Хэмфри Богарт english
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, Bogart delivered what may be his finest performance, showing heretofore untapped range as a man totally consumed by greed. Equally memorable was his co-star Walter Huston, who deservedly won a Supporting Actor Oscar. Although critics loved the film and praised Bogart, it died at the box office.
Despite his past problems with politcal issues Bogart supported several Democratic political causes and even campaigned for Adlai Stevenson during his unsuccessful presidential bid in 1952.
On the homefront, the Bogarts welcomed a new member to the family in 1949 when their son, Stephen Humphrey, was born. (Their daughter, Leslie Howard, was born in 1952 and named after his friend and fellow actor who lost his life in WW II.)
Meanwhile, a different type of Bogart production had been set up in 1947. Bogart formed Santana Pictures Corp., named after his other great love besides Bacall, his boat Santana. At the time, Bogart was the first actor to form his own production company. Between 1949 and 1951, Bogart starred in four Santana productions for Columbia: the urban drama Knock On Any Door, the forgettable adventure flicks Tokyo Joe and Sirocco, and the cult classic In a Lonely Place. Jack Warner was furious when Bogart formed his production unit, fearing it would start a trend in which actors would gain new power. Regardless, Bogart still worked for Warner in two minor films in the early 50s that finished his Warner Brothers contract: Chain Lightning and The Enforcer.
Freed from Warners shackles, Bogart was clearly ready to stretch his acting muscles. The perfect showcase came again from Huston: The African Queen. The offbeat teaming of Bogart as a drunken boatman and Katharine Hepburn as a strait-laced missionary proved compelling. Bogart was happy to shed his image as a tough, romantic lead to play an unkempt, vulnerable sot and comic sparring partner for Hepburn. The film proved to be a huge hit and Bogarts performance was universally applauded. At the Academy Awards ceremony in the spring of 1952, Bogart at long last won a Best Actor Oscar, beating out such solid competition as Marlon Brando in A Streetcar Named Desire and Fredric March in Death of a Salesman.
The film also kicked off the final phase of Bogarts film career as a dependable character actor. His later films included such diverse characterizations as the unbalanced Captain Queeg in The Caine Mutiny (a third Best Actor Oscar nomination), a disreputable adventurer in Hustons satiric Beat the Devil, a film director in The Barefoot Contessa, a stodgy businessman wooing chauffeurs daughter Audrey Hepburn in Sabrina, and a hoodlum holding a family hostage in The Desperate Hours. Bogart made his final film in 1956, the gritty boxing drama, The Harder They Fall. Shortly after its release in February 1956, Bogart underwent surgery to remove a cancerous growth from his esophagus. He recovered and gained back some of the weight he had lost. Unfortunately, he was readmitted to Good Samaritan Hospital in November of that year for treatment of nerve pressure caused by the growth of scar tissue on his throat. He was sent home sometime after the operation, but never recovered. Bogart died on January 14, 1957 in the bedroom of his home in Hollywoods Holmby Hills. At his funeral, long-time friend Huston spoke for every Bogart fan: He is quite unreplaceable. There will never be anybody like him.
Bibliography
Nathaniel Benchley, Humphrey Bogart (Little Brown & Co., Boston, 1975).
Ephraim Katz, The Film Encyclopedia (Putnam, New York, 1979).
Ted Sennet, Warner Brothers Presents (Castle, Secaucus, N.J., 1971).
David Shipman, The Great Movie Stars: The Golden Years (Bonanza, New York, 1970).
Hollywood Album: Lives and Deaths of Hollywood Stars from the Pages of The New York Times (Arno, New York, 1979).