Реферат: Стандарты схем и их разновидности (RTF)
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Aineiieoao ?O ii aunoaio ia?aciaaieth.
sseooneee Ainoaea?noaaiiue Oieaa?neoao ei. I.E. Aiiiniaa.
Iaaeaaiae/aneee einoeooo
Eaoaae?a iaoeiiaaaeaiey
?aoa?ao
ia oaio: Noaiaea?ou noai e eo ?aciiaeaeiinoe
Auiieiee: nooaeaio 5 eo?na EIO-94-1, ++++++++++
I?iaa?ee: i?aiiaeaaaoaeue
Aei?ioaaa A.?
Ioeaiea - ioee/ii
sseoone 1998
Iaeaaeaiea
1. Iauea naaaeaiey i noaiao
2. Eeiaiaoe/aneea noaiu
3. Yeaeo?e/aneea noaiu
4. Eeoa?aoo?a
1. Iauea naaaeaiey i noaiao
Noaiie iacuaatho eiino?oeoi?neee aeieoiaio, ia eioi?ii oneiaiuie
ecia?aaeaieyie e iaicia/aieyie iieacuaatho ninoaaiua /anoe ecaeaeey e
nayce iaaeaeo ieie.
Noaia ioee/aaony io nai?i/iiai /a?oaaea oai, /oi ia iae ia ioia?aaeaaony
eiino?oeoeaiia ono?ienoai aeaoaeae, aoiaeyueo a ecaeaeea. E?iia oiai, ia
iae iieacuaatho ia ana aeaoaee, ninoaaeythuea nai?i/ioth aaeeieoeo.
Iai?eia?, ia iieacuaatho ei?ion, e?uoeo, e?aiaaeiua aeaoaee e ae?.
Noaiu auiieiytho a niioaaonoaee n o?aaiaaieyie, onoaiiaeaiiuie AINO
2.701-68. A caaeneiinoe io yeaiaioia, aoiaeyueo a ninoaa ecaeaeey, e
naycae iaaeaeo ieie noaiu aeaeyo ia aeaeu, eaaeaeue ec eioi?uo
iaicia/atho aoeaie: eeiaiaoe/aneea E, yeaeo?e/aneea Y, aeae?aaee/aneea
A, iiaaiaoe/aneea I.
A caaeneiinoe io iniiaiiai iacia/aiey noaiu aeaeyo ia oeiu,
iaicia/aaiua oeeo?aie: no?oeoo?iua 1, ooieoeeiiaeueiua 2,
i?eioeeieaeueiua 3, noaiu niaaeeiaiee 4, (iiioaaeiua) e o.i.
Iaeaieaa iieiia i?aaenoaaeaiea ia ecaeaeee e aai ?aaioa aeatho
i?eioeeieaeueiua noaiu.
I?eioeeieaeueiay noaia ii?aaeaeyao iieiue ninoaa yeaiaioia, aoiaeyueo a
ecaeaeea, e ana nayce iaaeaeo ieie. Aa eniieuecotho aeey eco/aiey
i?eioeeia ?aaiou ecaeaeey. Ii yoie noaia i?iecaiaeyo iaeaaeeo,
?aaoee?iaeo, eiio?ieue e ?aiiio ecaeaeey.
Noaiu anao aeaeia auiieiytho aac niaethaeaiey ianooaaa e
aeaenoaeoaeueiiai ?aniieiaeaiey ninoaaiuo /anoae ecaeaeey. Eo noa?athony
au/a?/eaaoue eiiiaeoii aac oua?aa aeey yniinoe e oaeianoaa /oaiey. Ia
noaiao i?eiaiytho a?aoe/aneea oneiaiua iaicia/aiey. Eeiee nayce iaaeaeo
yeaiaioaie noaiu i?iaiaeyo oae, /oiau iieo/eeinue iaeiaiueoaa /enei eo
ia?ana/aiee e eceiiia.
Ia noaiao iiiauatho ?acee/iua oaoie/aneea aeaiiua. Oeacuaatho eo ieiei
a?aoe/aneeo iaicia/aiee (ni?aaa eee naa?oo) eee ia naiaiaeiii iiea
/a?oaaea iaae iniiaiie iaaeienueth.
Eaaeaeue yeaiaio, ecia?aaeaiiue ia i?eioeeieaeueiie noaia, niaaaeaaony
niioaaonoaothuei aoeaaiii-oeeo?iaui iaicia/aieai. Ninoaa
aoeaaiii-oeeo?iaiai iaicia/aiey ii?aaeaeyaony aeaeii noaiu. Yoe
iaicia/aiey caiinyo a oaaeeoeo ia?a/iy yeaiaioia, caiieiyy aa naa?oo
aiec. Oaaeeoeo iiiauatho iaae iniiaiie iaaeienueth.
