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Владимира Дмитриевича Аракина одного из замечательных лингвистов России предисловие настоящая книга



СодержаниеEssential course
Text. anne meets her glass
Vocabulary notes
Look ahead!
Ant. alike, е.g.
Ant. discomfort comfort t
Ant. inconvenient convenience n
Syn. unite N о t e: to join usu. means "to put two things together", е.g.
Notes on synonyms and antonyms
To glance
Essential vocabulary (i)
Why I Didn't Do My Homework
Laboratory exercises (i)
Topic: choosing а carees
Text b. choosing is not so easy as it looks
Essential vocabulary (ii)
My Memories and Miseries As a Schoolmaster
Studies of written english
Laboratory exercises (ii)
Speech patterns
EXERCISES I. Change these sentences, using Patterns 1a and 1b
II. Combine the fallowing sentences into one, using speech Pattern 1c
III. Make up sentences after Patterns 2 and 3, using the following words and phrases
IV. Translate these sentences into English, using the patterns from Units One and Two
V. Make up a dialogue, using the patterns from Units One and Two.
TEXT. A DAY'S WAIT by Ernest Hemingway
Book of Pirates
Vocabulary notes
Notes on style
E. g. He is a jolly chap. = Он парень что надо, (chap n
I'm, I've, I'll, you'd, you're
Essential vocabulary (i)
1. Read the text and the Notes on Lexicology and Style and talk on the following points (A. Grammar, B.Word usage, C. Style)
II. a) Choose the best translation of each English sentence below (or give your own variant) and reason oat your choice
b) Translate the description of the father's walk. III. a) Copy, transcribe and give Russian equivalents of these words
b) Give the four forms of the verbs
IV. Try your hand at teaching. (Look up the words and phrases you may need to do the task in "Classroom English", Sections IV, V
V. Answer the questions
Begin when possible your answers with
b) Give the opposite of
VII. Fill in a) ache, hurt, pain, painful
b) in, on
c) refuse, give up
d) like, as
VIII. Write 5 questions after each pattern below. (Keep to the same word order.) Discuss them in class
IX. Retell the text in reported speech following the outline given below
Use the vocabulary of the text and the words
XI. Make up short dialogues starting with the sentences below. Try and argue with each other
Use such phrases as
XII. Translate into English
ХIII. а) Fill in prepositions or adverbs where necessary and summarizethe passage
XIV. Translate the following text into English
XV. Make up three short dialogues, using the phrases listed below
XVI. Try your hand at teaching. 1. Say what yon would do in the teacher's position
2. Practise your "Classroom English". Play the part of the teacher and get your pupils to write a spelling test on the board.
Iaboratory exercises (i)
Topic: illnesses and their treatment
Notes on synonyms
Text b. a visit to the doctor
Text c. at the dentists
Essential vocabulary (п)
You're wrong. You're mistaken. I can't agree with you. Nothing of the kind. But
A. Preparation.
В. Work in Class
Сколько стоит аппендицит?
Studies of written english
Laboratory exercises (ii)
Curiosity quiz for eagers
Unit three
It is always interesting
I. Say whether you like or dislike the way
II. Fill in missing adjectives + preposition
III. Translate these sentences into English
IV. Make up micro-dialogues using Speech Patterns 1—2
Text. introducing london
Vocabulary notes
Notes on homonyms
Essential vocabulary (i)
Proper Names
1. Read the text and talk as the following points (A. Grammar, B. Word usage, С. Word-formation)
II. a) Search tee text and the footnotes for the English equivalents of the sentences and phrases listed below
b) Use them in sentences of your own. III. a) Spell and give the four forms of the following verbs
c) Write the degrees of comparison of: narrow, small, great, old, quiet, worthy, busy, easy. d) Find homonyms in Text of Unit Th
V. Write questions based on the text. Use in your questions the suggested word combinations. Ask your questions in class
VI. Try your hand at teaching. (See "Classroom English", Sections VI, VIII, IX, X.)
VIII. a) Comment on the dialogue below
b) Make up similar dialogues on the sights of your native town. The following phrases might help you
IX. Fill in a suitable word or phrase: a) surprise, astonish, strike, puzzle
b) piece, lamp, slice
c) historic or historical
X. Retell the Text Use the map of London on pp. 114-115. XI. a) Fill in preposition» wherever necessary
b) Speak about the traffic in this country using the word combinations in bold type.
