Реферат: П.И. Чайковский (RTF)
I.E. *aeeianeee
1
E?AOEAss AEIA?AOEss
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aeeianeee ?iaeeeny 25 ai?aey 1840 aiaea a Aioeeinea, a naiuea aee?aeoi?a
Aioeeineiai caaiaea. Aia/aoeeoaeueiue ?aaaiie /ooei iinoeaae
ie?oaeathuea aai i?e?iaeo e auo: n aeaonoaa ia anth aeeciue ii i?iieeny
aeoaieie i?eaycaiiinoueth e ?iaeeia aieoae a naay ia?iaeiua ianie.
Iineaaeothuea aeeyiey caiaaeiiaa?iiaeneie iocueaeueiie eoeueoo?u ia
ecaeaaeeee a *aeeianeii yoeo caiaaoeo a aai aeooo ia?auo aia/aoeaiee.
A aeanyoeeaoiai aic?anoa *aeeianeee aue ioi?aai io naiuee: ?iaeeoaee
ioaeaee aai a i?eaaeeaa?iaaiiia o/aaiia caaaaeaiea - a O/eeeua
i?aaiaaaeaiey a Iaoa?ao?aa. Ii ieii/ee o/eeeua a 1862 aiaeo. Ii
/eiiaie/uey ea?uea?a e ionoay naaoneay aeeciue ia i?aeueuaee
*aeeianeiai. A 1862 aiaeo ii iinooiee a Iaoa?ao?aneoth eiina?aaoi?eth,
oieueei /oi iniiaaiioth aeaaiaea?y eneeth/eoaeueiie yia?aee e
i?aaiecaoi?neiio oaeaioo aaeeeiai iocueaioa-iauanoaaiieea Aioiia
A?eai?ueaae/a ?oaeiooaeia. Ieii/ea aeanoyua Iaoa?ao?aneoth
eiina?aaoi?eth a 1865 aiaeo, *aeeianeee n 1866 aiaea aeee a Iineaa e
i?aiiaeaaae oai?eth iocuee a Iineianeie eiina?aaoi?ee.
A oa/aiea aeanyoeeaoey, ia io?uaaynue io iaaeaaiae/aneie ?aaiou,
*aeeianeee nicaeae ?yae auaeathueony i?iecaaaeaiee ai anao aeai?ao
iocuee. Naiua ciaiaieoua ec i?iecaaaeaiee yoie ii?u: ia?aua o?e
neioiiee, oaa?oth?a "?iiai e Aeaeoeueaooa" (ii Oaenie?o), Ia?aue
no?oiiue eaa?oao, iia?a "Ii?e/iee", iocuea e neacea Ino?ianeiai
"Niaao?i/ea" e iiyia-oaioacey aeey i?eano?a "Ao?y" (ii Oaenie?o). A
naiae ia?aie neioiiee *aeeianeee oiiei caia/aoeae ea?oeiu ?onneiai
iaecaaea. Ai aoi?ie neioiiee iniaaiii caia/aoaeueia iineaaeiyy /anoue n
oe?iei ?acaa?ioouie ieyniauie aeai?iauie noeaiaie.
A 1874 aiaeo *aeeianeee ni/eiyao Ia?aue eiioea?o aeey oi?oaieaii n
i?eano?ii - i?iecaaaeaiea iaen/a?iaaiie iaeiaee/aneie naaaeanoe e
uaae?inoe, eae e iia?a Eociaoe Aaeoea, iaienaiiay a oii aea aiaeo. A
1875 aiaeo iiyaeyaony iaeiaee/iaeoee ?iiaioe/aneee aaeao Eaaaaeeiia
ica?i n ecoieoaeueiuie ee?e/aneeie aaeuenaie. A1876 aiaeo *aeeianeee
nicaea?o ia iniiaa yieciaea ec aaee/aaie iiyiu Aeaioa Aiaeanoaaiiay
eiiaaeey iio?ynathuoth ii au?aceoaeueiinoe, no?anoiinoe e y?einoe iuneae
iiyio i /aeiaa/aneie ethaae - O?ai/anea aea ?aieie. Aiaeii iicaea
*aeeianeee ia/ae ?aaioo iaae iiyoe/iaeoae ec naieo iia? - Aaaaiee Iiaaei
e iaae *aoa??oie neioiieae, ii caaa?oee yoe aaue oaea ca a?aieoeae, a
Oaaeoea?ee, iinea ia?a?uaa, aucaaiiiai ia?aiui caaieaaaieai.
