Model of atom’s nucleus and table of elements
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Model of atoms nucleus and table of elements.
Every subsequent element of the table of elements differs from the previous one in the amount of protons in its nucleus which is increased by one unit and the amount of neutrons is increased by several units in general. That means , that there are more neutrons in the nucleus than protons (without taking into consideration the lightest nucleuses). The scientific literature doesnt give any explanation of this strange correlation of neutrons number to the protons number.
It should be noted that for the construction of the model of atoms nucleus , He nucleuses have the same energies during the alpha-radioactivity. Thats why lets place all protons with the same number of neutrons on the nucleus external shell , that means , that on the same energy level only bosons can be found , and they are considered to be alpha-elements found on the nucleus external shell.
Lets place the rest of neutrons inside the nucleus , their task is to weaken the electrostatic field of protons repulsion. Supposing that the nucleus is spherical and protons and neutrons have the same radiuses , well get a model of nucleus for any element , which explains the number of neutrons ratio to the number of protons , which follows from the existence of nucleons in the atoms nucleus .
Radioactive decay is probably connected with the nucleus compression , because neutrons in the nucleus capacity weaken radial forces of protons repulsion with the growth of an elements ordinal number.
If nucleuses mass is primary and chemical qualities of an atom are secondary , than in the table of elements atomic weight must change continuously either down on across. Having constructed the table according to these features we have to leave four empty places after Lu and Lr in order to observe chemical qualities of elements . Determination of nucleus charge is probably necessity in discovering elements .
As a matter of fact elements are considered to be discovered based on their chemical qualities
H
1He
2Li
3Be
4B
5C
6N
7O
8F
9Ne
10Na
11Mg12Al
13Si
14P1
5S
16Cl
17ArK
19Ca
20Sc
21Ti
22V
23Cr
24Mn
25Fe
26Co
27Ni 28Cu
29Zn
30Ga
31Ge
32As
33Se
34Br
35Kr
36Rb
37Sr
38Y
39Zr
40Nb
41Mo
42Tc
43Ru
44Rh
45Pd
46Ag
47Cd
48In
49Sn
50Sb
51Te
52I
53Xe
54Cs
55Ba
56La
57Ce
58Pr
59Nd
60Pm
61Sm
62Eu
63Gd
64Tb
65Dy
66Ho
67Er
68Tu
69Yb
70Lu
71?
72?
73?
74?
75Hf
76Ta
77W
78Re
79Os
80Ir
81Pt
82Au
83Hg
84Tl
85Pb
86Bi
87Po
88At
89Rn
90Fr
91Ra
92Ac
93Th
94Pa
95U
96Np
97Pu
98Am
99Cm
100Bk
101Cf
102Es
103Fm
104Md
105No
106Lr
107In 1891 James Chardwik carried out researches and with the help of Rezerfords formula rated nucleuses charges for platinum-77,4 ; silver-46,3 ; copper-29,3 . These results almost coincided with ordinal numbers of these elements in the periodic table .
But the last lanthanide are radioactive ! According to our model of atoms nucleus radioactivity of the subsequent after lanthanide elements can be reduced , by bringing a shell inside the nucleus which consists of 4 protons or 4 alpha-elements.
But then defining the nucleuses charge of platinums atom on Chardwiks method , we would get again 77,4 ; because alpha-elements would disperse on the nucleuss external shell of an atom .
Thats why the question of more precise definition of nucleus charges of elements following the Hf , is raised .
This is probably the reason of the failure to get to the “ island of stability “ and seditious idea comes to the mine we build atomic electric power stations without knowing the definite amount of neutrons and protons in the nucleuses of uranium and plutonium .
Список литературы
Hehadzi Filipenka “Engineer” Moscow N4 1990 , N4 1991.
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