Учебное пособие Для студентов вузов Кемерово 2010

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CanadaFact File
Canada/s 3 territories
Ex. 2. Read the following international words and guess their meanings. Check the words in bold type in the dictionary
Topical Vocabulary
Verbs and verb combination
Government and Economy
Verbs and verb combination
Ex. 3. Practise conversion. Form new words according to the model.
Ex. 4. Find in the texts given below the words formed with the help of conversion and state what part of speech they belong to.
Ex. 7. a) Make up as many word combinations as you can choosing from A and B. Translate them into Russian.

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Ex. 1. Make report on your favorite American writer and his/her book.

Canada

Fact File

Name origin: Canada comes from an Indian word kanata, meaning ‘a village’ or ‘a settlement’.

Total area: 9,984,670 square km

Population: 33,574,000

Official languages: English and French

Ethnic groups: 80.0 % European (English, French, Scottish, Irish, German, Russian, others), 4.0% South Asian, 3.9% Chinese, 3.8% Native Indians, 3.3% other Asians, 2.5% African Canadians, 2.5% others.

Motto: ‘From Sea to Sea’

National anthem: 'О, Canada'

Royal anthem: ' God Save the Queen'

Capital: Ottawa

Largest city: Toronto

Government: federal parliamentary democracy and constitutional monarchy

Canada’s 10 Provinces: Newfoundland and Labrador, Prince Edward Island, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Quebec, Ontario, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta, British Columbia.

Canada/s 3 territories: Nunavut, Yukon Territory and Northwest Territories

Head of state: Queen Elizabeth II (symbolic)

Longest river: the Mackenzie River (2,241 km long)

Highest mountain: Mount Logan (5,959 metres high)

Currency: Canadian dollar

National holiday: Canada Day (the first of July)

National symbols: the maple leaf and the beaver

Ex. 1. Practise the pronunciation of the following geographical names:

Canada [^/kxnədə] – Канада

Newfoundland and Labrador [_/nju:^/fənd^/lxnd ^/lxbrədL] –Ньюфаундленд и Лабрадор (провинции Канады)

Nova Scotia [^/nOuvə^/skouSə] – Новая Шотландия

Prince Edward Island [^/prins ^/edwəd ^/ailənd] – Остров Принца Эдуарда

New Brunswick [^/nju: ^/brAnzwik] – Нью-Брансуик

Quebec [kwi^/bek] – Квебек

Ontario [On^/tFəriou] – Онтарио

Manitoba [_/mxnitoubə] – Манитоба

Saskatchewan [sxs^/kxtSiwOn] – Саскачеван

Alberta [xl^/bə:tə] - Альберта

British Columbia [britiS kə^/lAmbiə] – Британская Колумбия

Northwest Territories [^/nO:T^/west teritəriz] – северо-западные территории

Yukon [^/ju:kən] – Юкон

Ottawa [^/Otəwə] – Оттава

Toronto [tə^/rOntou] – Торонто

Montreal [mOntri^/O:l] – Монреаль

Vancouver [vxn^/ku:və] – Ванкувер

Greenwich mean time (GMT) [^/grinidZ mi:n ^/taim] – среднее время по гринвичскому меридиану

Ex. 2. Read the following international words and guess their meanings. Check the words in bold type in the dictionary:

N	A	V
federation region debate resident territory province prairies monarchy population reservation religion standard colonies constitution migration	national general collective central official potential total historic ethnic parliamentary civil special legendary romantic delicious	to occupy to separate to present to illustrate to symbolize to debate to guarantee
	creative

Topical Vocabulary

Canada

Nouns

unguarded boundary hospitable area quarter flat mid-western provinces prairies the national anthem a distinctive country newcomers tolerance fairness justice ambition perseverance settlement area motto monarchy currency maple beaver North Pole Arctic North Northern Lights coastline whale-watching glacier hoodoo honeymoon fossil fortune Inuktitut craze	неохраняемая граница гостеприимная область четверть (1/4) провинции среднего запада прерии, степь национальный гимн особенная страна новые поселенцы терпимость честность справедливость честолюбие, стремление упорство, настойчивость, стойкость колония, поселение площадь девиз монархия валюта клен бобр Северный полюс Арктический Север северное сияние береговая линия наблюдение за китами ледник худу (необычное горное образование) медовый месяц ископаемое, окаменелость богатство, удача, счастье инуктитут (язык инуитов - эскимосов) мания, увлечение
Verbs and verb combination
to huddle to be spread to celebrate to have faitn and hope to respect to endure to recover to surround to inhabit	толпиться, тесниться простираться праздновать иметь веру и надежду уважать выносить, выдерживать выздоравливать, приходить в себя окружать населять
Adjective
average diverse ethnic	средний различный этнический, национальный

