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The number of transactions of auctioned land plots nationwide in 2010 slid to 25,185 from 41,868 transactions reported in 2009. Area-wise, the 2010 total area of sold at an auction land plots was 79,044.77 hectares vis--vis 133,028.2 hectares a year before. The number of transactions made at auctions hit its peak in 2009 (11.94% of all the land transactions) and dwindled to 6.55% in 2010. The average area of land plots sold at an auction, on the contrary, is down; thus, the gap between it and the average area of public and municipal land lots sold is narrowing (Fig. 15). As many as 14.369 land lots of the average area of 7,204.52 hectares were sold at an auction for individual housing and summer housing, while 5,864 land lots with the average area of 1,139.08 hectares were sold for personal subsidiary farming, gardening, vegeculture, cattle breeding. In the overwhelming majority of cases the cost of auctioned land was higher than the price at which it was redeemed from the public and municipal property.

Source: The state (national) report УOn the state and use of land in Russian Federation in 2010Ф.

Fig. 15. Dynamic of Sales of Public and Municipal Land Section Institutional Issues According the 2010 State (national) report, Russian residents bought 268,736 land lots of total area of 4,921.000 hectares for individual and summer housing, personal subsidiary farming, vegeculture, gardening and cattle breeding. That was at 25,736 lots more than in 2009, with the average area of such lots having changed from 0.66 to 0.18 hectare When compared with 2009, the national average price of land lots in settlements designated for individual and summer housing remained unchanged, with the fall accounting for a meager 0.09%. Federal Okrug-wise, price differences are substantial: in the Central Okrug prices were up 140%, while in the Ural one - down 62%. (Table 27). Prices for land lots designated for the said purposes but located outside settlements were down 54.62%. The average national prices of land lots for industrial construction were likewise in decline, but prices for land lots designated for agrarian production were on the upsurge (Table 27).

Table Average Prices of Public and Municipal Land Lots Sold to Private Individual and Corporations in 2010 (as Rb/M) Citizens and their associations:

Peasant Personal subsidiary Legal entities for indus(farmer)households, Individual and summer farming, vegeculture, trial and other special other agrarian organizaFederal okrugs housing gardening and cattle use tions breeding In settle- Outside In settle- Outside In settle- Outside In settle- Outside ments settlements ments settlements ments settlements ments settlements Russian Federa- 58.05 2.9 14.14 6.09 74.78 12.18 11.03 4.tion Change over the -0.09 -54.62 -58.59 31.82 -54.00 -9.64 181.38 230.year, as % Central 94.56 0 20.27 15.08 255.57 17.53 74.82 1.Change over the 140.30 n/a -64.36 129.53 -73.48 28.33 1262.84 -4.year, as % North-Western 21.53 8.43 7.91 9.68 38.31 22.6 0.85 1.Change over the -82.79 2.68 -83.44 137.25 153.54 -23.70 -14.14 71.year, as % Southern 26.5 0.55 12.27 1.28 41 10.29 2.96 1.Change over the 0.04 25.00 -26.35 -50.58 152.62 17.20 218.28 -83.year, as % North- 101.58 0 18.93 0.14 138.85 10.62 0.8 1.Caucasian Change over the -7.04 n/a -81.93 -17.65 -3.90 477.17 -40.30 265.year, as % Volga 28.43 8.92 12.19 6.71 30.58 18.09 2.02 11.Change over the 24.97 -52.45 27.91 -29.52 -7.14 -54.83 81.98 2135.year, as % Ural 19.66 0.41 4.33 2.62 46.82 9.66 5.53 2.Change over the -62.39 -79.90 -19.07 12.45 5.90 74.68 276.19 1633.year, as % Siberian 43.92 3.59 5.79 8.04 23.69 6.94 1.27 6.Change over the 15.18 -79.74 -5.24 53.14 -38.96 15.28 111.67 702.year, as % Fra-East 128.23 1.33 31.46 5.15 23.39 1.7 0.02 11.Change over the 149.23 n/a 20.63 -19.91 -48.02 -28.27 -99.90 6652.year, as % Source: The state (national) report УOn the state and use of land in Russian Federation in 2010Ф.

