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Методические указания к выполнению контрольных работ по английскому языку для студентов заочников Мариуполь 2004

Вид материалаМетодические указания
Communications and control
The Mysterious Affair at Styles
The Mousetrap
Подобный материал:
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Communications and control


Engineers work on control systems ranging from the everyday, passenger-actuated, such as those that run a lift, to the exotic, such as systems for keeping spacecraft on course. Control systems are used extensively in aircraft and ships, in military fire-control systems, in power transmission and distribution, in automated manufacturing, and in robotics.


Контрольная работа № 4


Чтобы правильно выполнить задание 3, необходимо усвоить следующие разделы английского языка:
  1. Неличные формы глагола: инфинитив
  2. Прямая и косвенная речь
  3. Согласование времен
  4. Все формы Active и Passive Voice.


Вариант 1.


I. Перепишите предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на различные функции инфинитива.

  1. To translate this text I had to work much.
  2. Your work is to observe the rise of temperature.
  3. The engineers were glad to have obtained such good results in the tests of the new model.
  4. The method to be followed by us is rather interesting.


II. Перепишите предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на согласование времен.

  1. He says he will drive a car himself.
  2. He said he didn’t expect anybody to come in the evening.
  3. She said she had seen that magazine in our library.
  4. The professor asked Eric whether he had had any experienced in physics research.


III. Перепишите предложения; используйте косвенную речь. Переведите на русский язык.

  1. Helen said “My parents are well”. Helen said that …
  2. Helen said “I can read English”. Helen said that …
  3. Helen said “I am expecting visitors”. Helen said that …
  4. Helen asked me “Do you live in London?” Helen asked me...


IV. Перепишите предложения, раскрыв скобки и употребив глагол в соответствующей временной форме Indefinite Active и Passive. Переведите.

  1. Many accidents (to cause) by dangerous driving.
  2. Two hundred people (to employ) by the company next year.
  3. S. Kovalevskaya (to make) a valuable addition to the results submitted by famous scientists.
  4. The roof of the building (to damage) in a storm a few days ago.


V. Переведите предложения на английский язык.

  1. Дом – это здание, в котором мы живем.
  2. Учитель спросил хорошо ли я выучил новые слова.
  3. Когда изобрели телефон?
  4. К концу февраля я сдам все экзамены.


VI. Перепишите текст и переведите его на русский язык.


Charles Dickens


Charles Dickens, one of the greatest and most popular English novelists, was born on the 7th of February, 1812, in a small English town. He was a weak child and did not like to take part in noisy and active games. The little boy was very clever and learnt to read at an early age. He read a lot of books in his childhood. When he was about six, someone took him to the theatre for the first time. He saw a play by Shakespeare and liked it so much that he decided to write a play of his own. When it was ready, he performed it with some of his friends. Everybody enjoyed the performance, and the little writer felt very happy.

When Dickens was nine years old, the family moved to London where they lived in an old house in the suburbs.

They had a very hard life. They were several younger children in the family besides Charles. The future writer could not even go to school, because at that time his father was in the Marshalsea Debtors’ Prison. The was nobody in London to whom Mr. Dickens could go for money, and his wife with all the children except Charles went to join him in the prison.

Charles was only able to start going to school when he was nearly twelve, and his father was out of prison. He very much wanted to study, but he did not finish his schooling. After two years of school he began working again. He had to work hard to earn his living, and tried very many trades, but he did not like any of them. His ambition was to study and become a well-educated man. At the age of fifteen he often went to the famous library of the British Museum. He spent a lot of time in the library reading-room. He read and studied there and in this way he got an education.

Later Dickens described his childhood and youth in some of his famous novels, among them “Little Dorrit” and “David Copperfield”.

The great writer died more than a hundred years ago (in 1870), but everybody still enjoys reading his books.


Вариант 2.


I. Перепишите предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на различные функции инфинитива.

  1. To make this experiment is very important.
  2. To build up a magnetic field requires the expenditure of a certain amount of energy.
  3. Another important factor to have been referred to in that article was that current strength was equal at all points of a series circuit.


II. Перепишите предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на согласование времен.

  1. She thinks (that) they will speak about great achievements in nuclear physics.
  2. We asked him if such minerals occurred in Pamirs.
  3. The professor asked him why he had chosen, of all professions, nuclear physics.
  4. They thought that no accidents could happen through human weakness.


III. Перепишите предложения; используйте косвенную речь. Переведите на русский язык.

  1. Charlie said “My father isn’t very well”. Charlie said that …
  2. Charlie said “I can drive a car”. Charlie said that …
  3. Charlie said “I am not enjoying my job very much”. Charlie said that …
  4. Charlie asked me “Do you often go to the library?”. Charlie asked me …


IV. Перепишите предложения, раскрыв скобки и употребив глагол в соответствующей временной форме Indefinite Active и Passive. Переведите.

