The concept and feature of literary translation
Курсовой проект - Иностранные языки
Другие курсовые по предмету Иностранные языки
s which are so typical for modern English language.attributive group is the definition consisting of several elements, for example, from nouns in the general case and adjectives, sometimes from the whole phraseological unity or even the whole offer.formation of definitions is prominent feature of modern English language, as well as a word formation by conversion. Both that and another often has not constant character, and is the use or word formation on the given case.attributive groups, which are phraseological unities, meet both in fiction, and in oral literary speech:
S.T. - A happy-go-lucky fellow
T.T. - Бесшaбашный парень
S.T. - He greeted him in his usual hail-fellow-well-met manner.
T.T. - Он приветствовал его, как обычно, по-приятельски, со свойственной ему общительностью.
S.T. - I … never cared for your set-the-Thames-afire gentlemen, who are so much more clever than their neighbours. (W.M. Thackeray, The Virginians)
T.T. - Мне… никогда не нравились все эти наши господа, которые хотят удивить мир и считают себя умнее своих ближних.
S.T. - A handful of dates and a cup of coffee habit. (John Galsworthy, Flowering Wilderness)
T.T. - Привычка питаться горсточкой фиников и чашкой кофе.
In spite of the fact that phraseological epithets often consist of many words, they are compressed and compact and while translating introduction of additional words, as in last example often demand: привычка питаться.
Conclusion
to replacements, additions adequate translation also is possible. The statement about impossibility of translation in general which was done{made} by many large philologists - idealists therefore is incorrect. Perfectly asserting{approving}, that the work of art always has strongly pronounced national character and that each language possesses original means of expressiveness inherent only in it{him}, they drew from this a wrong conclusion on impossibility of translation in general. Such point of view large German philosophers - linguists - adhered to G.V. Lejbnits, V. Humboldt, A. Shlegel, being founders of the so-called theory of untranslations.is necessary to agree with position of these scientists about an originality of each language and national character of fiction. About it spoke Жуковский and Pushkin, Belinsky and Fet both many other writers and translators. Belinsky wrote in this occasion, that if Pushkin has undertaken to translate Гёте, we and from him{it} have demanded, that it{he} has shown us Гёте, instead of. Pushkin, quite dividing{sharing} this point of view, wrote: from translators began to demand more fidelity… Have wished to see Данте, Shakespeare and Сервантеса in their own kind, in their national clothes….writers realized a national originality of each language. But as against supporters of the theory of untranslation, they drew from this a correct conclusion, considering, that original features of any language cannot serve as an obstacle for translation.life has denied the theory of untranslation. It is enough to recollect fine translations - both in Russian, and in the foreign literature, - becoming property of these literatures; for example, V. Zhukovsky, V.S. Kurochkin, N. Bunin, M. Lozinsky, S. Marshak, L. Tika and A. Shlegelja, E. Fittsdzherald, Prospera Merimees translations and others.to adequacy, the translator should not forget about that, language of translation should be faultlessly correct. Any desire to keep grammatical designs, phraseological combinations or stylistic receptions of the original cannot excuse infringements of norms of language on which translation is done{made}, in this case Russian. However even skilled translators at times suppose infringement of norms of Russian, running in literalism.up above-stated, it is possible to tell, that in the practical work the translator can lean on the theory of translation in which principles of translation are developed and the most important natural conformity in the lexical, grammatical and stylistic plan are established. The skilled translator widely uses the conformity saved up during the practical work and is able to resort to the established laws. However, work of the translator is not reduced only to skill to use by ready formulas. While translating fiction from the translator skill to use adequate the deputy is required. It should not miss from a kind that translates not separate words, and words and word-combinations in system of the complex whole. The translator should aspire not to transfer of the separate element, a separate word, and to transfer of that semantic and stylistic function which is carried out by the given element. It necessity of misses and additions, replacements of one word with another, replacements of parts of speech, etc. speaks.
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