2. Eeiaiaoe/aneea noaiu.
I?eioeeieaeueiay eeiaiaoe/aneay noaia iieacuaaao iineaaeiaaoaeueiinoue
ia?aaea/e aeaeaeaiey io aeaeaaoaey /a?ac ia?aaeaoi/iue iaoaieci e
?aai/ei i?aaiai ecaeaeey (oieiaeaeth noaiea, ?aaeouaio eino?oiaioo e
ae?.) e eo acaeiinaycue. A eeiaiaoe/aneeo noaiao ecia?aaeatho oieueei oa
yeaiaiou nai?i/iie aaeeieoeu, eioi?ua i?eieiatho o/anoea a ia?aaea/a
aeaeaeaiey (coa/aoua eieana, oiaeiaua aeiou, aaeu, oeeau, iooou e ae?.)
Eiino?oeoeey nai?i/iie aaeeieoeu (iaoeiu eee noaiea), eiathuae
aeaeaeouea /anoe, ia iieacuaatho aiana eee iaiinyo aa i/a?oaiea
nieioiuie oiieeie eeieyie.
I?ino?ainoaaiiua eeiaiaoe/aneea iaoaieciu ecia?aaeatho iau/ii a aeaea
?acaa?ioouo noai a i?oiaiiaeueiuo i?iaeoeeyo. Iie iieo/athony iooai
niaiauaiey anao inae a iaeiie ieineinoe n iineaaeothuei i?iaoee?iaaieai
ia yoo ieineinoue. Oaeea noaiu iicaieytho oynieoue iineaaeiaaoaeueiinoue
ia?aaea/e aeaeaeaiey, ii ia iieacuaatho aeaenoaeoaeueiiai ?aniieiaeaiey
aeaoaeae iaoaiecia.
Eeiaiaoe/aneea noaiu aeiioneaaony auiieiyoue a aeniiiiao?e/aneeo
i?iaeoeeyo. Oaeea ecia?aaeaiey i?eiaiytho, aeaaiui ia?acii, a o/aaiii
i?ioeanna, iineieueeo iicaieytho iieacaoue ia oieueei
iineaaeiaaoaeueiinoue ia?aaea/e aeaeaeaiey, ii e i?ino?ainoaaiiia
?aniieiaeaiea anao eeiaiaoe/aneeo yeaiaioia a iaoaiecia.
Ana aeaoaee ia eeiaiaoe/aneeo noaiao ecia?aaeatho oneiaii a aeaea
a?aoe/aneeo neiaieia, eeoue ioaeaeaiii iaiiieiathueo eo ono?ienoai.
Oneiaiua a?aoe/aneea iaicia/aiey aeey eeiaiaoe/aneeo noai onoaiiaeaiu
AINO 2.770 68. Aeiioneaaony i?eiaiyoue ianoaiaea?oiua oneiaiua
a?aoe/aneea iaicia/aiey, ii n niioaaonoaothuei iiyniaieyie ia noaia. Ia
eeiaiaoe/aneie noaia ?ac?aoaaony ecia?aaeaoue ioaeaeueiua yeaiaiou noai
ae?oaiai aeaea, iaiin?aaenoaaiii aeeythuea ia aa ?aaioo (iai?eia?,
yeaeo?e/aneea eee aeae?aaee/aneea).
Iiieii oneiaiuo a?aoe/aneeo iaicia/aiee, ia eeiaiaoe/aneeo noaiao
aeatho oeacaiey a aeaea iaaeienae, iiyniythuee ecia?aaeaiiue yeaiaio.
Iai?eia?, oeacuaatho oei e oa?aeoa?enoeeo aeaeaaoaey, aeeaiao?u oeeaia
?aiaiiie ia?aaea/e, iiaeoeue e /enei coaueaa coa/aouo eiean e ae?.
Acaeiiia ?aniieiaeaiea yeaiaioia ia eeiaiaoe/aneie noaia aeieaeii
niioaaonoaiaaoue enoiaeiiio, n?aaeiaio eee ?aai/aio iieiaeaieth
eniieieoaeueiuo i?aaiia ecaeaeey (iaoaiecia). Aeiioneaaony iiyniyoue
iaaeienueth iieiaeaiea eniieieoaeueiuo i?aaiia, aeey eioi?uo aeaia
noaia. Anee yeaiaio i?e ?aaioa ecaeaeey iaiyao naia iieiaeaiea, oi ia
noaia aeiioneaaony oeacuaaoue aai e?aeiea iieiaeaiey oiieeie
oo?eoioieoe?iuie eeieyie.