  1. An interesting problem (to discuss) at the lecture every week.
  2. All the work (to do) by automatic machinery tomorrow.
  3. Jokyo police (to use) an oxygen-inhaller after on hour of directing traffic.
  4. In their room they (to begin) to examine the more than 10,000 precious objects they had had dug out from the earth.


V. Переведите предложения на английский язык.

  1. Библиотека – это место, в котором мы берем книги.
  2. Мама спросила ходил ли сын за покупками.
  3. Когда открыли рентгеновские лучи?
  4. К концу недели я выполню перевод.


VI. Перепишите текст и переведите его на русский язык.


William Shakespeare

(1564-1616)


The great poet and dramatist William Shakespeare is often called by his people “Our National Bard”, “The Immoral Poet of Nature” and “The Great Unknown”.

Little indeed can be told about his life with certainty, even the year of his birth is much doubted. Yet, a patient research among old tomes of the 16th century has helped some scholars if not to restore his biography, at least to bring back the personality of the dramatist, who being the greatest was at the same time the humblest of poets.

Shakespeare’s native place was Stratford-on-Avon, a little town in Warwickshire, which is generally described as being in the middle of England.

John Shakespeare, the poet’s father, was engaged in the wool industry. he had some pasture land of his own, and also rented a house and land belonging to Robert Arden (3 miles from the town) whose youngest daughter Mary he later married. When his business prospered, the couple settled in Stratford.

Some documents of the time indicate that John Shakespeare was illiterate; he marked his name by a cross because he was unable to write it. John and Mary Shakespeare had eight children, four girls and four boys, but their two eldest daughters died at an early age. The third child that was born to them was a son. He was named William.

William was a boy of a free and open nature, much like his mother who was a woman of a lively disposition.

There was a free Grammar School at Stratford. The priest of the Church was also schoolmaster. At this school William Shakespeare learned to read and spell and was taught his first Latin.

In Shakespeare’s time there was much guess-work in the way English children were taught to read. Reading was the same as learning by heart. If, for example, the children had to learn the word “BAR”, the first two letters were given – BA, the last letter R was replaced by a sign shaped like a horn - - ’ (BA’). The pupil had to guess this last missing consonant. A book of such exercises was called the “Horn-book”. Shakespeare gives an example of such an exercise in his play “Love’s Labour’s Lost” (“Love’s Labour Is Lost”).

“What is A, B, spelt backwards with a horn to it?” The answer should have been BAR, but the boy said, “It’s a most silly sheep with a horn on the head.” (Bah … Bah …)

It was not easy to learn by such a rebus-like method. The schoolmasters of the 16th century kept up discipline according to the proverb: “Spare the rod and you spoil the child”.

William Shakespeare was still a boy when he began to set and produce plays. Though he had to work hard in his father’s business nothing would make him give up his hobby.


Вариант 3.


I. Перепишите предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на различные функции инфинитива.

  1. To discover the properties of the new elements Mendeleyev had to work much.
  2. The duty of every student is to master at least one foreign language.
  3. Ishernov was proud to have found the best temperatures for the hot working of steel.
  4. The device to be tested has been brought to our laboratories.


II. Перепишите предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на согласование времен.

  1. He asks whether you can read English.
  2. He head of the research laboratory said that he was not completely satisfied with the results achieved.
  3. The professor asked Eric whether he had had any experience in (physics) chemistry research.
  4. We were told that we should have to consult a schedule.


III. Перепишите предложения; используйте косвенную речь. Переведите на русский язык.

  1. Tom said “My wife isn’t very well.” Tom said that …
  2. Tom said “I am going to drive.” Tom said that …
  3. Tom said “I can’t come to the party on Friday.”

Tom said that …
  1. Tom said “I want to go away for a holiday.” Tom said that …


IV. Перепишите предложения, раскрыв скобки и употребив глагол в соответствующей временной форме Indefinite Active и Passive. Переведите.

  1. The porch the building (to damage) in a storm a few days ago.
  2. Water (to cover) most of the Earth’s surface.
  3. While I was on holiday, my camera (to disappear) from my hotel room.
  4. In the United States, elections for President (to hold) every four years.


V. Переведите предложения на английский язык.

  1. Кинотеатр – это место, где демонстрируют фильмы.
  2. Подруга спросила хорошо ли я подготовилась к контрольной работе.
  3. Когда изобрели радио?
  4. К концу лета я закончу своё исследование.



