Private sector and human-resource development in Georgia
Курсовой проект - Экономика
Другие курсовые по предмету Экономика
0,1361,4395,4Wool, in net weight 6,3 3,1 1,7 1,9 1,9Silk cocoon 1,9 0,0500Honey 0,7 1,5 1,4Source: Georgian Social-economic indexes, 2000y. Interfax, 04.02.2002
Data series for livestock output
YearMeatEggsMilkPublicPrivatePublicPrivatePublicPrivate191349,449,4119119222222192862,062,0----194075,066,6251,1250,1357,8317,8194537,424,5104,298,4266,4221,4195051,133,0156,3148,2292,5210,0195583,754,8236,9221,8414,2256,6196090,453,5221,3180,8487,1271,0196592,865,6305,2225,1470,7286,11970104,275,2397,3250,6518,1310,31975206,886,4536,8228,8574,9306,71980143,182,3654,9330,0642,2340,91985166,484,3822,7224,3684,4380,21986172,289,7879,8237,9721,7395,11987174,689,5887,2238,7724,2395,21988172,188,0890,2243,7730,5407,81989178,868,0860,8260,7711,4411,41990170,381,9769,2263,4659,4402,51991137,292,0638,1292,6562,3379,21992113,488,6297,3184,2469,5380,21993100,490,0242,8205,3433,1387,51994108,3102,8250,6239,5429,3403,61995115,4112,0269,4261,4475,4455,81996117,8116,0350,2348,5530,3514,31997120,7119,1370,4370,4600,2589,11998104,1103,5380,4377,0634,7627,71999101,0100,1390,1386,4660,3655,52000107,9107,3361,4357,2618,9615,72001102,4395,4710,0
Productivity of Agricultural Cultures
1990 1995199619971998199920002001Winter wheat28,212,213,317,711,020,410,426,7Maize25,227,133,027,320,522,316,214,8Tobacco11,28,39,211,311,711,910,3Sunflower5,82,01,28,94,96,22,36,9Potato105,6152,0121,0130,0106,4130,088,9112,2Vegetables110,6140,0136,0151,092,296,093,488,0Melon105,360,5110,094,038,3131,797,6Perennial grass27,616,414,727,626,323,911,4Maize in silage 95,123,027,475,060,454,2-Fruit58,041,840,340,449,252,0Citruses169,890,369,450,557,737,0Grape67,647,536,440,536,335,0Tea leaves90,012,610,410,519,525,0
Machine Park (condition by the end of year) x1000
Technical means1988199419982000DemandTractor27,218,210,718,0Combine1,81,20,91,2Loading machine26,312,68,8Pumping mounting1,40,40,30,5Sprayer0,90,40,20,1Source: SSD
Technical Dynamic in Agrarian Sector of Georgia
YearTractorGrain combinePloughCultivatorSeeding machineTractor-drawn implementMineral fertilization throwerSprinklerLoading machine198826.8061.57610.3435.3704.23710.4902.5344.85120.182199026.0001.3438.3394.3703.8528.5892.3734.02717.800199223.0091.2366.7203.1842.9876.8461.8322.92815.255199320.8001.1405.4912.6262.7375.2511.6352.26213.823199418.2001.0805.3652.5672.6925.2981.3192.20613.240199515.1609495.2162.3072.0185.2651.0841.90512.860199615.2409965.2322.3352.0645.4831.1921.62812.371199717.5831.0185.3672.3401.9105.6171.2301.49812.110199817.2409694.1901.7501.8705.0839491.45010.353199918.1471.0644.4342.3461.9125.6101.0301.42810.240200017.1991.0024.5282.2161.5755.6007091.1029.3982001Source: The Ministry of Agriculture and Food
Food consumption in Georgia (1999)
Kg per capitaScientific standard,
KgConsumption as
% Of standardBread, flour, grouts, legumes141,1125113Meat & meat products 19,8 78 25Milk and milk products 209 405 52Eggs, pieces124,6232 54Fish and canned fish 1,3 10,2 13Sugar 24,8 40 62Margarine & other fats 9,0 9100Potatoes 47,6110 43Vegetables, melons 66,8130 51Fruit and grape 43,5 90 48Source: State Department for Statistics of Georgia
Consumption of energy, fat and albumen by population in Georgia
IndexMeasurementDwelling minimumIn rational nourishment conditionsActual 2000 yearEnergyKW in day and night2.2503.2002630AlbumenGr. in day and night 74 100FatGr. in day and night 57 130Source: Gordeev A, MSXJ, 2-2000, food consumption condition-t.2
Privatisation in Agriculture of Georgia (1998)
Total
Area
thsd. haIncludingPrivateRentState property,
%thsd. ha% thsd. ha%Arable land785,0431,955,0255,932,612,4Perennial plants277,5185,766,9 31,011,221,9Meadows140,647,633,9 28,620,345,8Pastures1788,0124,5 7,0441,424,768,4T o t a l2991,1789,726,4756,925,348,3
Privatization in Agriculture of Georgia (2001)
Total
Area
thsd. haIncludingPrivateRentState property,
%thsd. ha% thsd. ha%Arable land792,9434,854,8257,532,512,7Perennial plants269,3181,867,5 31,611,720,8Meadows142,341,329,0 57,140,130,9Pastures1795,884,3 4,7593,433,062,2T o t a l3019,7762,125,2939,631,143,6Source: Source: State Department of Land Management, Land Bal; ance for 04.2001 [GFA/KfW, 38]
Farm Structures