ХIII. Translate the sentences into English, using a) be well worth + ger/n or b) just as... so
XIV. Arrange micro-dialogues on the following topics
XV. a) Read and translate the text
b) Answer the suggested questions
XVI. Translate the sentences into English
ХVII. a) Read the text. Retell it adding some more Information about Parliament
b) Say what you know about the Russian Parliament, i. e. two chambers: the Duma and the Council of Federation. XVIII. Give the i
XIX. Read and comment on the following
XX. a) Collect information on English traditions and customs.
Laboratory exercises (i)
Topic: city
Text b. sightseeing
Text с. red square
Essential vocabulary (ii)
Proper Names
I. Study Text A and explain the meaning of the words and phrases listed below
II. Learn the words of the texts and a) copy and transcribe these words
c) Form derivatives of these verbs by adding the prefix re- (meaning "do smth. again")
IV. Read the text and show all the places of interest mentioned there on the map
V. Use Text В to practise similar conversations on Moscow. VI. Read and retell
VII. Make up short situations or dialogues, using tne following words and phrases
VIII. Fill in prepositions
IX. Review Text "Introducing London", texts A, B, Exercises IV, VI, VIII and study the map of London. Speak on the given topics
X. Translate into English
XI. Read Text С. Say what landmarks you would mention to a group of tourists standing in the middle of Red Square. Use the word
XIII. Try your band at teaching. 1. Read the text. Discuss what you would do in the teacher's position
2. Get 4-5 pictures of London (Moscow) attractions and be ready to comment on them. (See "Classroom English", Sections II, Ш, V.
XVI. a) Get ready to read the text aloud, b) Write a translation of the text
XVII. Role-playing
XVIII. Describe (in writing) a sight or a view that once struck yon as picturesque, beautiful or unusual.
XIX. Film: "Mr. Brown's Holiday." Film segment 3 "In Dear Old England" (Broadstairs). a) Watch and listen, b) Do the exercises f
Topic sentence
2. Find the topic sentence that holds the unity of the whole passage.
Laboratory exercises (ii)
3. Translate the sentences into English, check them with the key.
Curiosity quiz for eagers
4. What is the "Union Jack"? What does it look like? What is its origin? Where and when can it be seen?
Unit four
I. Paraphrase toe following, using some of the patterns above
II. Describe toe following situations in one sentence, using Pattern 2
III. Supply adjectives
IV. Translate the sentences into English, using the patterns
V. Make up dialogues or situations, using the patterns.
Vocabulary notes
Syn. to become to get smth. done, е.g.
Notes on style
Essential vocabulary (i)
1. Read Text of Unit Four and the Notes on Style and talk on the following points (A. Grammar, B. Word usage. С. Style)
II. a) Search the text for English equivalents of the phrases listed below and write them ia your exercise book
III. Translate in writing these passages. Compare and discuss different variants of students' translation
IV. Try your hand at teaching
b) Explain to the students when the final r should be doubled
VIII. Study the Vocabulary Notes end Essential Vocabulary (I) and a) Paraphrase the following (in writing)
b) Make op sentences with the phrases yea have written. IX. A word in one language may have different equivalents in another.
b) Ask the students to translate the Russian variants of your sentences. X. Translate the sentences into English using Essential
XI. Retell the test following the outline (see Ex. VI, p. 132). Speak about the contradictions between the words and the behavio
XII. a) Translate these sentences into Russian.
b) Write sentences of your own using the phrases in bold type. Address them to the other students who should reply them expressi
XIV. Fill in prepositions or adverbs where necessary
XV. Translate the sentences into English, using Essential Vocabulary (I) and Patterns 1-4
XVII. Try your hand at teaching. 1. Say what you would do in the teacher's position
2. Practise your "Classroom English". Ask your pupils: a) to do Exercise XIV on p. 134 (written work); b) to get ready with Exer
b) Discuss the following questions
Laboratory exercises (i)
Topic: meals
Text в. at table
Text с. in the dining-hall
Essential vocabulary (ii)
Study the meanings and use of these items of your Essential Vocabulary
To fry, to roast, to stew
I. Study Text A and a) spell and transcribe English equivalents of the following
b) give the four forms of the following verbs: eat, fry, roast, accompany, fill, bring. c) explain the meaning of the following
A. Preparation.
III. Study Texts В and С and a) explain the meaning of
b) Learn Text С by heart and recite it la pairs. V. Study Essential Vocabulary II and the commentary to it and answer the follow
VI. Fill in prepositions or adverbs where necessary
VII. Translate these sentences into English
VIII. a) Act out the dialogues below: A. Inviting someone out
B. Asking your friends to do you a favour.
b) Make up dialogues of your own using word combinations from the texts.
XI. a) Study the text
XII. Try your band at teaching
ХIII. a) Read the text below and comment on it
b) What is the attitude towards tea drinking in this country? XIV. Translate toe following sentences
XV. a) Study the text
b) Comment on the text adding some more information on the topic. XVI. Make up dialogues
XVII. Brash up your table manners. A. Answer the following questions and then check your answers by comparing litem with the ans
В. Make up dialogues discussing good and bad table manners. Use the material of Section A for questions and that of Section В fo
XVIII. a) Read and translate the following extracts
b) Comment on the table manners of the Jenssen family and say what you would do if you were the father or the mother
c) Comment on the character of the landlady. Prove your statement. XIX. Try your hand at teaching
XX. Role-playing
XXI.. Arrange short debates on the following questions
Laboratory exercises (ii)
Curiosity quiz for eagers
I speech patterns
TEXT. A FRESHMAN'S EXPERIENCE From "Daddy Long-Legs" by Jean Webster
Vocabulary notes
Essential vocabulary (i)
I. Read the text and do the following (A. Grammar, B. Word usage)
II. Choose two or three paragraphs from the text of Unit Five for translation. Reason your choice and discuss possible variants
IV. Write an outline of die letter. (Differentiate between significant and insignificant events described in the letter. Leave o