VI. Перепишите текст и переведите его на русский язык.


Daniel Defoe

(1661 – 1731)


Daniel Defoe was born in 1661 in London. His father was a butcher. The family were non-conformists (Dissenters) which means that they did not go to the Anglican Church. Their name was Foe, and Daniel was about forty years of age when he first changed his signature D. Foe into the surname of Defore. His father was wealthy enough to give his son a good education. Daniel used to say that his father did not spare himself and gave him the best education he could afford. Daniel was to become a minister (a priest) in the Nonconformist Church, therefore at the age of 14 he was placed in an academy for the training of ministers, and remained there for the full course of five years.

When his training was completed, he refused to devote himself to the ministry, as in his opinion it was neither honourable, pleaslent nor profitable. He decided to engage in business as a hose merchant. It was his cherished desire to become a wealthy merchant, but his dream never came true though he was energetic and practical, a business man to the finger-tips. Defoe was a complete failure in business and went bankrupt several times. He was always deep in debt. In 1692, he had to flee from his creditors. “Thirty times I was rich and poor”, he used to say. The only branch of business in which he proved successful was journalism and literature.

When Defoe was about 23, he started writing pamphlets on questions of the hour. In his first pamphlet he attacked the policy of Charles II, but he did not sign it. Defoe wrote exactly what he chose and did not care whether the government liked it or not. Naturally sometimes his pamphlets got him into trouble. In 1685, he took part in the revolt led by the Duke of Monmouth (the bastard son of Charles II) against James II. Monmouth hoped to be made king by the Protestants. The rebellion was put down, and Defoe narrowly escaped prosecution by Judge Jeffreys whose cruelty to the common people and to the Dissenters has never been forgotten.

When the Protestant king, William III, came to power (1688), Defoe started writing pamphlets praising his policy. It was the beginning of Defoe’s literary career. In his “Essay on Projects” Defoe anticipated the greatest public improvements of modern times: higher education for women, the protection of seamen, the constraction of highways and the opening of saving-banks. He urged the esteblishment of a special academy to study literature and languages.


Вариант 4.


I. Перепишите предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на различные функции инфинитива.

  1. To read is a great pleasure.
  2. Mendeleyev left blank spaces in his Table for the elements to be discovered in future.
  3. The term “pure metal” is used to describe a material from which all chemical elements but one have eliminated.
  4. Experiments helped Mendeleyev to discover the properties of new elements.


II. Перепишите предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на согласование времен.

  1. He says that he doesn’t expect anybody to come in the evening.
  2. When I was leaving Moscow my adviser asked me whether I would have any opportunity to go on with my work.
  3. The mother asked the teacher if her child had studied properly.
  4. He said he would return home about 3 o’clock.

III. Перепишите предложения; используйте косвенную речь. Переведите на русский язык.

  1. Ann said “My husband is ill.” Ann said that …
  2. Ann said “I have never been to the United States.”

Ann said that …
  1. Ann said “I don’t have any brothers or sisters.”

Ann said that …

4. Ann said “My friend has a well-paid job.” Ann said that …


IV. Перепишите предложения, раскрыв скобки и употребив глагол в соответствующей временной форме Indefinite Active и Passive. Переведите.

  1. It’s a big company. It (to employ) two hundred people.
  2. This house (to build) in by my grandfather in 1930.
  3. We (to wake up) by a loud noise during the night.
  4. The letter (to post) next week.


V. Переведите предложения на английский язык.

  1. Магазин – это место, где покупают товары и продукты.
  2. Его спросили умет ли он водить машину.
  3. Когда изобрели телевидение?
  4. К концу года я напишу диссертацию.


VI. Перепишите текст и переведите его на русский язык.


Agatha Christie

(1891-1976)


Agatha Christie known throughout the world as the Queen of Crime was born at Torquay, Devonshire. She was educated at home and took singing lessons in Paris. At the end of World War I she began writing. Her first novel, The Mysterious Affair at Styles appeared in 1920. Here she created Hercule Poirot, the little Belgian detective with the egg-shaped head and the passion for order – the most popular sleuth in fiction since Sherlock Holmes. General recognition came with the publication of her sixth title, The Murder of Roger Ackroyd (1926). With Murder at the Vicarage (1930) Agatha Christie began a series of novels featuring Miss Marple, this time a lady detective who won a universal appeal for her wise but unimposing methods of unraveling a crime.

Beginning with 1952 Agatha Christie enjoyed another run of success with theatre adaptations of her fiction and plays ( The Mousetrap is still staged after thirty years). many of her stories have been filmed including The Secret Adversary, The Murder of Roger Ackroyd (cinema title Alibi), Ten Little Niggers, Murder on the Orient Express and Witness for the Prosecution, the most famous of them. Agatha Christie also wrote six romantic novels under the pen-name Mary Westmacott. Her last Poirot book, Curtain, appeared shortly before her death (though written in the 1940s) and her last Miss Marple story, Sleeping Murder and her Autobiography were published posthumously.