The specific weight of lease of public and municipal land in the overall volume of the land market in terms of the number of transactions accounts for 64.0%, and area-wise - 87.1%. In 2010 to 2009, the number of various effective lease agreements plunged from 3,514.600 units (113, 081.800 hectares) to 3,403.600 units (138, 576.700 hectares). The average rental payment for public and municipal lots for (summer) housing in settlements in 2010 was up 28.6% RUSSIAN ECONOMY IN trends and outlooks compared to 2009 and accounted Rb 17.27/m, while that outside settlements dropped 32.3%, down to Rb 0.86/m (Table 28).

Table The Average Size of Rental Fee for the Use of Public and Municipal Land in Russian Federation (as Rb/M) 2007 2008 2009 Outside Outside Outside Outside Tenants In settle- In settle- In settle- In settlesettle- settle- settle- settlements ments ments ments ments ments ments ments 1.Corporations, organizations, institutions: from the industrial sector Transport, communi- 20.59 3.45 19.62 10.36 29.48 40.40 58.81 4.cations, construction Trade, public cater- 74.19 9.69 719.2 22.08 200.52 14.85 131.20 24.ing, household and consumer services Agricultural corpora- 0.33 0.03 3.76 0.22 2.76 2.23 10.42 0.tions 2. Residents, their associations, using land lots for construction of housing and summer housing construction of 3.68 1.03 7.47 5.95 13.43 1.27 17.27 0.housing and summer housing Personal subsidiary 0.36 0.15 0.66 0.07 1.49 0.17 2.02 1.farming, vegeculture, gardening Source: The state (national) report УOn the state and use of land in Russian Federation in 2010Ф.

The 2010 turnover of private land lots accounted for 917,354 transactions (Fig. 16) of the total area of 4,706.821 hectares, or up 76.3% transaction-wise and 49.0% - area-wise vs. the 2009 figures. The average area of a land lot per transaction in 2010 was 5.13 hectares vs. 6.hectares in 2009.

Source: The state (national) report УOn the state and use of land in Russian Federation in 2010Ф.

Fig. 16. Dynamics of Sales by Private Individuals and Corporations of Privately Owned Land Lots Section Institutional Issues The number of mortgage transactions involving land lots in 2010 was 1.9 times greater than in 2009 (Fig. 17), with the total mortgage area accounting for 1,786.079 hectares. The average area of the mortgaged land lot in in 2010 was 21.3 hectares, or slightly over the figure.

Source: The state (national) report УOn the state and use of land in Russian Federation in 2010Ф.

Fig. 17. Dynamic of Mortgaging of Land Lots by Private Individuals and Legal Entities The share of the area of privately owned (by private individuals and corporations combined) mortgaged land lots in the total area of a federal okrug varies from 0.24% in far-East Federal Okrug to 2.44% in the Central one. The 2010 average national figure was 1.33%, or nearly twice as high as in 2009 (Table 29). The share of mortgaged agricultural land in the total area of mortgaged land was down to 79.54% from 86.88% in 2009.

Table Characteristic of Mortgaged Land in Russian Federation in Land owned by private individuals and corpora- Of which mortgaged Including agricultural land Federal okrugs tions (by state accounting), hectares % hectares % Thos. hectares Russian Federation 133446.1 1 786 079.51 1.33 1 420 645.88 79.Central 24582.2 598 936.52 2.44 577 217.34 96.North-Western 4873.8 30 892.23 0.63 16 500.46 53.Southern 19249.5 76 375.36 0.40 45 668.32 59.North-Caucasian 4652.3 25 207.41 0.54 22 196.90 88.Volga 35847.8 554 631.38 1.55 531 866.40 95.Ural 9874.5 204 812.89 2.07 37 661.23 18.Siberian 31959.6 289 376.52 0.91 185 963.30 64.Far-East 2406.4 5 847.23 0.24 3 571.94 61.Source: The state (national) report УOn the state and use of land in Russian Federation in 2010Ф.

