 1923. P. 300; о взглядах Уокера: Walker Francis A. Immigration and Degradation // Forum (August 1891), see also Makers of America—Natives and Aliens, 1891-1903. Immigration // Yale Review. V. 1 (August 1892); Restriction of Immigration // Atlantic Monthly. V. 78 (June 1896).
145 Hansborough H. Why Immigration Should Not Be Suspended // North American Review. V.156 (January 1893). P.224.
146 Hansborough H. The Harm of Immigration // Nation. V. 56 (January 19, 1893). P.43.
147 Роберт Келли, однако, замечает, что “большинство амриканцев были враждебно настроены к высшему образованию как непрактичному занятию аристократов и не доверяли ученым”. См. Kelly R. Op. Cit. P. 234.
148 Croswell S. Should Immigration Be Restricted? // North American Review. V.164 (March 1897). P. 535.
149 North American Review. V.154 (April 1892). P. 437 // Immigration Restriction League. A Collection of Clippings and Pamphlets on Immigration Restriction Published in the United States in the 1890s. MD. LL, HU;
150 Forum. V.8 (March 1892). P.113.
151 Public Papers and Adresses of Benjamin Harrison. March 4, 1889—March 4, 1893. N.Y., 1969. P. 154.
152 American Journal of Politics. V. 3 (October 1893). P.427 // Immigration Restriction League. A Collection of Clippings and Pamphlets on Immigration Restriction Published in the United States in the 1890s. MD, LL, HU.
153 Charities Review. V.3 (December 1893). P. 77 // Immigration Restriction League. A Collection of Clippings and Pamphlets on Immigration Restriction Published in the United States in the 1890s. MD, LL, HU.
154 Chandler W.E. Shall Immigration Be Suspended? // North American Review. V.156 (January 1893). P. 4.
155 Benson L. Op.Cit. P. 75.
156 Forum. Vol. 14 (January 1893). P.614.
157 Этот термин был впервые употреблен историком Кеннетом Булдингом еще в 1950-х гг., а затем полнее раскрыт в книге Сэмюэля Хэйса. См.: Hays S. P. The Response to Industrialism: 1885-1914. Chicago, 1957. P. 7 ff.; Boulding K. The Organizational Revolution: A Study in the Ethics of of Economic Organization. N.Y., 1953.
158 Об этом на примере первой такой организации (Anti-Saloon League) писал Остин Керр: Kerr A. K. Organizing for Reform: The Anti-Saloon League and Innovation in Politics // American Quarterly. V. 32 (1980). P. 37-53.
159 Ibid. P. 38.
160 Kerr A. K. Organized for Prohibition: A New History of Anti-Saloon League. New Haven, 1985. P. 4-5; Idem, Organizing for Reform: The Anti-Saloon League and Innovation in Politics P. 37, 39.
161 The Constitution of the Immigration Restriction League // Immigration Restriction League. Scrap-Books. May 1894–March 1898. Boston. 1894–1898. MD, BPL.
162 Ibidem.
163 Solomon B. Ancestors and Immigrants: Changing the New England Tradition. P. 117.
164 Who is Who in America, 1918-1918. Vol. 10. Chicago, 1919. P. 1888.
165 Об этом подробнее см.: Story R. The Forging of Aristocracy: Harvard and the Boston Upper Class, 1800-1870. Middletown (Conn.), 1980.
166 Hershfield R. A Study of the Impact of the Immigration Restriction League on American Immigration Policy. Unpublished Master Thesis. Ottawa, 1993. P. 29.
167 Cordasco F. Dictionary of American Immigrational History. P. 399; Benson L. Turner and Beard: American Historical Writing Reconsidered. N.Y., 1966. P. 74.
168 Immigration Restriction League. Reports of the Executive Committee for 1898, 1899 and 1900 // Immigration Restriction League. Scrap-Books. May 1894–March 1898. Boston. 1894–1898. MD, BPL; Higham J. Strangers in the Land. P. 156-157; Grant, Madison. Passing of the Great Race. N.Y., 1922.
169 Цит. по: Hershfield R. Op.Cit. P.29.
170 Immigration Restriction League. Reports of the Executive Committee for 1898, 1899 and 1900 // Immigration Restriction League. Scrap-Books. May 1894–March 1898. Boston. 1894–1898. MD, BPL.
171 Hershfield R. Op.Cit. P.13.
172 U.S. Industrial Commission. Reports of the Industrial Commission on Immigration and Education. Vol. XV. Wash., 1901. P. 115.
173 Ibid. P.107.
174 Solomon B. Ancestors and Immigrants: Changing the New England Tradition. P. 106.
175 Hamm R. F. Shaping the Eighteenth Amendment: Temperance, Reform, Legal Culture, and the Polity, 1880 1920. Chapel Hill, 1995. P. 133.
176 Immigration Restriction League. Reports of the Executive Committee for 1898, 1899 and 1900 // Immigration Restriction League. Scrap-Books. May 1894–March 1898. Boston. 1894–1898. MD, BPL.
177 Higham J. Strangers in the Land. P. 154.
178 Hall P. F. Immigration and Its Effects Upon the United States. N.Y., 1906. P. 101–105.
179 Ibid. P.100-104.
180 Hall P. F. Selection of Immigration // Immigration and Other Interests of Prescott Farnsworth Hall. Comp. by Mrs. Hall P.F. New York. 1922. P. 19.
181 Higham J. Strangers in the Land. P. 142-144.
182 Hall P.F. Selection of Immigration. P. 107-109.
183 Hall P.F. Immigration and Its Effects Upon the United States. P. 105.
184 Ibidem.
185 Hall P.F. Selection of Immigration. P. 13.