VI. Study Vocabulary Notes and translate the illustrative examples into Russian.
VIII. Paraphrase the following sentences
IX. a) Write 20 questions about the second part of the text of Unit Five using the following words and phrases
b) Ask your fellow-students to give their responses. X. Translate the following sentences into English
XI. a) Retell the contents of Judy's letter in Indirect Speech.
ХII. Insert prepositions or adverbs where necessary
XIII. Revise Essential Vocabulary (I) and translate the following
XIV. Compose 20 sentences about the text, using modal verbs must, can, may, ought, might with the perfect infinitive
XV. a) Translate the text into Russian
From "Daddy Long-Legs" by
XVII. Compose dialogues and perform them in class: 1. between Judy and Julia Pendleton about Judy's guardian
XIX. Try your hand at teaching. 1. Say what you would do in the teacher's positions
2. Practise your "Classroom English".
b) Play the part of a young teacher describing a lesson in a very unruly class to his/her fellow teachers. (See "Classroom Engli
2. Paraphrase the given sentences.
Topic: education
Text a. higher education and teacher training in great britain
Text b. dialogue
Text с. how to get a degree
Essential vocabulary (ii)
I. Study Text A and write English equivalents of the following words and phrases. Transcribe them
III. Study Texts В and С and write English equivalents of the following words and phrases
IV. Ask your fellow-students
V. Retell Text В in indirect speech using new words and word combinations.
VII. a) Retell Text С in indirect speech; b) act it out.
X. a) Bead and translate into Russian
b) Argue the pros and cons of: 1. Tutorial system. 2. Students' uniform. 3. Residential colleges. XI. Describe the pictures on p
XIII. Read the text. Comment on its content
XIV. Speak on
XVI. Compose a short story to which the pictures on pp. 187-189 might serve as an illustration. Use prompt words and phrases lis
XVII. Film "Mr. Brown's Holiday". Film segment 5 "Is it Good to be a Student?" (Chrichester). a) Watch and listen, b) Do the exe
Laboratory exercises (ii)
Curiosity quiz for eagers
II. Give the names of humorists: a) you appreciate most of all; b) of British or American origin; c) of world reputation.
I speech patterns
I. Paraphrase the following sentences, using Patten 1
II. Complete the following sentences, using the patterns
III. Translate these sentences into English
IV. Make up short situations to illustrate Patterns 1, 2, 3 (three situations for each pattern). V. Make up dialogues, using all
Vocabulary notes
Syn. break to make a pause делать паузу, останавливаться, е.g.
Notes on word-formation
Essential vocabulary (i)
I. Read the text and do the following (A. Grammar, B. Word usage, C. Word-formation).
Read the translation in class and discuss it with your fellow-students. III. a) Transcribe these words
IV. Write twenty special questions about the text In each question use one of the phrases from Essential Vocabulary (I). V. Fill
VI. Study Vocabulary Notes and translate the illustrative examples into Russian. VII. Answer the following questions
IX. a) Fill in different English equivalents of the Russian words занят and свободен (engaged, busy, occupied or vacant, free, s
b) Think of situations or microdialogues consisting of a statement (or a question) and a reply to it using the words mentioned a
XI. Read the story carefully and answer the following questions
ХII. Try your band at teaching
ХIII. Write a summary of the story "A Friend in Need". Before writing it find answers to the following questions that may serve
XIV. Speak on the characters of the story
XV. Paraphrase the following sentences, using colloquial words and phrases from the text instead of the words in italic type whi
XVI. Revise the story and discuss the following
XVII. Perform a dialogue between old Burton and his namesake.
Role-play a Trial at which you will try Burton for wilful murder. It may be arranged in the following way
Counsel for the prosecution
XIX. Think of a different end to the story (comical, puzzling, etc.).
ХXII. a) Read the text
b) Retell the text above using the phrases in italic type. c) Comment on the text. Say if you think such a competition is a spor
2. Practise your Classroom English.
1. Listen to the text "A Friend in Need", mark the stresses and tunes. Read the text following the model.
3. Write a spelling-translation test.
6. Listen to the text "The Story of Arthur Bloxham" or some other story on students' life; write 10 questions to the text. Get r
Topic: sports and games
Text b. sports and games popular in england
Text c. the football match
Essential vocabulary (ii)
Some popular games
I. Study Texts A and В and transcribe these words
III. Study Essential Vocabulary (II), Explanatory Notes and name: a) as many kinds of sport as you can; b) some open-air games;
V. a) Fill in prepositions if necessary
b) Retell the text. VI. Answer the following questions. Do not answer in one sentence. Add something
VIII. Translate the following sentences into English
IX. Correct the wrong statements. Add a few more sentences to make up a dialogue
3. Place where played
5. Length of game
b) Make up dialogues discussing one (or several) of the sports from the list above. Use the following
XII. a) Read the text and comment on it
b) What do you know of the kinds of sport which recently appeared! Describe them and say what attracts people in them.