According to Rosreestr, the 2011volume of registered land titles was down vs. respective periods of 2010 (Fig. 18), which may evidence a decline of the turnover of land lots. More RUSSIAN ECONOMY IN trends and outlooks specifically, the fall in Q1 2011 vs. Q1 2010 was 15.8%, H1 2011 vs. H1 2010 - 11.1%, and over the first three quarters 2011 vs. the same period of 2010 - 8.4%.

Source: data of Rosreestr.

Fig. 18. Volume of Registered Land Titles While the volume of state registration of private individualsТ land titles over the three quarters 2011 was down 9.7% vs. the same period of 2010, volumes of registration of land lease and mortgage contracts by private individuals over the period in question rose by 49.5% and 88.5%, respectively (Fig. 19).

Source: data of Rosreestr.

Fig. 19. Dynamic of Registration of Private IndividualsТ Rights to Land Lots According to Rosreestr, as of 1 October 2011, volumes of state registration of property rights to, and lease of land lots by legal entities were down 7.4% and 47.1%, respectively, on Section Institutional Issues a year-on-year basis, while the volume of registration of mortgaged land lots over the period in question rose by 29.7% (Fig. 20).

Source: data of Rosreestr.

Fig. 20. Dynamic of Registration of Corporate Rights to Land Lots The distribution pattern of volume of state registration of land titles (Fig. 21) shows that in terms of the number of registrations 90% of the land lots turnover falls on private individuals.

As of 1 October 2011, the share of registrations of land titles by private individuals was down by 1.35 p.p. compared with 1 October 2010 and accounted for 90.82%, while shares of corporations and public and municipal entities were up 0.2 p.p. and 1.15 p.p., respectively.

Source: data of Rosreestr.

Fig. 21. Dynamic of Distribution of Registered Land Titles between Private Individuals, Corporations and Public and Municipal Entities RUSSIAN ECONOMY IN trends and outlooks On 1 February 2011, Rosreestr submitted to territorial bodies of the Federal Tax Service data on all the land lots subject to taxation. The tax base to calculate the land tax I formed by the cadaster value of a land lot, with the land tax rate calculated as percentage thereof and the actual amount of the tax is set accordingly. Specifically, the 2006 weighted average national cadaster value of 1 hectare of agrarian land was up by Rb 8,067 vs. the 2003 figure. The increase in the specific indicator of cadaster value was particularly notable in the Central, North-Caucasia and Southern federal okrugs where the average value of 1 hectare of agrarian lands rose more than 1.8 times; in the North-Western and Volga federal okrugs, the respective figure was 1.7 times up. By results of cadaster valuation works, the most valuable agrarian lands whose cadaster value stand at Rb 8.39/m are located in Krasnodar krai.

Most municipal legislatures (a. 60% of them) rule to establish maximum cadaster valuebased land tax rates within their jurisdictions. In compliance with the Tax Code of Russian Federation, the maximum land tax rate on land lots falling under the categories of agrarian land, as well as land lots designated for housing and engineering infrastructure, personal subsidiary farming, vegeculture, gardening or cattle breeding, as well as summer housing, accounts for 0.3% of the cadaster value of the lands. Meanwhile, as to other lands not exempt from the land tax, the maximum tax rate on them is 1.5% of their cadaster value.

According to FTS, in 2010, as much as Rb 109,414bn was collected from cadaster-based land tax payments, or 18% up vs. the respective period of 2009 (Rb 92.44bn).

Since 1 January 2012, while registering property rights to land plots under industrial enterprises, the effect of the beneficial redemption rate of 2.5% of the cadaster value was terminated and replaced with market prices. The RF Ministry of Economic Development estimates the share of enterprises having passed the re-registration procedure at the level of no more than 70%.

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