Farm typeNumber of entitiesTotal area in haAverage farm size in haFamilies with private land1 055 200762 100 0,72Families and groups with rented land 31 900352 00011,03Legal entities with rented land 6 300587 60093,27Source: State Department of Land Management, Land Balance for 04.2001
Share of private farms in agricultural output (per cent)
19901995199619982000Cereals and bean crops2679788894Of which: Winter wheat0,126207389 Maize6295949496 Bean crops total6295989899Sunflower seeds125526981Soy beans35068296Potatoes4997969099Vegetables5997958799Melons5286776299Fruit8099999999Citruses8397959899Grapes4594979799Tea leaves747364534Total output4894Source: Georgian Agriculture 2000, p.36
Share of private farms in agricultural output (per cent)
19882000Grain2594Sunflower seeds181Soya beans296Tobacco1799Potatoes4399Vegetables4799Melons6599Fruits7899Citruses7799Grapes5099Tea734Total output50,1 (1985), 48,0(1990)94,0Source: Georgian Agriculture 2000
Privatisation in Georgian Agriculture
The leastIn private position, % 19862001Agricultural lands 5,625,2 Of which: Arable12,354,7 Perennial plants 23,763,8 Meadows 1,429,0 Pastures0 4,7Cattle58,999,4 Of which milk cows and she-buffalo71,099,6Pig54,299,8Sheep and goat44,595,6Horse74,098,9Bird and wing39,799,0Poultry 15,6100Bee family45,5100Source: Georgian Agrostatistic 2000, Tbilisi, 2001. p
Agriculture in Georgian Export (2001)
Export PositionMillion US$Percentage and PlaceGeneral Export320028,8100,0Incl.: Wine 32195,3 10,1 (3) Mineral Water 11663,4 3,6 (7) Nuts 9843,5 3,1 (9)Source: SDS
Import of Main Food Products (2001)
Import PositionMillion US $Percentage and PlaceGeneral Import684097,5100,0Incl.: Sugar 24105,1 3,5 (4) Tobacco Wares 24065,2 3,5 (5) Meal 14792,9 2,2 (8) Wheat 11186,1 1,6 (10)Source: SDS; * - estimate
Agricultural Export and Import
YearExportImportTurnover1995 9536,4 11652,1 21188,51996 14977,3 72917,9 87895,21997 12388,0 68032,4 80420,41998 40918,2268955,5309873,71999102171,0436740,9538911,92000139554,5529371,8668926,3
Dynamic of Agrarian Export, 1997-2001 (mln US$)
19971998199920002001Tea18,58,911,46,15,8Citruses 9,19,5 1,92,51,6Alcoholic drinks (instead wine) 5,25,5 5,54,05,9Nuts5,39,415,419,39,8Wine12,5 15,414,6 29,132,2Mineral waters18,57,2 2,69,515,2Total export 239,8 192,3 238,2 329,9320,0Source: IMF (account No.211, 11.2001, pg.123;) in red State Statistic Department
Dynamic of Agrarian Import, 1997-2001 (mln US$)
19971998199920002001Sugar39,116,216,224,624,1Tobacco wares107,8120,035,229,428,8Wheat and flour37,126,514,820,328,2Beer3,10,80,10,10,1Bread products57,231,815,521,917,3Vegetable oil2,24,71,11,03,4Poultry meat, eggs10,212,314,511,010,3Coffee9,05,45,04,32,0Total import941,7884,3601,9650,7684,1Source: State Department of Statistic s; IMF(account No. 211, 11.2001, pg.124);
Investments in Fixed Capital
YearInvestments in Fixed Capital, total,Mln GELOf which Foreign InvestmentsShare of Agriculture, %Mln GEL% of Total1995127 4233,901996170 8650,60199726618067,70199851240178,3 0,04199936416946,4 1,7200034911934,1 0,4Source: SDS, 25.01.2001
Foreign investments in fixed capital by fields and years
(in actual prices, mln Lari)
1995199619971998199920002001Foreign investments42,986,4179,9401,0168,6119,0128,2 The same in US$33,268,5138,6271,283,160,262,2Of which: Agriculture---0,26,01,3 Food industry2,63,24,419,914,817,6The same Gagua (EK 3/4/003,4554,90221,714Sum2,63,24,420,120,818,9% of Foreign Investments6,13,72,45,312,315,9Source: Investment activities in Georgia, State Statistic Department, 1999
Most Exportable Agricultural Products.
Georgian Wines. Georgia is known as the birthplace of viticulture and winemaking and has 5000 years of wine culture. The rich land, hot sun and hard work have developed about 500 varieties of wine in Georgia.
According to the State Department of Statistics exports of different types of Georgian wine during first nine month of the 2001 made up 18186,5 thousand USD which is 7,8 percent of the total Georgian exports.
At the end of the 20th century, the collapse of the Soviet Union has caused an economic decline in Georgia, which negatively affected the Georgian wine sector. To be more precise the overall territory of vineyards has decreased by 50%, (1990 112,6 thousand hectares, 2000y 60,5 thousand hectares). This tendency was mainly caused by the following reasons: lack of enough funds among farmers to purchase chemicals, technical devices and machines for vine cultivation, also huge