She is the author of seventy-seven detective novels and books of stories that have been translating into every major language.

Ahatha Christie’s success with millions of readers cannot be accounted for by the name fact that her simple prose provided good entertainment; the explanation lies in her ability to combine clever plots with excellent character drawing, and a keen sense of humour with great powers of observation that result in social scenery of a wide range. Besides her books seem to proclaim that justice will prevail and evil will be conquered even by one man’s effort; they defend rationality and never go beyond those aspects of human nature that are our common stock.


Вариант 5.


I. Перепишите предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание различные функции инфинитива.

  1. To defend the country is the scared duty of every citizen.
  2. The task set before the metallurgists of the 20th centuary to develop new metals capable of withstanding very high temperatures is of great importance.
  3. Scientists should take into consideration the behavior of metals under various conditions.
  4. Lavoisier was the first to discover the importance of quantitative analysis of chemical elements.


II. Перепишите предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на согласование времен.

  1. He asks whether you can read English.
  2. They asked if I was expecting visitors.
  3. We were told that we should have to consult a schedule.
  4. Eric explained that he really didn’t know enough about any of them because all he had had as a student were the usual courses in mechanics, light, thermodynamics and electricity.


III. Перепишите предложения; используйте косвенную речь. Переведите на русский язык.

  1. Jane said “My children are very well.” Jane said that …
  2. Jane said “I am going to study French.” Jane said that …
  3. Jane said “John has given up his job.” Jane said that …
  4. Jane said “I can’t come to the party on Friday.”

Jane said that …


IV. Перепишите предложения, раскрыв скобки и употребив глагол в соответствующей временной форме Indefinite Active и Passive. Переведите.

  1. The situation is serious. Something must (to do) before it’s two late.
  2. A decision will not (to make) until the next morning.
  3. My umbrella disappeared. Somebody (to take) it.
  4. It’s not certain how the fire started but it might (to cause) by an electric fault.


V. Переведите предложения на английский язык.

  1. Книжный шкаф – это место, где хранят книги.
  2. Врач спросил, хорошо ли я себя чувствую.
  3. Кто изобрел компьютер?
  4. К концу лета он напишет книгу.


VI. Перепишите текст и переведите его на русский язык.


John Galsworthy

(1867 – 1933)


Born into an upper-class family, John Galsworthy was educated at Harrow and New College, Oxford. In 1890 he was called to the Bar. With a view to specializing in marine law, he took a voyage around the world, during which he encountered Joseph Conrad, then mate of a merchant ship, who became his lifelong friend. Galsworty found law uncongenial and took to writing. For his first works From the four Winds (1897), a volume of short stories, and the novels Jocelyn (1898) and Villa Rubein (1900), he used the pseudonym “John Sinjohn”. The first book to appear under his own name was The Island Pharisees (1904).

Galsworthy achieved his first success with The man of Property (1906) which began the famous novel sequence The Forsyte Saga to be continued with In Chancery (1920) and To Let (1921). The record of the Forsyte family, representatives of the Victorian and Edwardian moneyed classes, is resumed in A Modern Comedy depicting English post-war life and consisting of The White Monkey (1924), The Silver Spoon (1926), and Swan Song (1928) and in the final trilogy End of the Chapter (1934). The author’s shrewd study of middle-class mentality turned his characters into bywords. Galsworthy’s non-Forsyte novels include The Country House (1907), Fraternity (1909), The Patrician (1911), The Freelands (1915), A Saint’s Progress (1919).

A passionate partisan of liberal humanitarianism, Galsworthy had little sympathy with the literary movements of his time. He always kept up with the best traditions of realism in literature recognizing that his art was greatly influenced by Turgenev and Tolstoy. His novels and plays give a true picture of English bourgeois society in the late nineteenth and early twenties centuries, showing the steady decline of the class he himself belonged to. Galsworthy was awarded the Nobel Prize for literature in 1932.

Список использованной литературы:
  1. Петрова А.В. Самоучитель англ. языка / Петрова А.В. – Харьков: Проминь, 1999. – 432с.
  2. Полякова Т.Ю. Английский язык для инженеров / Т.Ю. Полякова, Е.В. Синявская, О.И. Тынкова, Э.С. Улановская – Москва: Высшая школа, 2000. – 463с.
  3. Агабекян И.П. Английский язык для технических вузов / И.П. Агабекян – Ростов-на-Дону: Феникс, 2001, - 350с.
  4. Красинская М.С. 1992 Учебник англ. Яз. / Красинская М.С, - Высшая школа, 320с.
  5. Grammar Spectrum, Oxford University Press, 1999.
  6. Grammar Murphy, Cambridge University Press, 1999.
  7. Oxford University Press, 1998.