AEeciue *aeeianeiai a aeaeueiaeoai - yoi aai oai?/anoai. Iocuea ia auea
aeey iaai aa?neei ?acaea/aieai ia aeinoaa. Eae oieueei ii ioaeaeny
eiiiiceoi?neiio oai?/anoao, iii noaei aeey iaai aeaeii aeecie.
AAAAIEE IIAAEI
Enoi?ey e i?ioeann nicaeaiey Aaaaiey Iiaaeia aeiaieueii iayniu.
I?aaeaa?eoaeueiuo yneecia, ii-aeaeeiiio, ia nio?aieeinue.
AEecianiiniaiinoue Aaaaiey Iiaaeia iaoneiaeaia oai, /oi *aeeianeee iao?e
iaiauanoaeythuea ni/aoaiey caoeia oaeiai ea/anoaa, eaeea ioaa/aee
anaoeaei e ioaa/atho aei neo ii? naiui aeaeaiiui, naiui aieiothuei
ee?e/aneei eioiiaoeeyi iiiaeanoaa ethaeae, ieeeeiiia neooaoaeae, eai ia
oieueei a nthaeaoa ooo aeaei e ia a iiioey?iinoe iooeeineiai ?iiaia.
I?ioeaioiia niioiioaiea iaaeaeo /eoaoaeyie ?iiaia e neooaoaeyie iocuee
Aaaaiey Iiaaeia aoaeao ia a iieueco ?iiaia: neooaoaeae ieaaeaony
aieueoa.
Neooaiea Aaaaiey Iiaaeia ?onneei iauanoaii ia/aeinue n o/aie/aneiai
niaeoaeey Iineianeie eiina?aaoi?ee 17 ia?oa 1879 aiaea, oaaeoaai iiae
oi?aaeaieai aee?aeoi?a eiina?aaoi?ee I.A. ?oaeiooaeia. Niaeoaeeue
i?ienoiaeee a Iaeii oaao?a. Oieueei a 1884 aiaeo, 19 ieoya?y, Aaaaiee
Iiaaei aeiaeaeaeny iinoaiiaee a iaoa?ao?aneii Aieueoii oaao?a.
Noiie?oy iocuau i?annu e e?eoeee, nieeaeiie e ianieeaeiie, iiaeii
i?eiyoue ca iniiaiie oii ioiioaiea e Aaaaieth Iiaaeio eae e yaeaieth
ia?aoiaeyuaio, aac na?ue?ciiai a iaai aieeaiey, a oieueei eiiaaea n
iieacaiiui aeaeii na?ue?ciinoe, ii i?e yoii n iicie iaeaeu ca Iooeeia.
Auea naiaai ?iaea iiaea caueuaoue iooeeineee ?iiai io iinyaaiee
eiiiiceoi?a. Ii ioaeeea ia ia?auaea ie eaeiai aieiaiey ia
i?aaeinoa?aaeaiey noaeae aunieie aeoniaie eaaeeoeeaoeee e aueacuaaea
nai? /ooeia, ee?e/anee-ethaiaiia ioiioaiea e Aaaaieth Iiaaeio
*aeeianeiai ana neeueiaa e neeueiaa, i?eoii iianaianoii e ia caaeneii io
ea/anoaa eniieiaiey.
EOCIAOe AAEOEA e *A?AAE*EE
Iia?a Eociaoe Aaeoea auea iaienaia e i?eano?iaaia a eneeth/eoaeueii
ei?ioeee n?ie - a oa/aiea eaoa 1874 aiaea (caeii/aia 21 aaaonoa 1874
aiaea). Oaeay auno?ioa auea aucaaia oai, /oi eiiiiceoi? niaoee
caeii/eoue iia?o e eiieo?no, ioeai/ii iieaaay, /oi n?ie iiaea/e enoaeaao
inaiueth oiai aea aiaea. Ia naiii aeaea eiieo?n ninoiyeny aiaeii iicaea!
Ia?aiia/aeueii eea?aooi Eociaoea Aaeoeu auei caeacaii aeey A.I. Na?iaa,
eioi?ue ia oniae iaienaoue caaeoiaiioth ei iia?o. Iinea nia?oe Na?iaa
?onneia iocueaeueiia iauanoai iauyaeei eiieo?n ia ni/eiaiea iia?u ii
eea?aooi a noeoao ss. Iieiineiai, niaeanii iiaanoe Aiaiey Ii/ue ia?aae
?iaeaeanoaii. *aeeianeee iieo/ee ia?aoth i?aieth.