XIV. Translate into English
XV. a) Translate the text into Russian
b) Comment on the extract
XVI. a) Study the text and search for some arguments in favour of sport. Summarize the text
b) Persuade your partner to start practising sport immediately.
Studies of written english
1. Give your own version of the gist of "A Day's Wait" and "How We Kept Mother's Day".
Laboratory exercises (п)
3. Write a spelling-translation test Check it with a dictionary.
5. Listen to the text "Sport in Great Britain".
Curiosity quiz for eagers
Unit seven
I. Change the following sentences to as to use the patterns
II. Complete tee following, using Pattern 2
IV. Respond to the following statements and questions, using the patterns. (Make use of the conversational formulas given in the
Text. the british isles
Vocabulary notes
Essential vocabulary (i)
I. Read the text and do the following (A. Grammar, B. Word usage, C. Word-formation)
II. Write English equivalents of the following
III. a) Make up a list of geographical names used in the text (mind the articles) and transcribe them. b) Transcribe and transla
с) Translate the following verbs into English. Give their four forms
V. Answer the following questions (use the map on p. 240)
VII. Study the following derivatives and compounds
d) Give Russian equivalents of the following
VIII. Supply articles where necessary. Write answers to the questions
IX. Study Vocabulary Notes and translate the illustrative examples into Russian. X. Supply suitable words (consult Essential Voc
XI. Express the same idea in your own words or explain the following substituting synonyms for the words in italics
XII. Fill in prepositions. Make a study of the text'
ХIII. Write questions about the text, using new words and phrases in each question. When asking and answering the questions use
b) Talk (or make up a dialogue) on the climate "of the European part of Russia using the terms from the text above.
XVII. Fill in
XVIII. Translate the sentences into English
XIX. The table below (April, 1981) shows some similarities and differences between the four countries of Great Britain
XX. Talk about your home town. Use the following dialogue as a model
XXI. Try your hand at teaching.
Laboratory exercises (i)
3. Complete the sentences with geographical terms. Write these terms down and check them with the key (oral and written work).
6. Listen to the text "Soil and Vegetation" or some other text on Geography: a) write it as a dictation; b) retell it.
Topic: geography
Text b. the english landscape
Text c. looking at the map of russia
Essential vocabulary (п)
Proper Names
I. Study Texts A and В and a) transcribe the words below
III. Writte questions about Text A, using the words and phrases from Ex. II. Prepare to discuss the text (Use he map.)
V. Retell Text С in indirect speech. Try and give an additional piece of information on the topic.
VII. Study Text С and use it as a model for a talk between an Englishman and a Russian who is on his first visit to England.
IХ. Supply articles where necessary
X. Discuss the following topics (use the map)
XI. Supply prepositions where necessary
XIII. Finish up the sentences according to the model. (Consult a diction­ary.)
XIV. Make up dialogues between an English and a Russian student on the topics
Британский характер
Генри. Стил Коммаыджер
XVI, Comment on the following proverbs and sayings. (Explain their meaning, give their Russian equivalents.)
ХVII. Read the following passage and a) discuss it in detail; b) give a short summary of the passage; c) comment on the followin
XVIII. Role-playing
Don't Spoll Nature
Right, can we begin, then, do you think? Can you all hear me at the back! Good, that's fine
XIX. Film "Mr. Brown's Holiday". Film Segment 7 "How do I Get to...?" (Sallsbury), a) Watch and lislen, b) Do the exercises from
Laboratory exercises (ii)
Curiosity quiz for eagers
II. Quiz "Across the British Isles".
Unit eight
2. You can't act without feeling.
I. Change the sentences, using the patterns
II. Complete the following sentences, using the patterns. Make nse of the words and phrases in brackets
III. Translate the following sentences into English. Use the patterns
IV. Respond to the following statements, using the patterns. (Make use of the conversational formulas given in the Reminder.)
V. Think of short situations in which you can use these patterns.
TEXT. SEEING PEOPLE OFF By Max Beerbohm
Vocabulary notes
Notes on style
Essential vocabulary (i)
1. Bead the text and explain the following points (A. Grammar, B. Word usage, C. Style)
II. a) Write the transcribed words in traditional spelling. Explain the rules for reading. Think of some other words spelled in
b) Mark the stresses and explain the reading rules. Translate the words into Russian
b) Explain the difference between the synonyms within each pair. (See Notes on p. 18.) When in doubt, consult dictionaries.
