Книги по разным темам Pages:     | 1 |   ...   | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |   ...   | 19 |

Data on federal, state, and local governmentshares of government revenues are provided in Table B2. Again, we providethe data under the two categories including and excluding transfers. Dataincluding transfers treats them as revenues of the recipient governments. Data excludingtransfers indicate own-source revenues. As was the case for spending shares, wesee in the data that there has been a small tendency for revenue-raisingresponsibilities to become more decentralized to the states. Indeed, thistrend is more pronounced for revenues than it is for expenditures. Thedata including transfers also indicates that there has been a slight increasein revenues of local governments to finance their expenditures.

Two trends are noteworthy in examining thedata in Table B2. The first is that federal own-source revenues (i.e.excluding transfers) continue to dominate state and local government own-sourcerevenues. However, the opposite is true if we include transfers asrevenues at the state and local levels. Here, the federal share hasfallen from 60.6% in 1960 to 47% in 1995. This indicates that transfers fromthe federal to the state and local governments have increased inimportance. The second noteworthy trend is that the federal governmentcontinues to have a dominant role in revenue-raising despite the ability of the states toaccess many major tax fields.

The Importance ofIntergovernmental Transfers

Data showing the importance of transferpayments from one level of government to another are provided in TableB3. We have divided the data into: (i) federal to state government transfers as a share of totalstate revenues, (ii) federal to local government transfers as a share of local governmentrevenues, (iii) state to local government transfers as a share of localgovernment revenues, and (iv) combined federal and state transfers to localgovernments as a share of local government revenues.

Table B2: Federal, State, and LocalGovernment Shares of Total Government Revenues (Percentages)

	Including Transfers	Excluding Transfers
Year	Federal	State	Local	Federal	State	Local
1960	60.6	15.0	24.3	65.2	17.0	17.8
1961	59.4	15.2	25.4	63.8	17.5	18.6
1962	58.7	15.7	25.6	63.3	17.9	18.7
1963	58.8	15.9	25.3	63.5	18.2	18.3
1964	57.6	16.7	25.7	62.9	18.6	18.6
1965	56.7	16.9	26.5	62.1	19.0	18.9
1966	56.7	16.8	26.5	62.6	19.1	18.4
1967	57.9	16.4	25.7	63.9	18.5	17.6
1968	55.4	17.2	27.3	62.2	19.8	18.0
1969	57.8	16.3	25.8	64.1	18.9	17.1
1970	54.6	17.7	27.7	61.6	20.6	17.8
1971	51.4	19.0	29.6	59.5	21.9	18.7
1972	49.6	19.4	31.0	58.3	22.0	19.6
1973	49.2	20.3	30.5	58.7	22.5	18.8
1974	50.6	19.3	30.1	59.5	22.2	18.3
1975	48.7	19.9	31.4	58.2	23.0	18.8
1976	44.5	21.6	33.9	56.6	24.4	19.0
1977	46.9	21.4	31.8	58.1	23.7	18.2
1978	47.9	21.3	30.8	58.7	23.4	17.8
1979	50.0	20.5	29.6	60.2	22.9	16.9
1980	50.7	20.6	28.7	60.5	22.8	16.7
1981	52.5	20.1	27.4	61.3	22.3	16.4
1982	52.3	20.2	26.0	59.8	22.9	17.4
1983	49.5	21.5	28.9	57.4	24.1	18.5
1984	50	21.8	28.2	57.5	24.1	18.3
1985	49.2	22.1	28.7	56.8	24.6	18.6
1986	48.2	22.8	29.1	55.8	25.2	19.0
1987	50.0	22.1	27.9	56.7	24.7	18.6
1988	50.1	21.7	28.1	56.8	24.5	18.7
1989	50.2	21.7	28.1	56.8	24.6	18.6
1990	49.1	22.1	28.8	56.3	24.7	19.0
1991	48.9	22.0	29.1	56.4	24.3	19.3
1992	47.4	23.5	29.2	55.6	25.3	19.1
1993	46.4	24.6	29.0	55.0	26.0	19.0
1994	47.0	24.3	28.7	55.6	25.3	19.0
1995	47.0	24.6	28.4	55.7	25.7	18.6

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Statistical Abstract of the United States and The Tax Foundation, Facts andFigures on Government Finance.

Table B3: Transfer Payments from Federal toSubnational Governments as a Share of Subnational Government Revenues(Percentages)

Year	Federal to State	Federal to Local	State to Local	Total Local
1960	19.7	1.6	25.3	27.0
1961	18.7	1.5 Pages:     | 1 |   ...   | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |   ...   | 19 |    Книги по разным темам