I?aiuea?a iia?u ninoiyeanue a Iaoa?ao?aa 24 iiya?y 1876 aiaea. Eociaoe
Aaeoea aue iinoaaeai i/aiue ouaoaeueii, aeaei?aoeee ieacaeenue
i?aainoiaeiuie, eniieiaiea aucaaei iieiia iaeia?aiea eiiiiceoi?a. Iia?a
naeaeaeanue ?aia?ooa?iie: a oa/aiea 1876-1880 aiaeia ninoiyeinue
naiiaaeoeaoue i?aaenoaaeaiee.
Aeaienoaaiiay ioeaiea Eociaoea Aaeoeu iaaayea eiiiiceoi?a ia iuneue
aianoe eni?aaeaiey e aeiiieiaiey a ia?oeoo?o. Naith iiaoth ?aaeaeoeeth
Eociaoea Aaeoeu *aeeianeee caeii/ee 22 ia?oa 1885 aiaea, iinea ianyoea
?aaiou. Eciaiaiey, aian?iiua eiiiiceoi?ii, aeiaieueii iiiai/eneaiiu, ii
ia iaiytho ii nouanoao ie caiunea, ie iino?iaiey iia?u. Oai ia iaiaa,
*aeeianeee aeae iia?a ai aoi?ie ?aaeaeoeee iiaia iacaaiea - *a?aae/ee. N
oao ii? noeaie/aneay aeeciue Eociaoea Aaeoeu i?ae?aoeeanue iaanaaaea.
Ia?aia eniieiaiea *a?aae/ae ninoiyeinue 19 yiaa?y 1887 aiaea a
Iineianeii Aieueoii oaao?a iiae oi?aaeaieai aaoi?a. Yoi auei ia?aia
aunooieaiea *aeeianeiai ca aee?eae??neei ioeueoii. Iia?a *a?aae/ee
i?i/ii aioea a ?aia?ooa? iiiaeo oaao?ia e aei iaoeo aeiae iieuecoaony
aieueoie iiioey?iinoueth.
Aeaaiue aa?ie niaeoaeey *aeeianeiai - ia?iae, a aeaenoaothuea eeoea
ianeiaeiie e caaaaiie aiaieaaneie enoi?ee n ieoieiaeae aeoaiei ia?iaeiu.
A nthaeaoiie eio?eaa, oeaio?ii eioi?ie yaeythony Aaeoea e Ienaia,
i?eieiatho aeoeaiia o/anoea ana ia?iaeiua ia?niiaaee iia?u. O Aaeoeu,
eae e o Ienaiu, aieueoay e e?aneaay aieaeueiay ia?oey. Ii o iaai iia
oaeoe/anee caeai/eaaaony ai aoi?ie ea?oeia aoi?iai aeoa iia?u, a a aeaoo
iineaaeieo aeoao, eiaaea ii ioi?aaeyaony ca /a?aae/eaie, aica?auaaony n
ieie e aea?eo eo Ienaia, iaeiei neiaii, eiaaea ii eae?o aa?iui ioo?i e
naiaio aeieaiaeaeaiiiio n/anoueth, eiaiii oiaaea aai ia?oey noaiiaeony
niaa?oaiii iacia/eoaeueiie, ?anoai?yynue a ia?iaeiuo noeaiao iineaaeiaai
aeoa. Aai aica?auaiea a Aeeeaiueeo ia nii?iaiaeaeaaony ethaiaiui
aeoyoii. Eiiiiceoi? i?ae?auaao aai eceeyiey e Ienaia e oi?iieony
ia?aaeaoue ooieoeeth caaa?oaiey iia?u oi?o eiaca?ae, ieeoeaoai?ythuaio
ia?iae.
Aaeaa ee iiaeii iacaaoue ae?oaoth iia?o *aeeianeiai, aaea auea au oaeay
ianna ia?iaeiuo oi?ia e ia?iaeiuo ia?acia, oaeia iaeeea auoiauo noeai. A
yoii niunea iia?a *a?aae/ee caieiaao a ianeaaeee eiiiiceoi?a niaa?oaiii
iniaia ianoi. A *a?aae/eao oeaeua noeaiu e aeaaea oeaeay ea?oeia iia?u
i?aaenoaaeyao aaiie ia?iaeii-ianaiiuo e oaioeaaaeueiuo iiia?ia. A yoii
niunea iia?a ?ac?aaaouaaao ia oe?aeineii iaoa?eaea ia?iaeiua yeaiaiou
iia? Aeeiee.
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