V. Study Vocabulary Notes, translate the illustrative examples and a) give synonyms of
VI. Fill in appropriate words (coasult Essential Vocabulary (I) list)
VII. Express in one word (see Text Eight aad Vocabulary Notes)
VIII. The following statements are not true to fact Correct them, using the conversational formulas given in the Reminder
IX. Insert prepositions where necessary
X. Translate these sentences into Russian
XI. Try your band at teaching. Say what yon would do in the teacher's position
b) Give a summary of the story. ХIII. Translate these sentences into English
XIV. Act out the scene
XV. Go over the text of Unit 8 again to discuss the following in class. Let someone agree or disagree and express their own opin
Laboratory exercises (i)
4. Write a spelling-translation test: a) translate the phrases into English; b) check them with the key.
Topic: travelling
Text в. ат тне station
Text с. a voyage round europe
Notes on synonyms
Essential vocabulary (п)
I. Answer the questions. Be careful to argue your case well
II. Fill in appropriate words (consult the list of synonyms on pp. 291— 292):.
VII. Role-playing. Work in groups of four or five
VIII. Translate the following into English
IX. Make up dialogues.
X. а) Translate the following fragment into Russian in written form
XI. a) Read the text below and translate it into Russian orally
b) Answer the following questions
XII. Speak individually or arrange a discussion on the following
ХIII. Try your hand at teaching. 1. Arrange and run a conversation on the following text
XIV. A. Do yon know how to act sensibly when out in the wilds? If not, the text below might help you
B. Describe the pictures. Use the suggested phrases. С See if the travellers have acted sessibly. Support your idea.
Studies of written english
The heading.
The Greeting.
My own Lovey-Dovey
1. Go over the letters (see Unit Five) and copy down the samples of the complimentary close.
4. Write a letter to your dean in which you request permission to stay at your parents' several days more. Give your reason clea
Laboratory exercises (ii)
4. Write a spelling-translation test: a) translate the phrases into English; b) check them with the key.
Curiosity quiz for eagers
3. The Mystery of the Atlantis, the Mystery of the Bennudian Triangle, the Mystery of the Easter Isle, the Loch Ness Monster?
Unit nine
I. Change the sentences, using the patterns
II. Think of a situation. Suggest a beginning matching up the end. Use the proper pattern
III. Translate the following into English. Use the patterns
IV. Respond to the following statements and questions, using the patterns
V. Write 12 questions suggesting answers with these patterns. (The questions in Ex. IV may serve as a model.)
TEXT. ROSE AT THE MUSIC-HALL From "They Walk in the City" by J. B. Priestley
Vocabulary notes
Syn. worry 2. страстное стремление к чему-л., е.g.
Essential vocabulary (i)
1. Bead the text and explain the following points (A. Grammar, B. Word usage, С. Style)
II. Transcribe the following words and translate them into Russian
and write your own sentences with the same word-combinations, b) Find in the text sentences with
VI. Tell the story of Rose as your own experience in the past. VII. Study Vocabulary Notes and a) translate the examples; b) giv
VIII. Fill in with: a) be anxious, worry, trouble, bother.
b) anxious and its derivatives
d) entertain and its derivatives
X. Translate these sentences into English, using the word way.
XI. Make up dialogues
ХII. Insert prepositions or adverbs where necessary
ХIII. Make up a story, using the words and phrases from Essential Vocabulary I. XIV. Translate the following sentences into Engl
XV. Test on synonymy. Consult Notes on pp. 18 and 201.
2. Point out the synonymic dominant of each group.
XVI. Go over the text again and try to discuss the following
XVII. a) Translate the text into Russian
b) Comment on the following aspects of the fragment
Laboratory exercises (i)
4. Write a spelling-translation test: a) translate the phrases into English; b) check them with the key.
Topic: theatre
Text b. at the box-office
Text с. pantomimes
Essential vocabulary (ii)
I. Answer the following questions
II. Try your band at teaching
III. Learn Text В by heart. Act out this dialogue. IV. Retell Text С in your own words.
VI. Read the following and either agree or disagree with the state­ments. (See the Reminder.)
VII. a) Describe your impressions of a play (opera, ballet) you have seen. Follow the plan below
b) Make up dialogues discussing the points above. VIII. a) Supply articles where necessary
b) Answer the following questions
b) What can you say about the significance of the event described above for the history of Russian and world theatre?
b) Try your hand at teaching
XXI. a) Translate the following fragments into Russian (in writing)!
b) Comment on the fragments above. ХIII. Speak individually or arrange a discussion on the following
XIV. Try your hand at teaching. 1. Say what you would do in the teacher's position
2. Respond to the following modestly. Here are a few possible ways of beginning answers
3. Classroom English. (Revision)
XV. Describe these pictures: Use the following
Studies of written english
The beginning, or introduction
The end or conclusion
2. Write a composition following the events described in the pictures on pp. 338-339.
Laboratory exercises (ii)
3. Listen to the dialogue "Pantomimes", mark the stresses and tones. Repeat it following the model.
Curiosity quiz for eagers
3. What do you know about the problem of Shakespeare's authorship?
A. classroom english
The following comments are often used on written work
These phrases help to keep the conversation moving
B. conversational phrases
2. Reacting to News
3. Discussion. Opinions
4. Agreeing. Disagreeing
5. Giving Advice
Pattern п: (low pre-head +) descending
Pattern v: (low pre-head'+) (high head + ) mid-level
Pattern viii: (low pre-head+) low head + + low rise (+tail)
2. Read the following dialogues. Express the suggested attitudes
c) Make up conversational situations, using the following phrases
d) Use the same phrases in a conversation.