Government and Economy

Nouns

government monarchy state	правительство монархия государство
monarch’s representative the upper house the lower house	представитель монарха верхняя палата парламента нижняя палата парламента
rubber stamp	резиновая печать (штемпель)
abolition debate	устранение, отмена дебаты, спор
governing party legislation lieutenant governor domain proclamation unwritten convention standard of living timber wheat barley motor vehicles civil service insurance trading partner ownership trunk no duty paid smuggling liguor solution	правящая партия законодательство губернатор провинции владения, территория декларация устная конвенция, договор уровень жизни лес пшеница ячмень траспортные средства общественный сервис страхование торговый партнер собственность чемодан, багажник неоплаченная пошлина контрабанда, незаконный ввоз или вывоз товаров ликер решение
Verbs and verb combination
to rule to act to be elected to run the country to initiate to be presided over to enjoy to be accustomed to to take for granted to account for to draw away to hide	править, управлять действовать, издавать законы быть избранным управлять страной начинать, предпринимать осуществлять контроль наслаждаться привыкнуть к чему-либо само собой разумеется объяснять уводить прятать
Adjectives
parliamentary abundant natural renewable arable recent foreign lucrative	парламентский обильный, богатый естественный возобновляемый пахотный, обрабатываемый недавний иностранный прибыльный

Ex. 3. Practise conversion. Form new words according to the model.

Model: Noun → Verb

head → to head

голова, глава → возглавлять

work	работа	to work	_______
place	место	to place	_______
land	земля	to land	_______
house	_______	to house	вмещать
welcome	приветствие	_______	приветствовать
symbol	_______	to symbol	символизировать
visit	посещение, визит	_______	посещать
kiss	_______	to kiss	целовать
date	дата	to date	_______
mistake	ошибка	to mistake	_______
face	_______	to face	сталкиваться (с проблемами)
hope	_______	to hope	надеяться
mind	_______	to mind	возражать
affect	влияние	_______	влиять на
help	помощь	_______	помогать

Ex. 4. Find in the texts given below the words formed with the help of conversion and state what part of speech they belong to.

Ex. 5. Read and translate the following word combinations formed according to the model N+N

name origin, human population, language laws, winter festival, country’s motto, the North Pole, glacier creation, maple tree, sandstone formation, dinosaur fossils, polar bears, honeymoon capital, gold rush, Viking settlement, business centre, public face, adventure stories, ice hockey.

b) Make up your own sentences with these word combinations.

Ex. 6. Choose the word that is similar or synonymous to the underlined word

large	big	total	whole
population	people	nation	union
area	territory	country	square
resident	citizen	man	inhabitant
total	whole	huge	enormous
to consist of	to include	to complete	to conclude
to watch	to see	to observe	to look
to search	to find	to look for	to seek
to create	to make	to construct	to form
fortune	wealth	future	fate
settlement	city	town	village

Ex. 7. a) Make up as many word combinations as you can choosing from A and B. Translate them into Russian.

A) B)

average

southern

unguarded

hospitable

coastal

flat mid-western

polar

maple

dinosaur

strange-looking

beautiful

legendary

official

historic

unique

national

native

wonderful

natural

border

bears

formation

stories

languages

buildings

sports

people

minerals

resources

wonder

waterfalls

fossils

tree

provinces

area

boundary

Canadian farm

parks

b) Make up sentences with these word combinations.

Ex. 8. Read and translate the sentences paying special attention to the underlined words.

Canada is the second largest country in the world – nearly as big as all of Europe.
The four eastern coastal provinces are known as the Atlantic Provinces or the Maritime Provinces the latter term often excluding Newfoundland.
It’s the longest unguarded national boundary in the world.
The southern region is the warmest and most hospitable area of the country.
The latest big craze in Canada is whale-watching.
There are more polar bears in Canada than in any other country in the world.
Canada is one of the wealthiest countries in the world.
The largest part of the economy includes an enormous civil service.
Canadians let people live as they wish, as long as they do not limit how others live.

Ex. 9. Insert a suitable word from the box.

