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Schools Abroad
Школа за границей
Independence Day
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Schools Abroad


In Britain all children from five to sixteen go to school.

They spend six years in "primary" school and then go on to

"secondary" school. In Britain there are "state" schools, which

are free and private schools for which parents pay. Many

British private schools are "boarding" schools. The children

there usually wear uniforms. They stay at school all the time

and only come home in the holidays.


In America all children from six to sixteen go to school.

They spend six years in "elementary" school and four or six

years in "secondary" or "high" school. At the end of every

school year the child takes a test. If he doesn't do well, he has

to repeat the material once more. If he does well he goes into

the next class. School education is free. Some schools have

modern teaching equipment like computers. But there are

also small country schools with just one classroom.


At the end of their time at school, most students get a high

school diploma. If they want to go on to college,they take

college admission tests. Teaching in both countries is usually

quite informal. Students often work together in groups and

go to the teacher only when they do need help.


Questions:

1. When do British children go to school?

2. Are there any free schools in Britain?

3. At what schools do British children wear uniforms?

4. What can you tell about education in America?

5. Teaching in both countries is very informal, isn't it?


Vocabulary:

free — бесплатный

equipment — оборудование

admission test —вступительный тест

primary (elementary) school — начальная школа

secondary school — средняя школа

bearding school — пансион


Школа за границей

В Британии все дети с пяти до шестнадцати лет ходят

в школу. Они проводят шесть лет в начальной школе, а

затем переходят в среднюю школу. В Британии есть бес-

платные государственные школы, частные, за которые ро-

дители платят. Многие английские частные школы — это

пансионы. Дети здесь обычно носят форму. Они все время

находятся в школе и только уезжают домой на каникулы.


В Америке дети ходят в школу с шести до шестнадцати

лет. Шесть лет они учатся в начальной школе и четыре

или шесть лет в средней или высшей школе. В конце

каждого учебного года ребенок сдает тест. Если он плохо

справляется, ему приходится повторять материал еще раз.

Если все получается хорошо, он переходит в следующий

класс. Школьное образование бесплатное. Некоторые шко-

лы имеют современное обучающее устройство наподобие

компьютера. Но также существуют маленькие сельские

школы лишь с одной классной комнатой.

В конце обучения большинство получают диплом выс-

шей школы. Если они хотят продолжить образование в

колледже, то проходят вступительные тесты в колледж.

Обучение в обеих странах обычно достаточно неофициаль-

ное. Студенты часто работают вместе в группах и обраща-

ются к учителю, когда им нужна помощь.

Independence Day


On July 4 the Americans celebrate their national holiday

— Independence Day. The United States gained independence

as a result of gradual and painful process. By the

mid 1700's, it became difficult for thirteen British colonies in

the New World to be ruled by a king 3000 miles across the

ocean. The British empire imposed high taxes upon the colonies.


In 1774, the First Continental Congress drew up a list of

grievances against the British crown. This document was the

first draft of the document that would formally separate

colonies from England. In 1775, the Revolutionary War began.

On July 2, 1776, the Second Continental Congress presented a

second draft of the list of grievances. On July 4, the Continental

Congress approved the Declaration of independence. But the

War of independence lasted until 1783. After the war

Independence Day became an official holiday.

On July 4, Americans have holiday from work. People have

day-long picnics with favorite foods like hot dogs, ham-burgers,

potato salad, baked beans. Lively music is heard everywhere.

People play baseball or compete at three-legged races or pieeating or water-melon-eating contests.


Some cities have parades with people dressed as the original founding fathers who march to the music of high school bands. In the evening people gather to watch firework displays. Wherever Americans are around the globe they will get together to celebrate Independence Day.


Questions:

1. When do Americans celebrate Independence Day?

2. Was the process of gaining independence easy?

3. What was the draft of the Declaration of independence?

4. When was the Declaration of independence approved?

5. Do Americans work on this day?

6. What is the traditional July 4 meal?

7. What activities are popular on this day?

Vocabulary:

independence — независимость

to celebrate — праздновать

gradual — постепенный

painful — болезненный

to impose taxes — облагать налогами

grievance — претензия

draft — проект

Revolutionary War — война за независимость

War of independence = Revolutionary War

Continental Congress — континентальный конгресс

to approve — утвердить

Declaration of independence — Декларация независимости

tree-legged races — бег наперегонки в парах; у каждой

пары две ноги связаны

pie-eating/water-melon-eating contests — соревнование,

цель которого съесть как можно больше пирога или

арбузов

founding fathers — отцы-основатели

firework — фейерверк