5. This exercise is meant to test your ability to read and reproduce a story with correct intonation.
Practise reading the joke several times.
SECTION TWO. Intonation Pattern IX. High fall
1. listen carefully to the following conversational situations. Concen­trate your attention on the intonation of the replies
2. Listen to the replies and repeat them in the intervals. Start the fall high enough. 3. Listen to the Verbal Context and reply
5. Listen to a fellow-student reading the replies and point out his (her) errors in pronunciation.
Verbal Context
7. Give your own replies to the Verbal Context above. Use Intonation Pattern IX in them.
10. Practise the following dialogues. Use the High Fall in them. Ob­serve the attitudes you convey
Verbal Context
12. Make up a dialogue of your own, using some of the phrases from Ex. 10.
14. This exercise is meant to develop your ability to hear and reproduce intonation in reading.
Doctor, Dentist and Chemist
16. This exercise is meant to develop your ability to hear intonation and reproduce it in different speech situations.
17. This exercise is meant to test your ability to analyse and reproduce material for reading and retelling.
Doctor's Orders
SECTION THREE. Intonation Pattern X (LOW PRE-HEAD+) RISING HEAD + HIGH FALL (+ TAIL)
Verbal Context
4. In order to fix Intonation Pattern X in your mind, ear and speech habits, pronounce each reply several times until it sounds
Verbal Context
7. Give your own replies to the Verbal Context of Ex. 1 and 6. Use Intonation Pattern X.
9. Read the following extracts. Observe the position of the logical stress
10. Look for similar situations in the books you are reading at the moment
12. This exercise is meant to develop your ability to bear and repro­duce intonation in different speech situations.
13. This exercise is meant to revise Intonation Pattern IX. Read the following dialogue. Use the High Fall to express personal c
14. This exercise is meant to develop your ability to hear intonation and reproduce it in different speech situations.
15. This exercise is meant to test your ability to analyze material for reading.
SECTION FOUR. Intonation Pattern XI(LOW PRE-HEAD + ) FALLING HEAD+ HIGH FALL (+ TAIL)
1. Listen carefully to the following conversational situations. Concen­trate your attention on the intonation of the replies
Drill Statements (conveying personal concern; sounding light, airy, warm)
3. Listen to the Verbal Context above and reply in the intervals con­centrating your attention on the intonation line.
Verbal Context
Verbal Context
Verbal Context
Verbal Context
Verbal Context
12. This exercise is meant to develop your ability to hear and re­produce intonation in conversation.
13. Translate into English. Use the corresponding phrases from item(d) above. Do not let your Russian pronunciation habits inter
14. Head the following dialogue
15. Make up a dialogue of your own, using some of the phrases of the dialogue above.
17. This exercise is meant to test your ability to analyze and reproduce material for reading and retelling.
SECTION FIVE Compound Tunes FALL + RISE
Verbal Context
3. Listen to the Verbal Context and reply to it in the intervals.
6. Use the Fall + Rise in the replies. Say what attitude you mean to render
7. Say the following sentences with a) the High Fall + the Low Rise; b) the Descending Head + the Low Rise. Observe the differen
8. Give your own replies to the Verbal Context of Ex. 1 and 6. 9. Read the following situations. Convey the attitudes suggested
11. Listen to the Verbal Context and express sympathy in the replies. Use the proper intonation pattern
12. This exercise is meant to develop your ability to hear and re­produce intonation in conversation.
13. Make up conversational situations, using the following phrases
14. Make up a dialogue about your future profession.
16. This exercise is meant to test your ability to analyze and reproduce material for reading and retelling.
At the Lessen
SECTION SIX Compound Tunes TWO OR MORE FALLS WITHIN ONE SENSE-GROUP
1. Listen carefully to the following conversational situations. Concen­trate your attention on the intonation of the replies
4. In order to fix the intonation in your mind, ear and speech habits repeat the replies yourself until they sound perfectly nat
Verbal Context
Ii. (low pre-head +) high falls + fall-rise
Verbal Context
10. Listen to the Verbal Context and reply in the intervals.
14. Read the sentences taking into consideration the suggestions in brackets. Observe the changes in sentence stress
Not on the right side.) (Not in Moscow.)