Ia eeiaiaoe/aneie noaia yeaiaioai i?enaaeaatho iiia?a a ii?yaeea
ia?aaea/e, aeaeaeaiey, ia/eiay io enoi/ieea aeaeaeaiey. Aaeu ioia?otho
?eineeie oeeo?aie, inoaeueiua yeaiaiou a?aaneeie oeeo?aie. Ii?yaeeiaue
iiia? yeaiaioa i?inoaaeytho ia iieea eeiee-auiinee, i?iaiaeeiie io
iaai. Iiae iieeie oeacuaatho iniiaiua oa?aeoa?enoeee e ia?aiao?u
eeiaiaoe/aneiai yeaiaioa.
Ia eeiaiaoe/aneeo noaiao aaeu, ine, noa?aeie, oaooiu, e?eaioeiu
ecia?aaeatho nieioiuie iniiaiuie eeieyie oieueiie s; coa/aoua eieana,
/a?ayee, caacaei/ee, oeeau, eoea/ee nieioiuie eeieyie s/2; eiioo?
ecaeaeey, a eioi?ue aienaia noaia, - nieioiuie oiieeie eeieyie oieueiie
io s/2 aei s/3.
*eoaoue eeiaiaoe/aneoth noaio ia/eiatho io aeaeaaoaey, yaeythuaainy
enoi/ieeii aeaeaeaiey anao aeaoaeae iaoaiecia. Auyaeyy iineaaeiaaoaeueii
ii oneiaiui iaicia/aieyi eaaeaeue yeaiaio eeiaiaoe/aneie oeaie,
ecia?aaeaiiue ia noaia, onoaiaaeeaatho aai iacia/aiea e oa?aeoa?
ia?aaea/e aeaeaeaiey.
3. Yeaeo?e/aneea noaiu.
Ia yeaeo?e/aneie noaia i?e iiiiue oneiaiuo a?aoe/aneeo iaicia/aiee
iieacuaatho yeaeo?e/aneee i?eioeei ?aaiou ecaeaeey e yeaeo?e/aneea nayce
iaaeaeo anaie ninoaaiuie /anoyie.
Ia i?eioeeieaeueiie yeaeo?e/aneie noaia iieacuaatho ana yeaeo?e/aneea
yeaiaiou, iaiaoiaeeiua aeey inouanoaeaiey e eiio?iey a ecaeaeee
caaeaiiuo yeaeo?e/aneeo i?ioeannia. Ia yoeo noaiao ecia?aaeatho oaeaea
?acuaiu, caaeeiu e ae?oaea yeaeo?e/aneea yeaiaiou, eioi?uie
caeai/eaathony aoiaeiua e auoiaeiua oeaie.
Yeaeo?e/aneea noaiu auiieiytho ii i?aaeeai, onoaiiaeaiiui AINO 2.702
68, n eniieueciaaieai oneiaiuo a?aoe/aneeo iaicia/aiee, oi?ia e ?acia?u
eioi?uo ii?aaeaeaiu oeaeui ?yaeii noaiaea?oia.
Ciay iniiaiua i?eioeeiu iino?iaiey noai, yeaeo?e/aneea i?ioeannu,
eioi?ua a ieo i?ioaeatho, e oneiaiua a?aoe/aneea iaicia/aiey,
i?eiaiyaiua a ieo, iiaeii /eoaoue noaiu, ia i?eaaaay e niaoeeaeueiiio
iienaieth.
Oneiaiua a?aoe/aneea iaicia/aiey eiatho i?inooth oi?io ii ia/a?oaieth.
A ieo ii aiciiaeiinoe aeeth/aiu iaeaieaa oa?aeoa?iua iniaaiiinoe
eaaeaeiai yeaiaioa, /oi iaeaa/aao caiiieiaiea yoeo yeaiaioia. Iie ia
ioia?aaeatho aaee/eio iaicia/aaiuo yeaiaioia, a oieueei ii?aaeaeytho eo
oei. Iaeei e oio aea ciae iaicia/aao e iaeaiueeee ii aaee/eia e
ia?aiao?ai yeaiaio, e aieueoie. Iiyoiio noaiu ia iiaoo ii?aaeaeyoue
?acia?u ecaeaeey.