In the countryside … is very thinly spread.
The southern region is the warmest and the most … area of the country.
The country is made up of … .
Some people believe that Canada owns … .
Canada’s Arctic North is an excellent place for watching … .
Nearly one-fourth of all … in the world is in Canada.
… cover almost half of Canada’s territory.
The strange-looking sandstone formations in the province of Alberta are called … .
Jack London turned his Klondike adventures into fame with his legendary … .
The first people came to Canada from … .
The first European to visit Quebec was … .
Today, eight out of every ten people in Quebec are of … origin.
Montreal is a friendly and romantic place where couples … on the street and strangers … to each other.

French, Siberia, Jacques Cartier of France, kiss, talk, the North pole, the Northern lights, “hoodoos”, forests, the fresh waters, short stories and books, the population, 10 provinces and 3 territories, hospitable.

Ex. 10. Answer the following questions.

Have you ever been to Canada?
Do you know the capital of Canada?
What places of interest would you like to visit in Canada?
Is Canada a very cold place with long winters?
Where is Canada situated?
How many official languages are there in Canada?

Ex. 11. Read and translate the text into Russian.

Canada

I

Canada is the second largest country in the world — nearly as big as all of Europe. Only the Russian Federation is larger. The population is 33.5 million people. In the countryside the population is very thinly spread — the average Canadian farm is 200 hectares in size.

Nearly 90% of Canadians, though, huddle along the 6379-km southern border with the USA. It's the longest unguarded national boundary in the world. The southern region is, of course, the warmest, most hospitable area of the country and also has the best land and waterways. About three-quarters of the population lives in the towns and cities in this part of the country.

The country is made up of 10 provinces and three territories. The four eastern coastal provinces are known as the Atlantic Provinces or the Maritime Provinces, the latter term often excluding Newfoundland. The three generally flat mid-western provinces are the prairies. Ontario and Quebec are collectively termed central Canada, although Canadians will often refer to this area as eastern Canada.

The provinces (from east to west) are Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, New Brunswick, Quebec, Ontario, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta and British Columbia. The territories are: the Northwest Territories, the Yukon and Nunavut.

Much of Canada is a very cold place with long winters. In the northern islands it is often cold even in summer. Stephen Leacock, a famous Canadian humorist once wrote that life in Canada consisted of preparing for winter, enduring winter and recovering from winter.

Canada is surrounded by three oceans – the Pacific, the Atlantic and the Arctic. It has the longest coastline in the world: 243,000 kilometers. No wonder the country’s motto is “from sea to sea”. The latest big craze in Canada is whale-watching. Special boats go out into the ocean – at the right place and at the right time – and you have a 99% chance of seeing whales.

Some people believe that Canada owns the North Pole. It’s true that 40% of the country’s territory is in the Arctic North, but the North Pole is not owned by any country. However, many Canadians (especially children) believe that Santa Claus is from Canada. Canada’s Arctic North is an excellent place for watching the Northern Lights. There are more polar bears in Canada than in any other country in the world. Sometimes they even come to villages and towns in search of food. Polar bears are very big (they weigh up to 600 kilos) and may be dangerous (especially if you run from them).

Nearly one-fourth of all the fresh water in the world is in Canada. Canada has more lakes than any other country. Many of the lakes were created by glaciers. There are lots of rivers in Canada too.

Canada is one of the wealthiest countries in the world. Much of the country’s wealth lies in its many mines and forests. Minerals such as coal, copper, nickel, and iron ore are found in the mines. Forests cover almost half of Canada’s territory. A red maple tree is used to represent Canada and appears on the Canadian flag.

There are strange-looking sandstone formations in the province of Alberta. They are called “hoodoos”. They were created by wind and water. Scientists have also found lots of dinosaur fossils there.

There are 42 national parks in Canada. They were created to protect the forests, animals and plants. The oldest National Park is Banff in Alberta. It was created in 1885 in the Canadian Rocky Mountains. Niagara Falls is one of the world’s wonders. These beautiful waterfalls can be found on the border between Canada and the United States. This place is often called “the honeymoon capital of the world.”

The Yukon is a territory in northwest Canada where the Klondike Gold Rush took place in 1890s. Jack London came to the Yukon in September of 1897. He was 21 years old and full of hopes to find gold. Although he didn’t become rich, he later turned his Klondike adventures into fame and fortune with his legendary short stories and books.

Newfoundland is the oldest Viking settlement in North America. The Vikings first landed in North America well before Christopher Columbus was even born. It happened about 1,000 years ago. But the territory of Canada had been inhabited for thousands of years before the Vikings’ arrival. The first people came to Canada from Siberia. It happened in the middle of the Ice Age, about 27,000 ago. They crossed a bridge of land which joined Siberia and Alaska.

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Учебное пособие Для студентов вузов Кемерово 2010

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