15. Read the following sentences expressing the attitudes suggested in brackets. Use them In conversational situations of your o
16. The teacher will suggest a Verbal Context You in turn reply to it in the form of statements and questions, expressing person
18. Make statements to be corrected according to the model above. The drill will continue until every student has participated.
20. Make up a dialogue of your own, using phrases from the dialogue above.
SECTION SEVEN Intonation pattern XIII. (LOW PRE-HEAD + ) HIGH RISE (+TAIL) II. (LOW PRE-HEAD + ) (HIGH HEAD+) HIGH RISE ( + TAIL
1. Listen carefully to the following conversational situations. Concentrate your attention on the intonation of the replies
Questions echoing, calling for repetition or additional information, sometimes shading into disapproval or puzzlement
5. Listen to a fellow-student reading the replies. Tell him (her) what his (her) errors in pronunciation are.
Verbal Context
7. Respond to the following sentences. Use Intonation Pattern ХП casing for a repetition of the information already given.
8. This exercise is meant to develop your ability to near and reproduce intonation in different speech situations.
9. Make up conversational situations, using the following phrases
10. Read the following dialogues. Define the communicative type of the sentences and say what attitudes you mean to convey
11. Make up a dialogue of your own, using some of the phrases from the dialogues above.
13. Listen to the text on the tape ("Commerce and Industry"). Write it down. Mark the stresses and tunes. Practise the text.
15. This exercise is meant to develop your ability to hear the intonation and reproduce it in proper speech situations.
Practise reading the text several times.
Section eight. high pre-head
Exercises i.
Verbal Context
Verbal Context
Ii. high pre-head + high fall (+tail)
Verbal Context
Verbal Context
Iii. high pre-head + low rise (+ tail)
Verbal Context
Verbal Context
Section one
Section two
Section four
Insufficient Local Knowledge
Section five
Ex. 15. Nothing to Complain About
Section six
Section seven
Ex. 15. Mothering Sunday (Mother's Day)
Section eight
Grammar exercises the indicative mood revision exercises on tense and voice
b) Use the Present Indefinite or the Present Continuous instead of the infinitives in brackets
2. Translate the sentences into English, using I hear and I am told where possible
3. a) Comment on the Present Perfect and the Present Perfect Continuous
b) Use the Present Perfect or the Present Perfect Continuous instead of, the infinitives in brackets
c) Translate these sentences into Russian
4. Use the Past Indefinite or the Present Perfect instead of the infinitives in brackets
5. a) Comment on the Past Indefinite, the Past Continuous, the Past Perfect and the Past Perfect Continuous
b) Use the required past tense instead of the infinitives in brackets
6. Translate the sentences into English, paying attention to the use of tenses
7. a) Comment on the use of the future tenses (the Future Indefinite, the Future Continuous and the Future Perfect)
b) Use the required future or present tense instead of tee infinitives in brackets where necessary
8. Use the reguired tense instead of the infinitives in brackets
9. Replace the Infinitives in brackets by the required tense, paying attention to the sequence of tenses
10. Change the following from direct into indirect speech
11. Use the required teases instead of the infinitives in brackets
12. Think of a suitable context to use the following sentences
13. Translate these sentences Into English
14. Use the required tenses instead of the infinitives in brackets
15. Comment on the use of tenses in the following sentences and translate them into Russian
16. Use the required tenses instead of the infinitives in brackets and translate the sentences into Russian
17. Use the required tenses instead of the infinitives in brackets and comment on their use
I8. Pay attention to the use of the Continuous tenses. Translate the sentences into Russian