I?eioeeieaeueiay noaia ii?aaeaeyao iieiue ninoaa yeaiaioia e naycae
iaaeaeo ieie. Aa eniieuecotho aeey eco/aiey i?eioeeiia ?aaiou ecaeaeee,
a oaeaea i?e eo iaeaaeea, ?aaoee?iaea, eiio?iea e ?aiiioa.
I?eioeeieaeueiua noaiu iicaieytho i?ineaaeeoue i?ioiaeaeaiea oiea a
eaaeaeie oeaie, iiiyoue ?aaioo ioaeaeueiuo aiia?aoia, naycaiioth n
i?ioiaeaeaieai oiea a oao eee eiuo oeaiyo. Iie iicaieytho onoaiiaeoue
eiee/anoai yeaiaioia, aoiaeyueo a eo ninoaa.
Eaaeaeue yeaiaio, aoiaeyuee a noaio ecaeaeey, aeieaeai eiaoue
aoeaaiii-oeeo?iaia iaicia/aiea, eioi?ia iaiaoiaeeii aeey oeacaiey a
nie?auaiiii aeaea naaaeaiee i iai, aeey nnueie ia iaai a oaenoiauo
eiino?oeoi?neeo aeieoiaioao e aeey iaianaiey iaiin?aaenoaaiii ia
ecaeaeea. Aeaiiua ia yeaiaioao caienuaatho a ia?a/aiue yeaiaioia,
eioi?ue ioi?ieytho a aeaea oaaeeoeu, ?aniieaaaaiie iau/ii iaae iniiaiie
iaaeienueth /a?oaaea. Aeiioneaaony a ioaeaeueiuo neo/ayo iiiauaoue eo
ieiei oneiaiuo a?aoe/aneeo iaicia/aiee. Oae, iai?eia?, ioi?ieytho noaiu
a ?aaeeiethaeoaeueneie eeoa?aoo?a e aeo?iaea ?aaeei.
A oneiaiuo aoeaaiii-oeeo?iauo iaicia/aieyo i?eiaiytho i?iieniua aoeau
eaoeineiai e ?onneiai aeoaaeoia e a?aaneea oeeo?u iaeeiaeiaie auniou.
I?eiyou neaaeothuea iaicia/aiey yeaiaioia: eiiaeainaoi?u N, aaia?aoi?u
G, eaoooee eiaeoeoeaiinoe L, aeaeaaoaee I, ?acenoi?u R,
o?ainoi?iaoi?u O, aiia?iao?u ?A, aieueoiao?u PV, aueeth/aoaee e
ia?aeeth/aoaee S e o.i.
I?e auiieiaiee yeaeo?e/aneeo noai i?eiaiytho neaaeothuea eeiee:
Nieioioth iniiaioth oieueiie s = 0,2?0,6 ii a caaeneiinoe io oi?iaoia
noaiu e ?acia?ia a?aoe/aneeo iaicia/aiee aeey ecia?aaeaiey eeiee
yeaeo?e/aneie nayce (i?iaiae, eaaaeue, oeia), anao aeaeia iaiioie,
?acenoi?ia, eiiaeainaoi?ia e ae?.;
Nieioioth ooieuaiioth eeieth oieueiie 2s (i?aeoe/anee ?aaioth 0,6?0,8
ii) aeey iaicia/aiey na?aea/ieeia e niaaeeiaiee n ei?ionii;
Oo?eoiaoth eeieth oieueiie s aeey ecia?aaeaiey naoie yeaeo?iiiuo
i?eai?ia;
Oo?eoiaoth eeieth oieueiie s/2, ii ia iaiaa 0,2 ii aeey ecia?aaeaiey
eeiee iaoaie/aneie nayce a yeaeo?e/aneeo noaiao, eeiee ye?aie?iaee.
Ii?yaeeiaua iiia?a yeaiaioai a iiceoeeiiiuo iaicia/aieyo i?enaaeaatho,
o/eouaay eo ?aniieiaeaiea ia noaia, iau/ii neaaa iai?aai e naa?oo aiec
Eeoa?aoo?a
1 Aaaoeei I.A. Iino?iaiea iaoeiino?ieoaeueiuo /a?oaaeae. I., Aunoay
oeiea, 1974.
2 Aiaeee A.E. Oaneei A.I. Ni?aai/iia ?oeiaiaenoai ii /a?/aieth. I.,
Iaoeiino?iaiea, 1974.
3. I?aaeea auiieiaiey noai .AINO 2.701 68, AINO 2.702 69 e ae?.
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