Nature and value of the enterprise infrastructure
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? ensure divisions electric and thermal energy, steam, gas, compressed air, etc.; ? ensure timely production facilities (stations, separate productions) raw materials, materials and supplies, fuel; ? warehousing and storage of imported (purchased), financial resources, as well as semi-assembly of individual units of finished products. [6, p.. 283] wear unevenly. There is a need for renewal and replacement of worn parts of equipment which is suitable for further use. Repair - the process of restoring the original diyespromozhnosti equipment that was lost as a result of industrial use. Units that are part of maintenance, perform maintenance and repair of labor, installation and commissioning of new equipment, production of spare parts and optional equipment, modernization of existing machinery and equipment. In practice, three forms of repair and maintenance depending on the scale. For all forms of centralized repair personnel of the enterprise subordinated to the mechanics. Decentralized form, in contrast, assumes that all types of repair work performed by staff workshop repair facilities that are subordinated to the heads of departments. Mixed form of repair combining centralization and decentralization: maintenance and current repair personnel shall repair production facilities, and major repair, modernization, production of spare parts and optional equipment - staff repair and machine shop Determination of the volume and types of repairs in the repair system for the technical diagnosis is dependent on the actual need for them after the objective control of technical condition of this or that kind of work [6, p.. 285] Tool Industry is one of the most important elements of the maintenance of production. The cost of the tool in mass production reaches 25-30% in the series - 10-15%, and in small-scale and unit - about 5% of the equipment. Units that are part of enterprise management tool, perform the particular function. Instrumental Department is engaged in supplying tools and devices that are manufactured on specialized tool factories and designing technological equipment for their own needs. Toolroom manufactures, repairs and restoration of special rigging (tool) for general use. All purchased, manufactured and repaired (restored) tool comes to the central tool storage. Here is his acceptance, registration, storage and delivery shops (stations, production)-consumers. Direct service job shop production accessories provide instrumental and handouts pantry. They receive from the central tool of technological equipment, maintain its revolving fund, collect and transmit to the central part of the tool is worn out. [6, p.. 286] The manufacture of products the company is accompanied by movement of a variety of goods (raw materials, fuels, waste products, finished products), which requires significant expenditure on transport services production, a clear organization which provides a combination of all elements of the production process. Complex units engaged in cargo unloaded their work and movement of goods, utvoryuye transport sector. [6, p.. 288] The main objectives of the transport sector are: fast and smooth movement of the objects of labor, fuel and finished products according to the manufacturing process and effective use of vehicles and transport workers labor, mechanization and automation of transport and handling, reducing the cost of transport operations, ensuring strict consistency technological and transport operations, maintaining a constant vehicle in working condition. Relevant tasks of the transport sector are coordinating the work of industrial transport of the main rail, water, road, an extensive development package and container freight. Execution of the tasks depends on the proper organization of the transport sector, a clear planning of transport, a reasonable selection of vehicles, increased mechanization and automation of handling. [2, p.. 265] Modern mechanical engineering related to the consumption of large amounts of electricity, fuel and other energy (steam, compressed air, hot water) and the provision of communications systems The objectives of the energy sector are: providing permanent company, its divisions and jobs all the established forms of energy parameters, the measures aimed at saving and efficient use of energy and all kinds of fuel assembly and organization of power equipment operation, maintenance and repair of power, implementation of control of standards, operating rules, maintenance of power equipment and networks, increased energy available labor, implementation of measures for improvement and development of energy managemen. [2, p.. 252]
Chapter 2. MAIN AREAS AND EFFICIENCY OF ENTERPRISE INFRASTRUCTURE
2.1 Provided producing technologically-advanced enterprise infrastructure
The system of production equipment and technological tools - a collection of shops and departments that deal with acquisition, proektuvantion, manufacture, repair and renovation of technological equipment, its accounting, storage and delivery in shops and on jobs. The main components of this system is a instrumental farming enterprise. The concept of technological equipment covers all types of cutting was measuredtion and assembly tools, dies, models, different types of devices and others. The purpose of the functioning of the enterprise management tool - organtion of a stable of shops, stations and high-tech jobs improving NATO's technological equipment in the right quantity and range for the minimum cost of its design, acquisition (or production), storage, maintenance, repair, recovery and recycling. Works to ensure the production of technologically equippedtion includes: - Technological control of design documentation for the object technolohichnosti design, interspecific and intraspecific unify products, their components and structural elements (linear dimensions, radii, FASki, thread, materials, coatings, etc..) [11, p. .92 ] - Simplification of kinematic circuit product - The development of substantive and technological specialization and cooperation of production; - Typing of technological processes; - Unification of technological equipment and structural elements; - Calculation of needs for different types of tools and equipment; - Calculation of reserves instrument (operating fund; located in a central tool storage, etc..) - Design of premises hardware and organizational projects for zberihannya and supply equipment for jobs; - Design and manufacture of special equipment; - Market research and drafting contracts for the purchase of technological equipment from outside producers and organizing its suppliesing to the company; [10, p.. 301] The enterprises can simultaneously use more than one thousand names and types of technological equipment and tools. Therefore, organizational structure management tool can be very diverse. Most companies create and craft bodies zahalnozavodski instrumental facilities. By zahalnozavodskyh agencies include: - Instrumental workshops; - Workshops and database recovery tools and equipment; - The central tool storage (CSA); - Grinding workshop (zahalnozavodski); - Instrumental department, which performs routine dispatch functions, functioning planning and organization management tool. Manages department deputy chief engineer or chief technologist of the enterprise. [10, p.. 303] By craft of instrumental facilities include: - Instrumental and hand-out pantry (IRK) directly provide jobs tools and equipment, maintain their revolving fund and transfer to the central part is worn out tools; - Station (branch) of the sharpening and maintenance equipment and instruments. In Fig. 3.14 shows a scheme of treatment tools and equipment at the facility. Sometimes, to determine the cost of production equipment in the performance of programs use the rules for calculation of costs. During normal equipment cosset his mind of that wear out in the performance of a specified amount of work. These rules define for each standard size equipment. Defining the total (annual) need technological equipment, planning and dispatching office of instrumental constantly performs another important function - the current inventory control tools and equipment. The fact that nd that required equipment supplied to the enterprise at a time, and parts. Therefore, for each kind of tools and equipment necessary to calculate: - Operational and capital equipping your shop; - An operational and capital equipment (and tools) company. Operating fund equipment shop (hekspi) in the i-th type of tool (equipment) is defined as the sum of the tool in the workplace (hrmi) in sharpening and repair (hzri), ie (2.5) where ht - number of i-type tool (equipment) in the workplace, from.; ht - number of tools (equipment) and the second type, found in aggravation and repair vehicles.; t1i - delivery period and the second type of instrument for jobs, vehicles. time; t2i - during removal tool from the equipment (machines), vehicles. time; keel bone tools and the second kind simultaneously used on all workplace workshop units. and those - the number of jobs, which also used this tool and the second type, units.; k - coefficient insurance reserve instrument and the second type of workplace; t3i - time spent on sharpening and repair of equipment (and tools) and the second type, units. time. [10, p.. 304 - 307] Main directions of improvement of instrumental economy and increase its effectiveness governmental functioning as part of enterprise infrastructure: 1. In the field of product design and technology of its production - a simmering structure (structure) products, their unification and standardization; typing processes: control of technological design, the use of scientific approaches in the design and optimization methods. 2. In the field of designing and manufacturing of technological equipment, etc. strumentu - a unification