The subjunctive mood and the conditional mood
20. Comment on the mood of the verb in the following sentences
21. Complete the following sentences a) using the Conditional Mood
b) using the Subjunctive Mood
22. Supply the correct mood of the verbs in brackets
23. Change into sentences of unreal condition
24. Translate these sentences into English
25. Comment on the use of the Subjunctive Mood and translate the sentences into Russian
26. Supply the correct mood of the verbs in brackets
27. Comment on the use of the Conditional Mood and translate the sentences into Russian
28. Translate the sentences into English, paying attention to the use of the Conditional Mood
29. Supply the correct mood of the verbs in brackets
30. Translate the sentences into English paying attention to the use of the Subjunctive and the Conditional
31. Comment on the use of the Old Present Subjunctive and translate the sentences into Russian
Modal verbs
33. Comment on the form and meaning of the verb can. Translate the sentences into Russian
34. Use the verb can in the correct form followed by the appropriate infinitive
35. Translate Into English, using; the verb can
36. Comment on the form and meaning of the verb may. Translate the sentences into Russsian
37. Translate these sentences into English, using the verb may.
38. Fill in the blanks with the verbs can or may in the correct form
39. Point out the oblique moods and modal phrases with can and may. Translate the sentences into Russian
40. Translate these sentences into English, using can or may.
41. Comment on the meaning of the verb must. Translate the sentences into Russian
42. Translate the following sentences Into English
43. Change the following sentences from Active into Passive
44. Fill in the blanks with the verbs can, may or must
45, Translate these sentences into English, using the verbs can, may, mash
46. Comment on the meaning of have to. Translate the sentences into Russian
47. Fill in the blanks with must or have to
48. Make the following sentences negative and interrogative
49. Change the following statements into disjunctive questions
51. Comment on the use of must, have to, be to and translate the sentences into Russian
52. Comment on the meaning of the verb need
53. Fill in the blanks with didn't have to or needn't have
54. Fill in the blanks with mast, have to, be to or need
55. Translate the sentences into English, using must, ham to, be to or need
56. Comment on the meaning of the verb ought. Translate the sentences into Russian
57. Paraphrase the following sentences so as to use ought (oughtn't) followed by a correct form of the infinitive
58. Fill in the blanks with ought, have to, be to or need followed by the appropriate infinitive
59. Comment on the meaning of the verb should. Translate the sentences into Russian
60. State whether should is auxiliary or modal
61. Translate the sentences into English, using must, ought, should, need, have to or be to
63. Pay attention to the use of should in subordinate clauses after some verbs and expressions. Translate the sentences into Rus
64. Fill in the blanks with mast, should or need
65. Comment on the modal colouring of the following sentences with shall
66. Comment on the meaning of will and would. Translate the sentences into Russian
67. Comment on the meaning of shall and will. Translate the sentences into Russian
68. Replace shall and will with the suggested alternative verb, making any necessary changes
69. Fill in the blanks with should or would
70. Translate the sentences into English, using should or would
Revision exercises on mood and modal verbs
72. Answer the following questions
73. Replace the infinitives in brackets by the correct form of the oblique moods
74. Translate these sentences into English
75. Translate the following sentences Sato English. Pay attention to the use of the oblique moods
76. Complete the following sentences
77. Replace the infinitives in brackets by the correct form of the oblique mood
78. Translate these sentences into English. Pay attention to the use of the oblique moods
79. Comment on the meaning of the modal verbs and translate the sentences into Russian
80. Use the verbs can oi may.
81. Fill in the blanks with should, need, hare to with the appropriate form of the Infinitive
82. Translate the sentences into English, using modal verbs
83. Insert tee appropriate modal verb
84. Translate the sentences into English using modal verbs
Non-finite forms of the verb
The Gerund
112. Use the appropriate form of the Gerund of the verbs in brackets
113. Use the appropriate form of the Gerund and insert prepositions where necessary
114. Comment on the functions of the Gerund in the following serlences
115. Use the appropriate form of the Gerund. Insert prepositions where necessary
116. Translate these sentences into English, using the Gerund
117. Point out complexes with the Gerund and comment on their function? in the following sentences
118. Make up sentences, using the Gerund after the following verbs
120. Translate into English, using the Gerund
121. Use the Gerund instead of the subordinate clauses. Insert prepositions if necessary
122. Complete the following, using the Gerund
123. Translate the sentences Into English, using the Gerund
The Participles
125. Use the appropriate form of the First Participle of the verbs brackets
126. Translate the sentences into English, using the First Participle
127. Point out the Complex Object with the First Participle. Translate the sentences into Russian
128. Use the Infinitive or the First Participle of the verbs in brackets to form a Complex Object
129. Point out the "Nominative Absolute" construction and translate the sentences into Russian
130. Translate the sentences Into English, using the First Participle
131. Replace the attributive and adverbial clauses in the following sentences by participle phrases
132. Replace the participle phrases in the following sentences by attributive or adverbial clauses
133. Translate the sentences into English, using attributive participle phrases, where possible
134. Point out the Second Participle and state its functions in the sentence
133. Replace the attributive clauses in the following sentences by phrases with the Second Participle, where possible
136. a) Translate the following word-groups into English. Pay attention to the place of the Second Participle
b) Make up sentences with the word-groups you have translated.
Revision exercises on the verbais
139. Complete the following sentences, using infinitives or infinitive constructions
140. Use the Gerund or the Infinitive of the verbs in brackets. Fill in the blanks with appropriate prepositions
141. Translate the sentences into English, using the Gerund
142. State whether the -ing- form is a participle, a gerund or a verbal noun
143. Point out the verbals and comment on them
Essential course 4
Text. introducing london 36
Topic: education 70
Topic: travelling 116
Exercises in intonation 143
Low pre-head + ) falling head+ high fall (+ tail) 153
Section eight. high pre-head 171
Non-finite forms of the verb 196
Практический курс английского языка
ЕЛ. Корнеева. An English Gramma. М., Просвещение, 1985; ВЗ. Гуревич. Practical English Gramma. М., «Наука», 2003. Kaushanskiya
To mark smb. present/absent
Morning break
Pyle, Howard
A. D. = Anno Domini (Lat.): in the year of the Lord, new era ['isre]. 22 Greater London
The Observer, The Guardian, The Times
The Duke of Wellington
Don: a college tutor who directs the studies of undergraduates 54 I.Q.
94,250 square miles
The Channel Tunnel
Max Beerbohm