Темы по англ.яз. 9 класс
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d. England is the largest of three countries which make up GB. The north and the West of England are mountainous, but the rest of the territory is a vast plain. The Lake District in Northern England with its lakes, mountains and valleys is favorite holiday resort. The national symbol of England is a red rose. The capital of England is London. Its economic, political and cultural centre. It is one of the largest cities in the world and one of the world’s most important ports. It is situated upon both banks of the river Thames. But while the Thames is the deepest and the most important one, the Severn is the largest river.
Wales is the smallest land of the UK, but it is noted for its picturesque mountains with the highest peaks of GB rivers, waterfalls and lakes. Cardiff is the capital and the largest city in Wales and its also an important industrial centre and port. The national symbol of Wales is a leek or a daffodil.
Scotland is a land which is known for its beauty. The north of Scotland is mountainous and is called the Highlands. This is the region of mountains and rivers, small towns and villages. The highest of mountains is Ben Nevis. The best known between the lakes is Loch Ness where as some people think a large monster lives. The capital of Scotland is Edinburg and the great industrial centre is Glasgow. The national symbol of Scotland is a thistle.
GB’s largest island neighbor is Ireland. This is mainly occupied by the independent Republic of Ireland. Many small islands are also linked with the UK. Most of the land is hilly, though the mountains are not very high. The capital of NI is Belfast. The national symbol of Ireland is a shamrock.
The mountains, the Atlantic ocean and the warm waters of the Gulf Stream influence the climate of the British isles. The summers are usually cool and rainy. And there is much rain and fog in autumn and in winter. That’s why GB is a very damp country.
The flag of the UK is known as the Union Jack. It is made up of 3 crosses: the cross of St. Jorge, St. Andrew and St. Patrick.
Nowadays the UK is a highly developed industrial power. It is one of the most powerful countries in Europe.
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The school system in Great Britain.
Education in Britain is compulsory and free for all children between the ages of 5-16. Nine tenths of all children are educated in state schools. All books and equipment are provided free. Uniform is worn in many schools but this is mow quite flexible. Students never repeat a year in British system, but they may be sent to a vocation school or section.
Primary school. Schoolchildren attend a primary school for 6 years (from 5 to 11 years). They study general subjects and special help is given to children with handicaps and learning difficulties. The division between primary and secondary education is at the age of 11 when almost all children in the state system change schools.
Secondary school. When students transfer to Secondary school at the age of 11, they don’t take any examination, but their reports are sent on from Primary school.
Most children - over 80 % - go to a comprehensive school. “Comprehensive” means all-inclusive. They admit pupils of all abilities. But there are also grammar schools and secondary modern schools. The pupils have to pass an exam to go there; so admission depends on the result of the selective exams and the pupils abilities.
All types of secondary school have the five year courses for pupils from 11 years up to the school leaving age.
Pupils in all State schools in England and Wales study 10 main subjects: English, Mathematics, Science. Foundation subjects: History, Geography, A Modern language, Art, Music, Information Technology, Physical education, Religious education is also taught.
Attainment tests are given at the ages of 7, 11, 14, 16. At the end of a 5-year course, at the age of 16, students sit the General Certificate of Secondary Education exams in as many subjects as possible. Weak students may only sit for free or four subjects. Better students take ten
Subjects.
At the age of 16 about two third of these pupils leave school and get jobs or apprenticeships. About one-third stay at school until the age of 18 preparing themselves for higher education.
The 6th form. More ambitious pupils continue to study in the 6th form. They stay on at school for one or two years to prepare themselves for university. They have only three or four main subjects which are necessary to pass the advanced level exams at the age of 18. In addition to the foundation subjects the 6th formers are offered many other courses at Advanced Level such as classical Civilization, Further Mathematics, Information Technology, History of Art, Social Biology and many others.
The school year is divided into three terms with the intervals between them during the Christmas and Easter holidays lasting about two weeks each and the summer holiday which begins rather late and is usually six weeks long.
All kinds of out-of-class activities are part of school life in Britain. Students have a lot of opportunities for playing sports, attending different clubs and singing in choir. Most schools have very good libraries which students use for reference work.
“There is no frigate like a book.”
An English author once wrote: “Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed or digested.” This quotation tells us how to read books of different kinds. Most travel books are to be tasted. It’s enough to dip into them and read bits here, bits there. If you are fond of crime stories you will read them quickly, you’ll ‘swallow’ them and then there are books that you’ll read slowly and carefully. If a book is on important subject and a subject you are interested in you will want to chew it and digest it. And you’ll want to weight what the author says and consider his ideas and arguments.
The rise of television has been coupled with the death of books. Some people ask what can be done to rescued them. But I think that books don’t need to be rescued. A book is one of the greatest wonders in the world. It gives us a unique chance to link up with authors who lived hundreds and thousands of years ago. I thank books, because if there were no books, we couldn’t talk to people who lived in different years and countries. Through reading books we hear their voices, thoughts and feelings. Books are the surest way to bring nations together. They give us an insight not only into the past but also into the future. I think that book is a faithful and undemanding friend for all of us: it can be put aside and taken up again at any moment.
I have recently read a book which has made a very deep impression on me. It is called “Gone with the Wind” and it makes really unforgettable reading. The author of the book is Margaret Mitchell. “Gone with the Wind” published in 1936, became an immediate bestseller and won the Pulitzer Prize. A film version of the novel was made in 1939.
Margaret Mitchell and all her family was interesting in American history, and she grew up in an atmosphere of stories about the Civil War.
In 1925 she got married. In the following ten years she put on paper all stories she had heard about the Civil War. And this way was born “Gone with the Wind”.
The story is set around the time of the America Civil War, when the Southern States went to war with the North to defend their way of life. It was the way of life in which rich gentry lived in large houses, cultivated by black slaves. Scarlet O’Hara was born into one of these rich houses. When this way of life was destroyed she use all her beauty to build a new life.
“Art washes away from the soul all the dust of everyday life”.-Pablo Picasso. I agree with this quotation, because art is really a fantastic thing, and it can influence our minds and our behavior.
This quotation is tightly connected with literature. While reading any book, it appeals to us. Books impress you so much that you are taken to another world. You start to look at the world through rose colors.
And when you read something interesting you become emotional and you think only about that book. So you forget about life with problems it has. When you read a book you become another person.