English language for technical colleges
Методическое пособие - Иностранные языки
Другие методички по предмету Иностранные языки
?ерез образованную между губами круглую щель. Губы энергично раздвигаются.
Согласный звук []. При произнесении согласного задняя спина языка смыкается с опущенным мягким нёбом, и воздух проходит через носовую полость.
Exercise A
what why where
whip wheat whileExercise С
wall wallet walk
walnut waltz wonExercise В
war wharf water
wedding wage wait
waitress waist waste
weather woman windExercise D
wing king sting
sing nothing something
everything anything ring
Text A: "HIGHER EDUCATION IN THE UK
Education after 16 is voluntary in United Kingdom. Students, who live in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland must take at the age of 16 the examinations for the General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE). In Scotland students receive the Scottish Certificate of Education. After this exam students can choose to stay on in school or attend colleges of further education.
British universities are self-governing and are guaranteed academic independence. Funding for education and research is provided by funding councils set up by Parliament. The number of universities jumped in 1992 when polytechnics and some other higher education establishments were given the right to become universities. By the end of 1994, there were some 90 universities, almost half of them former polytechnics, including the Open University.
Many of the colleges of Oxford and Cambridge universities were founded in the 12th and 13th centuries. All other universities in Britain were founded in the 19th and 20th centuries. The Open University, based in Milton Keynes, England, was founded in 1969. It uses extension techniques of correspondence courses, television and radio programmes, and video cassettes, supported by local study centres and summer schools, to provide higher education opportunities to a wide variety of people.
During the 1960s there was a significant increase in the number of new universities, reflecting a fast growth in student numbers. During the 1980s, an expansion in higher education places led to another large jump in student numbers. In the 1992-1993 academic year there were more than 1,4 million students in full or part-time higher education in Great Britain, compared with just under 850,000 a decade earlier. About one quarter of young people are in higher education in England, Wales, and Scotland; one third in Northern Ireland. About 90 per cent of students get state grants to cover tuition fees and living costs.
The size of the grant is determined by parents income. Since the late 1980s, however, grants have been frozen; students can apply for a student loan.
Vocabulary:
voluntary добровольное
attend посещать
self-governing самоуправляемый
funding финансирование
funding councils советы по финансированию
to set up основывать
significant значительный
polytechnics политехнические институты
extension techniques технологии дистанционного образования
to reflect отражать
decade десятилетие
state grants государственные гарантии
tuition fee плата за обучение
parents income доход родителей
student loan студенческий заём
ADD TO YOUR ACTIVE VOCABULARY:
a) high-school diploma школьный аттестат
graduation ceremony выпускной экзамен
Bachelor of Science (B.S.) бакалавр естественных наук
Bachelor of Art (B.A.) бакалавр гуманитарных наук
Master of Art (M.A.) магистр искусств
Master of Science (M.S.) магистр естественных наук
Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) доктор философии
undergraduate student студент 1-4(5) курсов
graduate student студент 5-6 курсов
graduate school of robotics магистратура (аспирантура) по специальности робототехника
b) room (lodging) and board проживание и питание
personal expenses личные расходы
books and supplies книги и материалы
to be eligible for admission быть подходящей кандидатурой для поступления
to enrol зачислять
enrollment зачисление
admissions office приемная комиссия
student services office департамент по работе со студентами
university bursars (казначей) office бухгалтерия университета (офис казначея)
Exercise 8.1. Translate into English:
1) В возрасте 16 лет каждый житель Великобритании обязан сдать экзамены на получение Сертификата о среднем образовании.
2) Британские университеты являются полностью самоуправляемыми.
3) В 1992 году Политехническим институтам была предоставлено право стать университетами.
4) Открытый университет, широко известный своими технологиями дистанционного обучения, был основан в 1969 году.
5) В 60-е годы в Соединенном королевстве наметился значительный рост числа университетов.
6) Размер гранта на обучение определяется исходя из дохода родителей.
GRAMMAR
1. Сложное дополнение (Complex object)
Сложное дополнение это сочетание существительного или местоимения в объектном падеже (напр. me, him, us, them) с инфинитивом или причастием I. Существует в трех основных вариантах:
1. С инфинитивом без частицы to или с причастием 1 после глаголов восприятия
see I saw him drive the car. I saw them working in the lab.
watch We watched the plane land. We watched the children playing in the yard.
notice Nobody noticed him go out. He didnt notice that happen.
feelShe felt somebody touch her hand. They didnt feel the train start.
hear I didnt hear you come into the room. I heard her playing piano.
В первом случае (вышеперечисленные глаголы с инфинитивом без частицы to) подчеркивается факт действия, во втором (эти же глаголы с причастием I) процесс действия.
I saw him enter the house. Я видел, как он вошел в дом.
I saw him entering the house. Я видел, как он входил в дом.
2. С инфинитивом без частицы to после глаголов
to let: Dont let them play in the street.
to make: Dont make me laugh.
3. С инфинитивом с частицей to после глаголов
to wantI want you to find me a place in the first row.
to expectI expect you to come in time.
to believe I believe her to be a very good teacher.
to knowI know him to be a good student.
to adviseI advise you to enter the institute.
to considerThe climate in England is considered to be mild.
to orderHe is ordered not to be late.
to allowThey allow to use dictionaries at the exam.
to likeI would like you to finish your work,
to findI find your story to be very interesting.
Exercise 8.2. Put the verbs in brackets in the right form:
1. He made me (do) it all over again. 2. Her father made her (learn) the lessons. 3. If you want us (make) the work quickly you should let us (start) at once. 4. Would you like me (read) now? 5. They wont let us (leave) the classroom till our control work has been checked. 6. He wouldnt let the children